Sonke siyazi ukuba izintso zizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezihluza inkunkuma emizimbeni yethu kwaye zinceda ukugcina ulungelelwaniso lolwelo kunye neetyuwa emzimbeni. Kodwa kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi kwezi zintso kuyema ngequbuliso, okanye ukuba azifumani ioksijini eyaneleyo? Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko enzulu enokwenzeka. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-Acute Tubular Necrosis, okanye i-ATN ngamafutshane.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN)?
Eli gama lisenokuvakala liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, kodwa masiligcine lilula. Ngaphakathi kwizintso zethu, sinezakhiwo ezincinci ezimile okwetyhubhu ezihluza igazi. Ezi sizibiza ngokuba yi "tubules." Umsebenzi ophambili wale tyhubhu kukucoca inkunkuma, amanzi angafunekiyo, kunye neetyuwa egazini lethu size sizikhuphe emzimbeni njengomchamo.
Kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-Acute Tubular Necrosis, umlinganiselo wegazi kunye neoksijini efikelela kwizintso uyancipha ngequbuliso, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo kwezi tyhubhu zincinci kwaye iiseli ezikuzo ziyafa. Xa ezi tyhubhu zonakele, izintso azikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wazo ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kubangela ukuba imveliso engcolileyo, ulwelo olongezelelweyo, kunye neetyuwa ziqokelele emzimbeni. Oku kunokuqhubekela phambili ekubeni kuphele izintso ngokukhawuleza .
Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili zale meko?
Cinga ngezintso njengesityalo. Njengokuba isityalo sisifa ngaphandle kwamanzi, nezintso ziyafa ngaphandle kwegazi neoksijini. Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zezizathu ze-ATN.
1. Ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwizintso:
- Imeko engxamisekileyo, efana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi, inokubangela ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lomzimba lwehle ngequbuliso, nto leyo enciphisa inani legazi eliya ezintso.
- Ngenxa yokopha kakhulu ngexesha lotyando olukhulu okanye ingozi enkulu.
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi ngenxa yokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okanye usulelo oluqatha (sepsis).
2. Ukungena kwezinto ezinobuthi kwizintso:
- Idayi yomahluko yidayi efakwa emzimbeni ngexesha lovavanyo oluthile, olufana ne-X-ray okanye i-CT scan.
- Amanye amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kunye namayeza okubulala iintlungu .
- Ukungena kwezinye iikhemikhali ezinobungozi.
Ezi zinto zingonakalisa ngokuthe ngqo inkqubo yetyhubhu ethambileyo kwizintso kwaye zibangele ukuba zingasebenzi kakuhle.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuba ne-ATN?
Abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokufumana le meko kunabanye. Masibone ukuba bangoobani.
| Into enobungozi | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluhlala luphantsi ixesha elide | Xa uxinzelelo lwegazi luhla (umothuko), umlinganiselo wegazi ohamba uye kwizitho ezibalulekileyo, kuquka nezintso, uyancipha. |
| Utyando olukhulu okanye iingozi ezinzulu | Kwiimeko ezinje, umzimba unokulahlekelwa ligazi elininzi. |
| Ezinye izifo ezazikho ngaphambili | Abantu abanesifo sesibindi , isifo seswekile , kunye nesifo sezintso esele sikhona basengozini enkulu. |
| Amahlwili egazi | Ukuba ihlwili legazi lihlala kwimithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi kwizintso, linokuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi kwaye libangele umonakalo. |
Zithini iimpawu zoku?
Iimpawu ze-ATN zinokuvela ngequbuliso. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ezi zinto.
Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Le asiyomeko yokungayinaki.
| Uphawu | Ithetha ntoni le nto? |
|---|---|
| Ukuncipha kokuphuma komchamo | Ubungakanani bomchamo oveliswayo ngosuku buyancipha kakhulu. Abanye abantu banokuyeka nokuchama kwaphela. |
| Ukudumba komzimba (Ukugcinwa kolwelo) | Ngenxa yokuba izintso azikwazi ukususa ulwelo olungaphezulu, imilenze, amaqatha, izandla, nobuso ziqala ukudumba. |
| Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza | Ukuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma emzimbeni kunokubangela ukungonwabi esiswini kunye nokuhlanza. |
| Ukulala kakhulu kunye nokudideka kwengqondo | Ubunzima bokuvuka, ukulala lula, kunye nokudideka kunokwenzeka. Ezi ziimpawu ezibangelwa yimiphumo yetyhefu engqondweni. |
Ugqirha uyibona njani le nto?
Ukuba unale mpawu, ugqirha wakho uza kuqala akuhlole aze akubuze ngeempawu zakho. Emva koko, baya kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Ngokwesiqhelo, ingcali yezifo zezintso (ugqirha ogxile kwizifo zezintso) uya kuyiphanda nzulu le meko.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Oku kujonga ikakhulu amanqanaba enkunkuma egazini. Kujonga amanqanaba aphezulu ezinto ezifana ne -'Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)' kunye ne -'Creatinine' egazini. Amanqanaba aphezulu ezi zinto anokubonisa ukuba izintso azisebenzi kakuhle. Kukwajonga amanqanaba eetyuwa ezifana ne-'potassium' egazini.
- Uvavanyo lomchamo: Isampulu yomchamo wakho iyathathwa ize ihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope. Kwi-ATN, iziqwenga zeetyhubhu zezintso ezonakeleyo zinokubonwa kumchamo.
- I-Biopsy yezintso: Kwezinye iimeko, ukuba unobangela wesifo awufumaneki, kuthathwa iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicwili esisezintsoni lize lihlolwe. Oku kunokunceda ukubona ukuba loluphi na umonakalo owenzekileyo kwiityhubhu zezintso.
Iphathwa njani?
Injongo ephambili yokunyanga i-ATN kukunyangela unobangela oyintloko . Umzekelo, ukuba lusulelo, kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, okanye ukuba luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi, lubuyiselwa esiqhelweni. Ukunyanga unobangela oyintloko kunika izintso ithuba lokuziphilisa.
Okwangoku, yenza oku kulandelayo ukuxhasa umzimba wakho de izintso zakho ziphiliswe:
- Ukutya: Ukuze uphephe ukufaka uxinzelelo olukhulu kwizintso, uya kuxelelwa ukuba unciphise ulwelo, ityuwa (isodium), kunye nokutya okutyebileyo kwi-potassium (njengebhanana kunye neeorenji) .
- Amayeza: I-Diuretics inganikwa ukunceda ukususa ulwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni. Amayeza anganikwa nokulawula amanqanaba e-potassium egazini.
- I-Dialysis: Ukuba ukusebenza kwezintso kuphazamiseka kakhulu kwaye inkunkuma iqokelelene kwinqanaba eliyingozi, kunokufuneka wenze i-dialysis ukuze ucoce igazi lakho okwethutyana de izintso zakho ziphinde ziphile.
Ixesha lokuchacha liyahluka kumntu nomntu. Umntu ophilileyo ongenazo ezinye izifo ezinzulu unokuchacha kwiintsuku okanye kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, kungathatha ixesha elide ukuba umntu onezinye izifo aphile.
Ngaba le meko ingaphetshwa?
Nangona ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukuthintela i-ATN, kukho izinto ezininzi esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko.
- Ukuba unezifo ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo sentliziyo, okanye isifo sesibindi , zilawule kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ecebisa .
- Ukuba uvavanywa ngokusetyenziswa kwedayi yokwahlulahlula, sela amanzi amaninzi ngaphambi nasemva koko. Oku kuya kunceda izintso zikhuphe ikhemikhali emzimbeni wakho ngokukhawuleza.
- Musa ukuthatha amayeza okulwa nokuvuvukala athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha afana ne-ibuprofen kunye ne-naproxen ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha, ingakumbi ukuba sele unesifo sezintso. La mayeza anokonakalisa izintso zakho.
- Ukuba utofelwa igazi, qiniseka ukuba uhlobo lwegazi lakho luyahambelana.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) yimeko enobungozi ebangela umonakalo kwizintso ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwegazi kunye nokuhamba komoya-mpilo kwizintso.
- Musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu ezinje ngokuncipha komchamo, ukudumba, ukozela kakhulu, kunye nokudideka. Funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba uzibona ezi zinto.
- Xa kunyangwa le meko, kubalulekile ukunyanga unobangela oyintloko. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, uninzi lwabantu lunokuphila.
- Ukulawula izifo ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nokuphepha ukusebenzisa izithomalalisi zentlungu ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha kunokunceda ukukhusela izintso.
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