Ngaba uziva udiniwe ngakumbi kwaye udiniwe imihla ngemihla? Kunye nentlungu yesisu kunye nesicaphucaphu, ngaba ngamanye amaxesha unomdla ongaqhelekanga wokutya okunetyuwa? Nangona ezi zinto zinokubonakala ngathi zizinto eziqhelekileyo, mhlawumbi emva kwesi sifo kukho imeko esingazivanga kangako ngayo, kodwa ekufuneka ilawulwe ngokufanelekileyo. Namhlanje sithetha ngesinye sezi meko, isifo sika-Addison.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-Addison's Disease?
Ngamafutshane, isifo sika-Addison sisifo esingapheliyo esenzeka xa amadlala e-adrenal emzimbeni wethu engavelisi ngokwaneleyo iihomoni ezimbini ezibalulekileyo, i-cortisol kunye ne -aldosterone .
Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba zeziphi ii-adrenal glands. Ezi zii-glands ezimbini ezincinci, ezinxantathu ezihlala njengesiciko phezu kwezintso zethu. Ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo ye-endocrine yomzimba wethu.
- I-Cortisol: Le hormone ibalulekile ebomini bethu. Khawuthelekelele xa ugula, unengozi, okanye utyando, umzimba wakho uziva uxinezelekile kakhulu. Ngamaxesha anjalo, i-cortisol hormone inceda umzimba ukuba ujongane noxinzelelo olo. Ayipheleli apho, kodwa ikwanceda ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukusebenza kwentliziyo, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, kunye namanqanaba eswekile egazini.
- I-Aldosterone: Le hormone ilawula ibhalansi yesodium (ityuwa) kunye nepotassium egazini lethu. Ikwalawula nobungakanani bolwelo oluphuma kwizintso zethu njengomchamo. Oku kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umthamo wegazi lethu kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
Isifo sika-Addison sikwabizwa ngokuba yi- primary adrenal insufficiency . Kukho enye imeko enxulumene nayo ebizwa ngokuba yi -secondary adrenal insufficiency . Kule meko, i-pituitary gland engqondweni ayivelisi ngokwaneleyo i-hormone ebizwa ngokuba yi-ACTH . Le hormone, i-ACTH, ivuselela i-adrenal glands ukuba ivelise i-cortisol.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwesifo sika-Addison kunye nesifo sika-Cushing?
Musa ukubhidanisa ezi zinto zimbini. Kulula kakhulu.
- Isifo sika-Addison: I-cortisol engonelanga (kunye ne-aldosterone) emzimbeni.
- I-Cushing's Syndrome: Ukwanda kwe -cortisol emzimbeni.
Ngubani onokuthi abe nale meko?
Nangona isifo sika-Addison sinokuvela nakweyiphi na iminyaka, sixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kweminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-50.Phakathi kwabantu. Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu.
Kwakhona, abantu abanezifo ezithile zokuzikhusela komzimba basengozini enkulu yokuba nazo. Isifo sokuzikhusela komzimba sibangelwa kukuba amajoni omzimba wethu ahlasela ngempazamo iiseli zethu eziphilileyo. Abantu abanezi zifo zilandelayo basengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo sika-Addison:
- Uhlobo lweswekile I
- I-anemia eyingozi
- Isifo samangcwaba
- I-thyroiditis engapheliyo
- I-dermatitis herpetiformis
- I-Vitiligo
- I-Myasthenia gravis
Zithini iimpawu zesifo sika-Addison?
Kwesi sifo, ukonakala kwamadlala e-adrenal kudla ngokuvela kancinci, ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngenxa yoko, iimpawu zibonakala kancinci kancinci. Ezi mpawu zinokuhluka kumntu nomntu.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukuvakalelwa rhoqo kokudinwa kakhulu | Olu luphawu oluqhelekileyo nolukhula kancinci kancinci. |
| Amabala amnyama eluswini (iHyperpigmentation) | Ulusu luba mnyama, ingakumbi kumanxeba, amanxeba, imigobo yesikhumba (iingqiniba, amadolo), kunye neentsini. |
| Intlungu yesisu, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokuhlanza | Iingxaki zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya. |
| Ukudumba (urhudo) | Ukuqaqamba kwesisu rhoqo kunye norhudo. |
| Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokunciphisa umzimba | Ukunciphisa umzimba kunye nokulahlekelwa ngumdla ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo. |
| Intlungu yemisipha kunye namalungu | Iimeko ezifana neentlungu zomzimba kunye nokuqaqamba kwemisipha. |
| Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi | Ukuziva unesizungu kwaye uphelelwe ngamandla xa umi. |
| Ukunqwenela ityuwa ngokugqithisileyo | Uphawu olubangelwa kukwehla kwamanqanaba etyuwa emzimbeni. |
| Iswekile ephantsi egazini (iHypoglycemia) | Iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zomzimba kunye nokubila zinokubakho. |
| Utshintsho lwengqondo | Umsindo ongachazekiyo, ukudakumba, kunye nobunzima bokugxila. |
Ukuba abafazi banale sifo, banokufumana iimpawu ezifana nokungaqheleki kwemijikelo yokuya exesheni, ukulahleka kweenwele emzimbeni, kunye nokuncipha komnqweno wesondo.
Ingxamiseko: Yintoni iNgxaki yaseAddisonian?
Ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi ngamaxesha oxinzelelo olukhulu emzimbeni (umz., ukugula okunzulu, ingozi), iimpawu zinokuba mandundu ngequbuliso zize zibe yingozi kubomi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-Addisonian crisis , okanye i-acute adrenal failure .
Le yingxamiseko yezonyango. Ukuba ayinyangwa kakuhle, ukothuka nokufa kunokwenzeka.
Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unezi mpawu zilandelayo, mse kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
| Iimpawu ezilumkisayo zengxaki yaseAddisonian | |
|---|---|
| 1. | Ukudinwa okugqithisileyo kunye nobuthathaka ngequbuliso. |
| 2. | Intlungu ebuhlungu ngequbuliso, ezantsi kwesisu, emqolo, okanye emilenzeni. |
| 3. | Ukuhlanza kakhulu kunye norhudo, okubangela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni. |
| 4. | Uxinzelelo lwegazi luyehla kakhulu. |
| 5. | Ukuziva udidekile engqondweni, ungazinzi, okanye uloyiko. |
| 6. | Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo. |
Yintoni ebangela isifo sika-Addison?
Eyona nto ibangela isifo sika-Addison kukusabela komzimba . Ngamafutshane, inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu (inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela) ihlasela ngempazamo izicubu zethu eziphilileyo. Kwesi sifo, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ihlasela inxalenye engaphandle yamadlala e-adrenal (i-adrenal cortex). Kulapho kuveliswa khona i-cortisol kunye ne-aldosterone. Iimpawu zihlala zingaveli de kube malunga ne-90% yalo monakalo. Oku kungathatha iinyanga, okanye iminyaka. Le yimbangela ye-75% yezigulane zika-Addison.
Ngaphambili, isifo sephepha sasingunobangela omkhulu woku, kwaye sisengunobangela omkhulu kumazwe asakhasayo.
Kukho ezinye izizathu ezingaqhelekanga:
- Izifo ezifana ne-HIV/AIDS kunye nezifo ezibangelwa yifungus.
- Ukusasazeka kweeseli zomhlaza ezivela kwenye indawo ukuya kwiindlala ze-adrenal.
- Ukopha kwi-adrenal glands (ukuvuza kwegazi).
- Ukususwa kweendlala ze-adrenal ngotyando.
- Izifo ezifana ne-amyloidosis.
Ugqirha uxilonga njani esi sifo?
Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zibonakala kancinci kancinci kwaye ziqhelekile kwezinye izifo ezininzi, kunokuba nzima ukuxilonga esi sifo ngokuchanekileyo.
Amaxesha amaninzi, ugqirha udla ngokurhanela xa uvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo lubonisa amanqanaba aphantsi esodium okanye amanqanaba aphezulu epotassium egazini. Amabala amnyama eluswini lolunye uphawu olukhulu olwenza umntu arhanele oku.
Ukuba ugqirha wakho urhanela ukuba isifo sika-Addison sibangelwa ziimpawu zakho, uza kuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lulinganisa amanqanaba e-sodium, i-potassium, i-cortisol, kunye nee-hormone ze-ACTH egazini lakho.
- Uvavanyo lokukhuthaza i-ACTH: Oku kuquka ukufaka i-hormone ye-ACTH eyenziweyo kunye nokujonga ukuba ingaba amadlala akho e-adrenal avelisa i-cortisol na. Amanqanaba aphantsi e-cortisol anokubonisa ukuba amadlala angasebenzi kakuhle.
- Uvavanyo lwe-hypoglycemia olubangelwa yi-insulin: Olu vavanyo lujonga ukuba ingxaki yakho inxulumene ne-pituitary gland.
- I-CT scan: Oku kunokujonga umonakalo kwi-adrenal glands okanye usulelo.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Isifo sika-Addison sinyangwa ngokutshintsha iihomoni ezilahlekileyo emzimbeni ngamayeza okwenziwa.
- Kunikwa iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-hydrocortisone endaweni ye-cortisol.
- I-Aldosterone ithathelwa indawo sisiyobisi esibizwa ngokuba yi -fludrocortisone .
Isifo sika-Addison sisifo esingapheliyo, ngoko ke kuya kufuneka usele la mayeza ubomi bakho bonke .
Umlinganiselo walo mayeza uyahluka kumntu nomntu. Kwakhona, ugqirha wakho unokunyusa umthamo walo mayeza ukuthintela ingxaki ye-Addisonian ukuba ufumana uxinzelelo, olufana nosulelo, ingozi, okanye utyando.
Ukuba unesifo sika-Addison, uzinyamekela njani?
Ukuba unesi sifo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzinyamekela.
- Soloko unxibe ikhadi lesazisi okanye isongo sesilumkiso sezonyango ukuze iingcali zonyango zazi ngemeko yakho xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nento omawuyenze xa ugula okanye uxinezelekile kakhulu, njengoko umthamo wakho wamayeza unokufuna ukulungiswa ngamaxesha anje.
- Ngexesha likaxakekaBuza ugqirha wakho malunga nokugcina inaliti ye-cortisol esandleni kunye nokufundisa ilungu losapho indlela yokukunika yona.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha wakho?
Ukuba unesifo sika-Addison, kufuneka ubonane nogqirha wakho rhoqo (ngokuqhelekileyo yingcali ye-endocrinologist) ukuqinisekisa ukuba umthamo wamayeza akho ulungile kuwe.
Ukuba ufumana uxinzelelo olukhulu, olufana nengozi, ukugula, okanye ukufa komntu omthandayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho kuba unokufuna ukutshintsha umthamo wamayeza akho.
Ukuba kuvela iimpawu zengxaki ye-Addisonian (ezifana nobuthathaka obugqithisileyo ngequbuliso, iintlungu eziqatha), yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko ukuze ufumane unyango.
Ukwazi ukuba unesifo esinganyangekiyo kunokubangela uxinzelelo ngokweemvakalelo. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba isifo sika-Addison sinokulawulwa ngempumelelo ngamayeza. Ngokubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo, uthatha idosi efanelekileyo yamayeza, kwaye uzinyamekele, ungaphila ubomi obusempilweni nobuqhelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo sika-Addison sisifo esingaqhelekanga nesingapheliyo apho amadlala e-adrenal angavelisi ngokwaneleyo iihomoni ze-cortisol kunye ne-aldosterone.
- Iimpawu eziphambili ziquka ukudinwa okwandayo, amabala amnyama eluswini (ingakumbi apho ulusu lugoba khona), kunye nokunqwenela kakhulu ukutya okunetyuwa.
- Ingxaki ye-Addisonian yingxamiseko yezonyango enokuba yingozi ebomini, kwaye ukuba kukho iimpawu, kufuneka uye kwisebe lezonyango elingxamisekileyo (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
- Unyango lufuna unyango lokutshintsha iihomoni ubomi bonke.
- Ngokulandela iingcebiso zonyango ezifanelekileyo kunye nokuthatha amayeza akho njengoko kuyalelwe, ungaphila ubomi obusempilweni nobuqhelekileyo.
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