Ngaba wakha wacinga ngezi zinto ngaphambi kokuba nomntwana? Masifunde ngeNgcebiso yokuKhuthaza ngaphambi kokukhulelwa!

Eli bali liza kubaluleka kakhulu kuni nina niphupha ngokuba ngumama okanye utata. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba kufuneka ninyamekele umntwana wenu kuphela emva kokuba uvavanyo lokukhulelwa lubonise ukuba ninayo. Kodwa ukuba ufuna umntwana osempilweni ngokwenene, kufuneka ulungiselele kwanangaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Yiloo nto ithethwa yingcebiso ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Ukuchaneka, ukuba uceba ukuba nomntwana, kulapho nidibana khona nogqirha nize nithethe ngayo.

Yintoni iNgcebiso yokuQala ukuCacisa?

Ngamafutshane, le yingxoxo onayo nogqirha ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Ukukhulelwa okunempilo kuqala ngaphambi kokuba ufumane iziphumo zovavanyo lokukhulelwa ezilungileyo. Ngoko ke, ukufumana olu hlobo lweengcebiso ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe kunokunciphisa kakhulu iingozi kuwe okanye kumntwana wakho ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Iinjongo eziphambili zale ngxoxo zezi:

• Ukukunceda ukhulelwe ngokukhuselekileyo .
• Inceda ukugcina wena nomntwana wakho ongekazalwa nisempilweni kangangoko .
• Ukunciphisa iingxaki ezinokubakho ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Into ebuhlungu kukuba, kuba uninzi lokukhulelwa alucwangciswanga, abantu abaninzi abazifumani izibonelelo zale ngcebiso yangaphambi kokukhulelwa. Kodwa ibaluleke kakhulu . Le ngcebiso iya kukunceda ulungiselele ukukhulelwa okuphumelelayo kunye nomntwana osempilweni.

Yintoni exoxwa ngayo kule ngxoxo?

Ugqirha wakho uza kuvavanya izinto ezinokubangela iingxaki zokukhulelwa, akufundise ngezisombululo, aze akuncede uqhagamshelane nezixhobo onokuzifuna.

Ezi zinto zihlala zenzeka ngexesha lokufumana iingcebiso ngaphambi kokukhulelwa:

• Uvavanyo lomngcipheko: Imbali yakho yezonyango, imbali yezonyango yosapho lwakho (kuquka neyeqabane lakho), kunye nezinye izinto zinokukunceda ubone iingozi ezinokubakho ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Imikhwa yokuphila efana nokutya kwakho kunye nokusebenzisa icuba okanye utywala nayo inokuchaphazela oku. Ugqirha wakho unokukunceda ubone ezi ngozi kwaye akuncede uzinciphise kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
• Amanyathelo okungenelela: Kusenokufuneka wenze utshintsho kumayeza okanye indlela ophila ngayo ukuze ulungiselele ingqondo nomzimba wakho ukukhulelwa. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela amanyathelo omawuwathathe.
• IiReferrals: Ugqirha wakho angakuthumela kwizixhobo ezinokukunceda ukhulelwe umntwana. Umzekelo, isicwangciso sakho sokukhulelwa sinokufuna izixhobo zonyango ezifana neebhanki zesidoda okanye ii-surrogates. Ungathetha ngezi ndlela ngexesha lokubonisana.

Ndingaya nini kule ngcebiso?

Le ntlanganiso kufuneka iqhubeke ubuncinane kwiinyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuzama ukuba nomntwana .

Eyona nto ingcono kukuba olu ncedo lokufumana ingcebiso ngaphambi kokukhulelwa lube yinxalenye yonyango oluqhubekayo olufunyanwa ngumntu wonke onokukwazi ukuba nabantwana, nokuba ngoku okanye kwixesha elizayo.

Imibutho efana ne-American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) icebisa ukuba oogqirha bezonyango kunye ne-OB/GYNs bahlale bebuza izigulana, "Ngaba nifuna ukukhulelwa kunyaka olandelayo?" ngexesha lotyelelo oluqhelekileyo. Injongo kukuthatha indlela yokuphucula iziphumo zokukhulelwa.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lokubonisana?

Idinga lokubonisana ngaphambi kokukhulelwa lingabandakanya uvavanyo lokujonga impilo yakho, uphononongo lwembali yakho yezonyango ukuze kuchongwe izinto ezinobungozi, kunye neengcebiso malunga nendlela yokwandisa amathuba akho okukhulelwa.

• Uvavanyo lomzimba: Ugqirha wakho unokwenza uvavanyo lokuvavanya impilo yakho ngokubanzi. Angajonga amalungu akho aphambili (njengentliziyo nemiphunga) kunye neempawu ezibalulekileyo (ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi). Angenza novavanyo lwe-pelvic.
• Uvavanyo: Kusenokufuneka ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwelabhoratri ukuze kuhlolwe usulelo, izifo, okanye iimeko ezifuna unyango. Wena neqabane lakho nisenokufuna uvavanyo lwemfuza ukuze kuhlolwe izifo ezizuzwe njengelifa, ezifana neSifo sikaTay-Sachs okanye iSifo seSickle Cell.
• Imbali yezonyango: Ugqirha uza kujonga iimeko zakho zempilo, amayeza owasebenzisayo, kunye notyando olwenzileyo. Baza kujonga nembali yakho yokubeleka kunye nembali yezifo zabasetyhini, kuquka nokuba usebenzisa ucwangciso lokuzala na, ukuba imijikelo yakho yokuya exesheni iqhelekile kangakanani, kunye nokuba ukhe wakhulelwa na ngaphambili.
• Imbali yosapho: Imbali yezonyango yosapho lwakho inokubonelela ngolwazi olubalulekileyo malunga neemeko zofuzo okanye izifo onokuzidlulisela kumntwana wakho. Kubalulekile ukujonga imbali yezonyango neyentsapho yeqabane lakho ngesizathu esifanayo. (Iibhanki zesidoda nazo ziqokelela olu lwazi xa zihlola abanikeli.)

Ugqirha wakho angakukhokela nakwizicwangciso zakho zokukhulelwa. Banokukunceda ubone izinto ezifana nezi:

• Elona xesha lifanelekileyo lokukhulelwa umntwana: Ugqirha wakho angakunceda uchonge ixesha lokuvuthwa kweqanda inyanga nenyanga. Oku kuya kukunceda wazi ukuba ukhulelwe nini.
• Ixesha elikhuselekileyo lokufumana omnye umntwana: Ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho nempilo yakho, ukuzama ukufumana omnye umntwana kungekudala emva kokuba nomntwana (okanye emva kokuphuphuma kwesisu) kunokunyusa umngcipheko weengxaki zokukhulelwa. Ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela xa kukhuselekile ukuzama kwakhona.
• Ishedyuli efanelekileyo kunye neemeko zokuba nomntwana:Usenokuba ufuna umntwana, kodwa usenokungaziva ulungile okwangoku. Ugqirha wakho angakunceda uchonge izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule njengoko uceba ikamva. Umzekelo, banokuchaza indlela ubudala bakho obuchaphazela ngayo ukuzala kwakho. Banokuthetha nangezimali kunye nezibonelelo zentlalo ekufuneka ube nazo ngaphambi kokuba uzame ukuba nomntwana. Umzekelo, oogqirha banokujonga izinto ezifana nogonyamelo lwabalingane abasondeleyo. Banokukunceda ufumane indawo ekhuselekileyo nenenkxaso onokuba kuyo.
• Indlela yokugcina impilo yakho intle: Ugqirha wakho angakunceda ulawule naziphi na iingxaki zempilo onokuba nazo. Baza kuhlaziya imbali yakho yezonyango baze bakwazise ukuba zeziphi izitofu ekufuneka uzifumane.

Cinga ngako oku, ukwazi ukuba ukulungele na ukuba nomntwana kubaluleke njengokwazi indlela yokwandisa amathuba akho okukhulelwa okunempilo.

Ugqirha uhlola njani umngcipheko wakho?

Ugqirha uza kuvavanya izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinokuchaphazela amava akho okukhulelwa kunye neziphumo.

Izifo ezingapheliyo

Ezinye izifo ezingapheliyo zinokwandisa umngcipheko wakho weengxaki zokukhulelwa. Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga imbali yakho yezonyango aze akuncede uqonde indlela ukukhulelwa okuya kuyichaphazela ngayo isicwangciso sakho sonyango. Umzekelo, kunokufuneka utshintshe amayeza okanye ulungise umthamo wawo. Kusenokufuneka ucwangcise utyelelo olungakumbi kugqirha ukuze ujonge impilo yakho.

Ezinye zezifo ezingapheliyo ezibangela umngcipheko wokukhulelwa zezi:

• Isifuba
• Uxinzelelo
• Isifo seswekile (iDiabetes Mellitus)`
• Isifo sentliziyo
• Igazi elonyukayo
• Isifo sezintso
• Isifo se-thyroid

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukungatshintshi unyango lwakho (njengokuyeka amayeza ngequbuliso) ude ugqirha wakho athi lukhuselekile. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba yintoni enokutshintshwa kunye nento emele ihlale injalo.

Iimeko zofuzo

Imbali yezonyango neyentsapho iluncedo kakhulu ekuchongeni iimeko onokuzidlulisela kumntwana wakho. Ungadinga uvavanyo lwemfuza okanye ingcebiso ukuze uqonde umngcipheko wokuba umntwana wakho afumane isifo semfuza. Ngokuxhomekeke kumngcipheko wakho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa izisombululo.

Umzekelo, uvavanyo lwezakhi zofuzo ngaphambi kokufakelwa kweqanda lungasetyenziswa ukubona ukuba iqanda eliqhamliweyo, okanye umbungu, unezakhi zofuzo ezizuzwe njengelifa ezinokubangela imeko yezakhi zofuzo kuwe okanye kwiqabane lakho. Ungaxoxa ngezi ndlela nogqirha wakho ngexesha lonyango lwakho lokukhulelwa.

Iintsholongwane

Ugqirha wakho unokujonga ukuba akukho zifo, kuquka izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (ii-STI), ezinokuba yingozi kuwe okanye kusana lwakho olungekazalwa. Iintsholongwane ezonyusa umngcipheko weengxaki zokukhulelwa ziquka:

• I-Hepatitis B
• I-HIV `(HIV)`
• I-Mascus
• I-Rubella
• I-Tetanus
• I-Chickenpox (iVaricella/i-Chickenpox)
• Intsholongwane kaZika

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ufumane zonke iigonyo zakho ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Ugqirha wakho uza kucebisa ukuba zeziphi iigonyo omele uzifumane ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe kwaye ulinde ixesha elingakanani ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe.

Amayeza, iziqholo kunye nezongezo

Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga ukuba onke amayeza owasebenzisayo – amayeza kagqirha namayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha (OTC), imifuno, kunye nezongezo – akhuselekile na ukuwasebenzisa ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Baza kukufundisa nendlela yokufumana iivithamini kunye neeminerali ozidingayo ukuze uhlale usempilweni.

Basenokukuxelela ukuba uqale ukuthatha i-vitamin yokukhulelwa equlethe phakathi kwe-400 kunye ne-800 micrograms (mcg) ye-folic acid. I-folic acid inokunceda ekuthinteleni iziphene zokuzalwa, ingakumbi iziphene ze-neural tube, ezichaphazela umqolo kunye nengqondo yomntwana. Kungcono ukuqala ukuthatha ezi nyanga zintathu ukuya kwezintandathu ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe.

Ukutya kunye nokuzilolonga

Uza kuthetha nangokutya kwakho kunye nenqanaba lomsebenzi wakho, kunye naluphi na utshintsho ekufuneka ulwenze ngaphambi nangexesha lokukhulelwa. Umzekelo, ugqirha wakho uza kukucebisa ngemithombo efanelekileyo yezakhamzimba ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye nokuba zingaphi iikhalori ozifunayo ngosuku. Uza kukuxelela nokuba zeziphi ukutya omawuziphephe, njengeentlanzi ezine-mercury eninzi. Ugqirha wakho angathetha nokuba kungakanani ukutyeba okufanelekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Baza kukuxelela nokuba zeziphi imithambo ekhuselekileyo onokuyenza ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ngokubanzi, kufuneka wenze umthambo ophakathi imizuzu engama-30 iintsuku ezintlanu ngeveki. Nangona kunjalo, akulunganga ukwenza umthambo ude udinwe, okanye ukwenza imithambo ekubeka emngciphekweni wokuwa. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika isikhokelo kule nto.

Ubunzima

Ukuba ucinga ukuba utyebile kakhulu okanye utyebile kancinci, kunokufuneka wenze utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo okanye ubone ingcali yokutya. Ubunzima obungaphantsi kobunzima (i-body mass index (BMI) engaphantsi kwe-18.5) buyandisa umngcipheko wokuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha okanye ukuba nomntwana onobunzima obuphantsi. Ubunzima obungaphezulu kobunzima (i-BMI engaphezu kwama-30) buyandisa umngcipheko wokuba:

• Isifo Seswekile Sokukhulelwa
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi lokukhulelwa
• Iingxaki ngexesha lokubeleka

Ugqirha wakho uza kukunceda uphuhlise isicwangciso sokufumana ubunzima obusempilweni xa ukhulelwe.

Ukutshaya, ukusetyenziswa kotywala kunye neziyobisi

Kubalulekile ukuyeka ukutshaya, ukusebenzisa utywala kunye neziyobisi ngexesha lokuzonwabisa xa ulungiselela umzimba wakho ukukhulelwa.Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kunxulunyaniswa neengxaki ezininzi zokukhulelwa, kuquka ukufa kosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa. Ukusela utywala ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokubangela isifo sotywala esibangelwa kusana olusandul’ ukuzalwa. Njengokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, ukutshaya kunokubangela iingxaki ekukhuleni kosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa, kuquka ukuphuphuma kwesisu kunye nokuzalwa kosana oluzelwe lufile. Ukuchatshazelwa ngumsi ophuma komnye umntu kwandisa umngcipheko wokwenzakalisa umntwana osandul’ ukuzalwa.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezithile zokukhulelwa ubuncinane nge-20% .

Ugqirha wakho angakunika izixhobo, ezifana neenkqubo zokuyeka ukutshaya, ukukunceda wenze olu tshintsho.

Iityhefu

Izinto ezinobuthi ekhayeni lakho okanye kwindawo osebenza kuyo zinokuba yingozi ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ugqirha wakho uya kuvavanya umngcipheko wakho wokuvezwa. Izinto ezinobungozi ezinokuchaphazela ukukhulelwa kwakho ziquka:

• I-Arsenic
• I-Asbestos
• I-fluoride
• Inkokeli
• Izibulali-zinambuzane
• Iikhemikhali kwindawo yokusebenza
• Indle yeempuku

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kokubonisana?

Ugqirha wakho angacebisa indibaniselwano yotshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo kunye neengcebiso zempilo. Ezi zingabandakanya:

• Ukunciphisa okanye ukutyeba.
• Ukumisela ukutya okunesondlo.
• Ukudala isicwangciso sokuzilolonga esinempilo.
• Yeka ukutshaya okanye ukusela utywala.
• Ukuhlaziya iindlela zakho zokugonya.
• Ukuphepha uxinzelelo okanye ukufunda ukululawula ngcono.
• Ukuthatha iivithamini ezicetyiswayo (kuquka iivithamini zokukhulelwa).
• Ukutyelela iingcali ngemiba yezempilo ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.
• Ukungathathi amayeza ayingozi kuwe okanye kumntwana ongekazalwa ( soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale okanye uyeke naliphi na iyeza ).

Ngaba kukho uluhlu lwezikhokelo okanye uluhlu lokujonga oku?

Akukho seti inye yezikhokelo ezisetyenziswa ngumntu wonke. Endaweni yoko, imibutho eyahlukeneyo, efana neZiko loLawulo lweZifo (CDC) kunye neKholeji yaseMelika yeeNgcali zooGqirha kunye neeNgcali zeZifo (i-ACOG), ibonelela ngoluhlu lwezinto ekufuneka zijongwe ngexesha lokunika iingcebiso ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Ezi ziquka:

• Ucwangciso losapho (umnqweno wokukhulelwa).
• Iimeko zonyango.
• Imbali yezonyango yosapho.
• Amayeza.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezifo.
• Imeko yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
• Ukutya okunempilo kunye nokuzilolonga.
• Iivithamini zangaphambi kokuzalwa.
• Ukuvezwa kwiityhefu.
• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, utywala kunye necuba.
• Indawo ekhuselekileyo (ukuchanabeka kubundlobongela bosapho).

Ugqirha wakho uza kuthetha ngezihloko ezahlukeneyo , ecinga ngempilo yakho iyonke . Kuba zininzi izinto ezinokuchaphazela ukukhulelwa okunempilo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Cinga ngale ngcebiso ngaphambi kokukhulelwa njengentlanganiso yempilo-ntle eyenzeka kuwe kwixesha elizayo, ukhulelwe. Njengokuba ubona ugqirha wakho wezifo zabesifazane minyaka le ukuze ugcine inkqubo yakho yokuzala isempilweni, le ngcebiso inokukunceda ukugcina ukukhulelwa kwakho kusempilweni kwaye inciphise umngcipheko weengxaki.

Ngoko ke, ukuba uceba ukuba nomntwana ngoku okanye kwixesha elizayo, bona ugqirha wosapho lwakho okanye ugqirha wezifo zabesifazane uze ubuze ngale ngcebiso ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuqala ukukhulelwa okunempilo kukwaziswa nangaphambi kokuba ufumane iziphumo zovavanyo lokukhulelwa ezibonisa ukuba ukhulelwe.

Ingcebiso ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa okunempilo, ukuzala, ingcebiso ngempilo, ucwangciso losapho, ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa