Ukuthimla rhoqo, amehlo arhawuzelelayo, ulusu olurhawuzelelayo... Le ngxaki yokunganyamezelani ayipheli, akunjalo? Xa usela amayeza, ayaphela okwethutyana, kodwa abuye abuye kwakhona. Ukusela amayeza anje ubomi bonke nako kuyacaphukisa kakhulu. Ngaba ukhe weva ngendlela yokufumana isiqabu sexesha elide kwi-allergy efana nale? Yiyo loo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-'Allergy Shots'. Nangona olu lunyango oluhlala ixesha elide, yindlela esebenzayo kakhulu yokususa i-allergy rhoqo.
Ngamafutshane, zithini iimijovo ze-allergy?
Iinaliti ze-allergy ziluhlu lweenaliti ezinikwa ixesha elide ezikunceda ukunciphisa okanye ukuthintela ngokupheleleyo iimpawu ze-allergy.
Khawucinge nje, inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu, inkqubo yokuzikhusela, ngempazamo ibona izinto ezingeyongozi (njengothuli, ipollen, umzekelo) njengotshaba olukhulu, size sifumane ii-allergies. Ezi zinto sizibiza ngokuba 'zii-allergens' . Inaliti ye-allergy inenani elincinci kakhulu le-allergen onayo kwi-allergy.
Ngamafutshane, kufana nokuqeqesha umzimba wakho. Uqala kancinci kancinci, uqala ngezixa ezincinci kakhulu, ungenisa i-allergen emzimbeni wakho. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, umzimba wakho uyeka ukuphendula kwi-allergen ngokungathi 'lutshaba' kwaye ufunde ukuyamkela njengento eqhelekileyo. Ngamanye amazwi, uyeka ukulwa nayo kwaye ube ngumhlobo wayo. Le nkqubo yaziwa ngokwezonyango njenge- allergen immunotherapy okanye i-subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) .
Ngaba le naliti inganikwa kuyo yonke into ebangela i-allergy?
Hayi. Olu nyango alufanelekanga kuzo zonke iintlobo ze-allergies. Lusetyenziswa ngempumelelo kuphela kwiintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-allergies. Uza kuyiqonda kakuhle le nto xa ujonga le theyibhile ingezantsi.
| Iintlobo zee-allergies ezinokunyangeka | Ii-aleji ezinganyangekiyo |
|---|---|
| Izinto ezibangela i-allergen emoyeni: Ezi ziquka uthuli, i-pollen evela emithini nasengca, uboya kunye nolusu lwezilwanyana zasekhaya ezifana neekati nezinja, kunye ne-molds. | Ukunganyamezelani nokutya: Le ndlela ayisebenzi kwi-aleji kwizinto ezifana nobisi, amaqanda, amandongomane kunye neentlanzi. |
| Ukunganyamezelani okubangelwa zizinambuzane ezilumayo: Oku kusebenza kakhulu kwi-allergies ezinzima, ingakumbi ezo zibangelwa kukuluma kweenyosi, ii-wasps, kunye nee-hornets. | Ukunganyamezelani namayeza: Oku akunikwa abantu abane-aleji kumayeza afana ne-penicillin. |
| Ukunganyamezelani neLatex: Le ndlela ayifanelekanga nakubantu abane-allergies kwizinto ezifana neeglavu zerabha. | |
| Kubalulekile: Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokunyanga ii-allergies ezingenakunyangeka kukuziphepha kangangoko kunokwenzeka. | |
Lusebenza njani olu nyango? Ngawaphi amanqanaba?
Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise olu nyango, ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo oluthile ukuze afumanise ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangela ukuba ungabi na-aleji. Oku kungaba luvavanyo lolusu okanye uvavanyo lwegazi. Kulapho ke kuphela apho kuya kuqala khona ukugonywa. Olu nyango luphela lunezigaba ezibini eziphambili.
1. Isigaba sokwakheka kwesisu: Eli lixesha lokuqala. Ngeli xesha, uza kufumana inaliti kanye okanye kabini ngeveki. Oku kuza kuthatha malunga neenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-10. Oku kuquka ukuqala ngedosi ephantsi kakhulu ye-allergen uze unyuse idosi kancinci kancinci. Oku kwenziwa de umzimba wakho uyiqhele.
2. Isigaba sokugcinwa: Eli nqanaba liqala emva kokuba umzimba sele uqhelene ne-allergen. Apha, amaxesha okufakwa kwenaliti ayancitshiswa. Ngokwesiqhelo, inaliti inikwa malunga kanye ngenyanga . Eli nqanaba linokuhlala iminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5, okanye nangaphezulu.
Inaliti idla ngokufakwa engalweni engasentla. Ngamanye amaxesha ingafakwa nasethangeni okanye esinqeni.
Khumbula oku! Awunakuphuma nje eofisini emva kokufumana inaliti. Kuya kufuneka uhlale apho ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30. Uyazi ukuba kutheni? Nangona kunqabile kakhulu, impendulo inokwenzeka xa inaliti ifunyenwe. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, ugqirha kunye nabasebenzi banokuyinyanga ngokukhawuleza. Oku kungenxa yokhuseleko lwakho.
Yintoni enokwenzeka emva kokufakwa kwenaliti?
Ngokwesiqhelo ayiyongxaki inkulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ezinye iimpendulo zinokubakho. Yiyo loo nto besithi linda imizuzu engama-30.
| Uhlobo lwempendulo | Iimpawu ezinokwenzeka |
|---|---|
| Iimpendulo ezincinci (ezinokwenzeka kakhulu) |
|
| Iimpendulo ezinzulu (ezinqabileyo kakhulu) | Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-anaphylaxis . Le yimeko efuna unyango olungxamisekileyo.
Ukuba kwenzeka into efana nale, ukunika amayeza anjenge -EpiPen® (Epinephrine auto-injector) ngoko nangoko kunokusindisa ubomi. |
Ziphephe ezi zinto emva kokufakwa inaliti
Kuphephe ukuzilolonga, ukubaleka, okanye ukuhlamba ngamanzi ashushu kangangeeyure ezimbini emva kokufakwa inaliti. Ezi zinto zonyusa ukuhamba kwegazi emzimbeni, nto leyo enokuvumela ukuba i-allergen ekwinaliti isasazeke emzimbeni wonke ngokukhawuleza. Isenokungabangeli monakalo mkhulu, kodwa kusengumbono olungileyo ukuba uqaphele.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iimeko apho olu nyango lungafanele luthathwe khona?
Ewe, kukho amaxesha apho kungafanelekanga ukufumana olu tyando. Ugqirha wakho uza kukwazisa ngalo mba.
- Ukuba unomkhuhlane (ongaphezulu kwama-37.7 Celsius), umkhuhlane, okanye imeko efana nomkhuhlane, musa ukuyifumana inaliti. Thetha nogqirha wakho kwaye uhlengahlengise ixesha.
- Ukuba uhlaselwe sisifo sesifuba ngequbuliso, ukuthatha inaliti kunokwenza iimpawu zakho zesifuba zibe mandundu.
- Ukuba uthatha uhlobo lwamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-beta-blockersKufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngale nto. La ngamayeza adla ngokunikezelwa kuxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nesifo sentliziyo. Ukuba usela la mayeza, inaliti esindisa ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yi-epinephrine, enikwa kwimeko ye-allergy enzulu (i-anaphylaxis) ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili, isenokungasebenzi. Ke ngoko, ukuba usela la mayeza, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqalise imijovo ye-allergy.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukubona iziphumo? Ngaba oku kuyasebenza?
Le yinto efuna umonde omncinci. Awunakuthi nje unike inaliti namhlanje uze ulindele ukuba i-allergy yakho ibe ngcono ngomso.
Uninzi lwabantu luqala ukuqaphela ukwehla kweempawu zabo phakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 nezi-8 , kwaye kungathatha unyaka ukubona iziphumo ezipheleleyo.
Ewe, olu lunyango oluhlala luphumelela kakhulu. Malunga nama-80% abantu abafumana olu nyango babona ukwehla okukhulu kwiimpawu zabo zokunganyamezelani. Oku kuthetha ukuba banokunciphisa kakhulu okanye bayeke ngokupheleleyo ukusebenzisa amayeza. Kwakhona, malunga nama-60% abantu abafumana unyango iminyaka emi-3-5 bafumana unyango lobomi bonke.
Abanye abantu bayazoyika iinaliti, akunjalo? Siyibiza loo nto ngokuba yi-trypanophobia . Kodwa ungoyiki, le inaliti isebenzisa inaliti encinci kakhulu. Ngoko awuziva ntlungu ingako.
Udinga nini ukubona ugqirha?
Ngexesha lonyango, yazisa ugqirha wakho ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:
- Ukuba iimpawu zakho ze-allergy aziphucuki okanye ziya zisiba mandundu emva kweenyanga ezininzi zonyango.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga (umz., iintlungu zomzimba, ubunzima bokuphefumla) emva kokufumana inaliti, buyela ekhaya.
- Ukuba awukwazi ukuza kujova ngomhla ocwangcisiweyo, nceda usazise kwangaphambili.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nolu nyango.
Olu nyango lunokuba lubiza kakhulu kwaye luthathe ixesha elide. Kodwa kungcono kakhulu ukufumana isisombululo esifana nesi kunokuba uhlaselwe yi-allergies ngamanye amaxesha. Ugqirha wakho ngumntu ofanelekileyo wokugqiba ukuba oku kulungile na kuwe. Thetha naye kwaye ukhethe isisombululo esifanelekileyo kwimeko yakho ye-allergy.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Imithi yokugonyelwa yi-allergy ayisosisombululo sikhawulezileyo, lunyango oluhlala ixesha elide, ngoko ke umonde ubaluleke kakhulu.
- Oku kwenzelwa ukuba umzimba wakho uqhelane kancinci kancinci ne-allergen onayo.
- Olu nyango lusebenza kakhulu kwi-allergies ezifana nothuli, i-pollen, i-dander yezilwanyana, kunye nokulunywa zizinambuzane, kodwa alufanelekanga kwi-allergies zokutya okanye iziyobisi.
- Kungathatha iinyanga ezi-6 okanye unyaka ukubona iziphumo, ngoko ke musa ukuyeka phakathi.
- Ukuze ukhuseleke, qiniseka ukuba uhlala ekliniki imizuzu engama-30 emva kokufakwa inaliti nganye.
- Nika ugqirha wakho inkcazo epheleleyo ngayo nayiphi na eminye imithi oyithathayo (ingakumbi ii-beta-blockers) kunye nazo zonke iimeko zakho zempilo.
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