Xa siziva iintlungu ndaweni ithile, into yokuqala esiyenzayo kukusebenzisa i- 'painkiller ', akunjalo? Xa sinentloko ebuhlungu, izinyo elibuhlungu, isisu esibuhlungu ngexesha lokuya exesheni, xa siwa size senzakale amalungu ethu... sifuna uncedo kwiintlungu ezibuhlungu kuzo zonke ezi zinto. Le yinto ekhoyo kwikhabhathi yamayeza endlu nganye. Kodwa, ngaba siyazi ngokwenene ezi ntlungu, okanye 'ii-Analgesics'? Zisebenza njani emizimbeni yethu? Ngaba zikho iintlobo zazo? Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokuzisebenzisa rhoqo? Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngazo zonke ezi zinto ngokulula, ngokungathi sithetha nomhlobo.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ezi pilisi zokuthomalalisa iintlungu?
Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu, okanye njengoko sizibiza ngokuba , 'iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu', luhlobo lonyango oluthomalalisa okanye olunciphisa iintlungu emzimbeni wethu. Kukho into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka siyiqonde apha. Ezi pilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu azifani namayeza okubulala iintlungu anikwa ngexesha lotyando. Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu ziyawumisa umsebenzi wemithambo-luvo okwethutyana kwindawo ethile, into efana nokulahlekelwa zingqondo.
Kodwa iipilisi zokuphelisa iintlungu azenzi loo nto. Azisivali imithambo-luvo yethu, azisithinteli ukuba singaziva izinto ezisingqongileyo, okanye zisenze singabi nangqondo. Zinciphisa kuphela ukuziva iintlungu ezingqondweni zethu okanye zinciphise ukudumba okubangela iintlungu.
Ziziphi iimeko apho sisebenzisa khona amayeza okudambisa iintlungu?
Sonke sikhe sasebenzisa amayeza okudambisa iintlungu ngaxa lithile ebomini bethu. Khawuthelekelele imeko efana nale...
- Emva kotyando: Oogqirha bacebisa ezi zinto ukunceda ukulawula iintlungu emva kotyando oluncinci okanye olukhulu.
- Kwimeko yokwenzakala: Intlungu ebuhlungu ebangelwa ziingozi, ezifana nokuphuka kwethambo (ukuqhekeka) okanye ukukruneka komlenze.
- Intlungu Ebukhali: Kwizinto ezifana nentloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, iintlungu zamazinyo, okanye ukuxinana kwemisipha.
- Iintlungu zomzimba ngokubanzi: Kwiinto ezinje ngeentlungu zokuya exesheni kunye neentlungu zomzimba emva kokuzilolonga.
- Iintlungu Ezingapheliyo: Lawula iimeko zentlungu ezihlala ixesha elide ezifana nesifo samathambo, umhlaza, kunye nentlungu yomqolo.
Zisebenza njani ezi pilisi zokuphelisa iintlungu? Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili!
Izibulali-ntlungu zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili, nganye kuzo isebenza emizimbeni yethu ngeendlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo.
1. Ii-Anti-inflammatory Analgesics
Olu hlobo lwe-painkiller lusebenza ngokunciphisa ukudumba, okanye ukudumba, kwindawo yentlungu. Xa kukho into eyenzekayo emzimbeni wethu, njengokwenzakala okanye usulelo, impendulo yendalo yomzimba kukubangela ukuba indawo ibe bomvu, idumbe, ishushu, kwaye ibe buhlungu. Oku kungenxa yokukhululwa kweekhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba yi-prostaglandins. La mayeza asebenza ngokuthintela ukuveliswa kwezo khemikhali. Oku kunciphisa ukudumba kunye nentlungu.
Sisebenzisa iintlobo zamayeza eziqhelekileyo ezikweli candelo.
- I-Acetaminophen: Le yi -paracetamol esiyaziyo sonke. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kumkhuhlane kunye neentlungu ngokubanzi.
- I-Aspirin: Le ikwayi-anti-pain treatment kwaye iyeza elinciphisa ukujiya kwegazi.
- Amayeza angengowe-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs): Eli gama lide kancinci, kodwa siyazazi ezi. Umzekelo, amayeza afana ne -Ibuprofen , i-Naproxen , kunye ne-Diclofenac akweli qela. La mayeza asebenza kakhulu kwizinto ezifana neentlungu zemisipha kunye nentlungu yamalungu.
- I-COX Inhibitors: Ezi ziindidi ezikhethekileyo zamayeza afana nee-NSAIDs, kodwa azinampembelelo ingako esiswini.
2. Ii-Analgesics ze-Opioid
La liqela lamayeza anamandla kancinci, kwaye kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngawo. Akwabizwa ngokuba zii-narcotics . La mayeza awasebenzi kwindawo yentlungu; achaphazela ngqo ingqondo yethu kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo.
Ngamafutshane, la mayeza atshintsha indlela ingqondo 'eyamkela ngayo' imiqondiso yentlungu. Nangona intlungu isemzimbeni, iyancipha engqondweni. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha bewanika amayeza kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu zentlungu, njengentlungu enzima emva kotyando okanye intlungu yomhlaza.
Kubalulekile: Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu ze-opioid ngamayeza afanele athathwe kuphela ngokucetyiswa ngugqirha, kwidosi emiselweyo, nangexesha elimiselweyo, njengoko umngcipheko wokuxhomekeka/ukuxhomekeka uphezulu kakhulu.
Amanye amayeza akweli qela ngala:
- I-Codeine
- I-Tramadol
- I-Morphine
- I-Fentanyl
- I-Oxycodone
Ziziphi iindlela zokusebenzisa amayeza okudambisa iintlungu?
Iipilisi zokubulala iintlungu zinokuthathwa yimizimba yethu ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ugqirha wakho uya kumisela eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo ngokusekwe kuhlobo kunye nobunzima bentlungu yakho, kunye nenqanaba lokuthuthuzela kwakho.
- Iipilisi, iipilisi okanye iikhaphu eziginyiweyo: Le yindlela esiyibonayo nesiyisebenzisa rhoqo.
- Ulwelo oluginyayo: Le ndlela isetyenziselwa abantwana abancinci kunye nabo banengxaki yokuginya iipilisi.
- Iziphene eluswini: Xa kusetyenziswa amayeza okudambisa iintlungu anamandla eluswini njengephene, iyeza lingena emzimbeni kancinci kancinci.
- Iinaliti: Le ndlela isetyenziswa kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo naxa kufuneka uncedo olukhawulezileyo lwentlungu.
- Isifutho sempumlo: Ezinye izithomalalisi zentlungu ziyafumaneka ngolu hlobo.
- Iifilimu ezingaphantsi kolwimi: Ezi zingena ngokukhawuleza egazini.
Zithini iingozi kunye nemiphumo emibi yokusebenzisa amayeza okudambisa iintlungu?
Bathi, “Ukusebenzisa kakhulu nantoni na kubi.” Oku kuyasebenza nakwimithi yokuthomalalisa iintlungu. Ukuyisebenzisa, ingakumbi xa isetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye ixesha elide ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha, kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi kakhulu. Makhe sijonge ezi ndidi zimbini zomngcipheko ngokwahlukeneyo.
| Udidi lweziyobisi | Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neengozi ezinokubakho |
|---|---|
| Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu ezilwa nokuvuvukala (ii-NSAID, ezifana neParacetamol) |
|
| Iipilisi zokuphelisa iintlungu ze-opioid (ii-opioids) |
Okungakumbi malunga neengozi zokulutha i-opioid
Ii-opioids ziziyobisi ezinokusindisa ubomi ukuba zisetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa zinokubulala ubomi ukuba zisetyenziswa gwenxa. Ingxaki Yokusetyenziswa Kakubi Kweziyobisi (SAD) ikhula kancinci kancinci. Kukho iimpawu ezininzi zokuba umntu usenokuba nale meko.
- Ukuthatha amayeza amaninzi kunalawo amiselwe ngugqirha.
- Ndizama ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza kodwa andikwazi ukwenza njalo.
- Ukucinga ngamayeza kangangokuba awukwazi ukuphumeza imisebenzi, iimbopheleleko zesikolo, okanye zosapho.
- Ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa eli yeza nangona ndisazi ukuba liza kubangela iingxaki.
- Ukurhoxa kwimisebenzi yoluntu nakubahlobo.
- Ukusebenzisa ezi zinto nakwiimeko ezinobungozi ezifana nokuqhuba.
- Ekuhambeni kwexesha, idosi ethathwayo ayanelanga ngaphambi kokuba kuthomalaliswe intlungu (Tolerance).
- Iimpawu zokurhoxa ziyenzeka xa iyeza liyekisiwe.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unezinye zezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Kwakhona, gcina zonke izithomalalisi zentlungu ngokukhuselekileyo kude nabantwana abancinci.
Ufanele ufune nini ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza?
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo ngelixa usela iyeza lokunciphisa iintlungu, bona ugqirha okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
| Iimpawu zeFlegi ebomvu | |
|---|---|
| Utshintsho lolusu | Iimpawu ze-aleji ezifana nokurhawuzelela kwesikhumba kunye nokudumba naphi na emzimbeni. |
| Utshintsho kwisihlalo | Isitulo esimnyama, esihlala ixesha elide (oku kungaba luphawu lokopha esiswini). |
| Utshintsho ekuhlanzeni | Indle ehlanza igazi okanye indle efana nekofu . |
| Utshintsho lweemvakalelo | Utshintsho ekuboneni okanye ekuveni. |
| Intlungu ebuhlungu | Intlungu yesisu okanye intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu. |
| Utshintsho kumchamo | Ubunzima bokuchama, umchamo onamafu okanye onombala otshintshileyo. |
| Ukutyheli kolusu namehlo | Ukutyheli kolusu okanye amhlophe emehlweni (i-jaundice) (olu luphawu lokonakala kwesibindi). |
| Ubunzima bomzimba | Ukunyuka okungaqhelekanga kobunzima bomzimba ngequbuliso. |
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntu usele amayeza okudambisa iintlungu ngokugqithisileyo, mse esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ungatsalela umnxeba iZiko loLwazi lweTyhefu leSizwe kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo ukuze ufumane ingcebiso.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu ziluncedo kakhulu ekuthomalaliseni iintlungu. Kodwa kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo nangendlela efanelekileyo.
- Nokuba ungafumana amayeza okudambisa iintlungu athengiswa ngaphandle kwekhawuntara kwivenkile yezonyango, musa ukuthatha ngaphezu kwedosi ecetyiswayo. Ukuba uza kuwasebenzisa ixesha elide, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha.
- Ungaze wabelane nabanye abantu ngeepilisi zokudambisa iintlungu, ingakumbi ii-opioids, ezinikwe ngugqirha. Zinokuba yingozi kuloo mntu.
- Ukuba unezinye izifo (umz. isifo sesisu, isifo sezintso, isifo sentliziyo) okanye usebenzisa amanye amayeza, xelela ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise iyeza lokuthomalalisa iintlungu.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga ngelixa usebenzisa nayiphi na into yokubulala iintlungu, musa ukuyityeshela kwaye funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
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