Ingaba umntwana wakho ubonakala enebala elimfusa ngequbuliso emzimbeni wakhe? Isenokuba yiHenoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP)! Singathetha ngale nto?

Kuqhelekile ukuba nexhala kancinci ukuba umntwana wakho ngequbuliso ubona amabala amancinci amfusa emzimbeni wakhe, ingakumbi emilenzeni nasezinqeni zakhe, emva kokudlala ngovuyo. Ngamanye amaxesha la mabala anokuhamba neentlungu zesisu kunye nentlungu yamalungu. Xa sibona into efana nale, sicinga ngento enye emva kwenye. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko enokubangela ezi mpawu, kodwa uninzi lwexesha ayisiyonto yokukhathazeka ngayo, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uyiqaphele. Yiyo leyo iHenoch-Schonlein Purpura, okanye i-HSP ngamafutshane.

Yintoni iHenoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP)?

Ngamafutshane, iHenoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP) yimeko apho imithambo yegazi emincinci emizimbeni yethu idumba okanye ivuvukala. Oogqirha bayibiza le nto ngokuthi "i- vasculitis ." Cinga ngayo njengemithambo yegazi emincinci emizimbeni yethu evuvukala kwaye ivuvukala. Oku kudumba kuko okubangela zonke ezi ngxaki.

Xa imithambo yegazi idumba ngale ndlela, iiseli ezincinci zegazi ziqala ukuvuza. Kanye njengombhobho wamanzi uvuza amanzi. Ezi seli zegazi zinokuvuza eluswini, kwiinwebu ze-mucous (ezifana neenwebu ezimanzi ezingaphakathi emlonyeni nasezimpumlweni zethu), okanye kwizitho zangaphakathi. Xa zivuza eluswini, zibangela loo mabala amfusa, afana nokukrweleka. Siwabiza loo mabala ngokuthi `(purpura)`.

Amaxesha amaninzi, le meko ye-HSP ichaphazela imithambo yegazi eluswini, emalungwini, emathunjini (amathumbu), nasezintsoni. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lwabantwana abafumana i-HSP bayaphila ngokupheleleyo kwiiveki ezimbalwa ngaphandle kweengxaki zexesha elide . Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukwazi inyani ngaphambi kokuba uphakuzele.

Zithini izizathu ze-HSP?

Oogqirha abakakwazi ukutsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba yintoni ebangela i-HSP. Kodwa bacinga ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba iqala emva kosulelo . Isenokuba lusulelo lwebhaktiriya, intsholongwane, okanye i-parasites. Umzekelo, abanye abantwana banokuba nale meko emva kokuqaqamba komphimbo.

Ngaphandle koko, kurhanelwa ukuba oku kunokubangelwa ngamayeza athile kunye nokunganyamezelani nokutya. Abanye abantu basenokuba nofuzo olubangela isifo. Abaphandi basakhangela unobangela we-HSP.

I-HSP yenzeka xa inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba ingasebenzi kakuhle. Sinohlobo oluthile lweproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Immunoglobulin A - IgA)` emizimbeni yethu. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukulwa nosulelo nokusikhusela kwizifo. Kodwa okwenzekayo emzimbeni womntu one-HSP kukuba le protein ye-`(IgA)` ifakwa kuloo mithambo yegazi mincinci. Kulapho ke loo meko ye-`(vasculitis)` iyenzeka khona, nto leyo ebangela ukuba imithambo yegazi idumbe.

I-HSP lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe- vasculitis ebantwaneni . Nangona inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka, ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-2 ne-6 ubudala. Ixhaphake kabini kumakhwenkwe kunakumantombazana. Ikwaqheleke kakhulu ekwindla nasebusika (oko kukuthi, ngasekupheleni konyaka).

Zithini iimpawu ze-HSP?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu umntwana anokubonisa ukuba une-HSP.

Amabala esikhumba `(Purpura)`

Olu luphawu oluphambili nolucacileyo lwe-HSP . Amabala amancinci amfusa abonakala ngathi yimivumbo eluswini. La mabala awabi mthubi xa uwajonga (irhashalala elingabonakali).

• Ezi ndawo zibonakala kakhulu kwimilenze esezantsi kunye neempundu .
• Ngamanye amaxesha la mabala anokubonwa ezandleni, ebusweni, nakwindawo ephakathi yomzimba, njengesifuba nesisu.
• La mabala anokuvela ngequbuliso, okanye anokwanda kancinci kancinci.

Intlungu kunye nokudumba kwamalungu

Kwabaninzi abantwana, iintlungu kunye nokudumba kwamalungu zinokwenzeka malunga neveki okanye ezimbini ngaphambi kokuba kuvele irhashalala elukhumbeni .

• Idla ngokuchaphazela amalungu amadolo namaqatha .
• Ngamanye amaxesha amalungu anjengengqiniba kunye nesandla nawo anokuchaphazeleka.
• Le ntlungu inokwenza kube nzima kumntwana ukuhamba.

Isisu esibuhlungu

Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu kudla ngokuvela emva kokuba kuvela amaqhuqhuva eluswini.

• Usenokuba neentlungu zesisu.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza .
• Abanye abantwana banokuba negazi kwindle yabo (igazi kwi-BMs/kwindle). Olu luphawu ekufuneka luxhalatyiswe.

Iziphumo kwizintso

Kwezinye iimeko, i-HSP inokuchaphazela nezintso .

• Inani elincinci legazi okanye iproteni linokudluliswa ngomchamo .
• Ngamanye amaxesha umchamo ungabonakala ubomvu ngombala (hematuria).
• Nangona oku kungeyonto imbi kakhulu kwiimeko ezininzi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ukuze ajonge ukuba kukho na impembelelo kwizintso.

Iimpawu ze-HSP zihlala malunga nenyanga , emva koko uninzi lwabantwana luyaphila lodwa.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani ngokuchanekileyo i-HSP?

Xa usisa umntwana wakho kugqirha, into yokuqala abayenzayo kukumhlola kakuhle umntwana. Ekubeni loo mabala e-purpura ekho phantse kubo bonke abaguli be-HSP, aluncedo kakhulu koogqirha ekuxilongeni isifo.

Ukongeza, ugqirha angenza iimvavanyo ezifana nezi:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lunokusetyenziswa ukujonga ukusebenza kwezintso, ukujonga usulelo, kunye nokujonga iingxaki zokujiya kwegazi.
• Uvavanyo lomchamo: Jonga igazi okanye iiproteni kumchamo. Oku kunokunika umbono wokuba izintso zichaphazelekile na.
• Uvavanyo lwesitulo: Jonga igazi elikwisitulo.
• I-ultrasound scan: Ukuba umntwana wakho unentlungu eqatha esiswini, oku kunokunceda ekususeni ezinye iingxaki ngaphakathi esiswini, ingakumbi imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-intussusception.

Emva kokwenza zonke ezi mvavanyo, ugqirha ugqiba ukuba unayo na i-HSP kunye nobunzima bayo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-HSP?

Ixesha elininzi, i-HSP iyaphela yodwa ngaphandle konyango oluthile . Ezo ziindaba ezimnandi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-HSP ichaphazele izintso zakho, ngoko unyango lunokufuneka.

Ukuze umntwana wakho azive ekhululekile kwaye elawula iimpawu zakhe, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa amayeza anjengala:

• Ii-antibiotics: Ezi zinikwa kuphela xa kucingwa ukuba i-HSP ibangelwa lusulelo lwebhaktiriya.
• Izithomalalisi zentlungu: Umzekelo, i-acetaminophen (efana ne-paracetamol) inokunceda ekunciphiseni iintlungu zamalungu kunye neentlungu zomzimba.
• Amayeza okulwa nokuvuvukala: Umzekelo, amayeza afana ne-ibuprofen anokunceda ukunciphisa iintlungu kunye nokudumba kwamalungu.
• Ii-Corticosteroids: Umzekelo, amayeza afana ne-prednisone. La mayeza anikwa umntwana kuphela xa enentlungu enzulu esiswini okanye enesifo sezintso. La mayeza afanele asetyenziswe kuphela phantsi kweliso likagqirha.

Izinto onokuzenza ekhaya

Ukongeza kumayeza, kukho izinto onokuzenza ekhaya ukuze umntwana wakho ahlale ekhululekile:

• Mvumele umntwana wakho aphumle kakuhle: Nciphisa ixesha lokubaleka nokudlala, kwaye umkhuthaze ukuba ahlale ebhedini aze afunde incwadi.
• Nika amanzi amaninzi okusela:Ukunika izinto ezifana namanzi kunye nejusi yeziqhamo kunokunceda ekuthinteleni ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
• Ukuba amalungu akho adumbile kwaye abuhlungu: Ungazigcina ziphakanyisiwe okwethutyana, mhlawumbi ude ubeke i-ice pack phezu kwawo ukuba ugqirha wakho uyalele ukuba wenze njalo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukusa umntwana wakho kugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba akafuni ukutya okanye ukusela, ukuba unentlungu enzulu esiswini, okanye ukuba ubonisa iimpawu zeengxaki zezintso (umz., ukuncipha komchamo, ukudumba). Kusenokufuneka alaliswe esibhedlele ukuze afumane unyango.

Ngaba kukho ezinye iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa ye-HSP?

Malunga nesiqingatha sabantwana abane-HSP banokuba nefuthe elithile kwizintso zabo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oku kukuphela kwefuthe elincinci kwaye kuyaphela ngaphandle konyango olukhethekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, abanye abantwana banokuba neemeko ezinzima ezifana nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso. Abantwana abanjalo banokufuna ukubona ingcali yezintso (i-nephrologist) ukuze bavavanywe ngakumbi.

Esinye isifo esingaqhelekanga kodwa esibi kakhulu yi-intussusception. Oku kwenzeka xa inxalenye enye yamathumbu ithelesikopha kwenye inxalenye . Oku kunokuthintela ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kuloo nxalenye kwaye kubangele ukuvaleka. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo ekufuneka inyangwe ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba umntwana wakho ngequbuliso unentlungu yesisu esiqatha, esingapheliyo, uyahlanza, okanye unegazi elifana nejeli esitulweni sakhe, kufuneka ukrokre oku.

Ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizazi

• Eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba, uninzi lwabantwana abafumana i-HSP bayaphila ngokupheleleyo kwinyanga kwaye ababi nazo naziphi na iingxaki zexesha elide.
• Abanye abantwana banokuba ne-HSP kwakhona. Oku kudla ngokwenzeka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kwesiqendu sokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kuyenzeka kwakhona, kudla ngokuba nzima kakhulu kunesiqendu sokuqala .

Ngoko ke, yintoni umyalezo oza kubuya nawo ekhaya kuyo yonke le nto?

Kulungile, ngoko ke, ngokwezinto esizithethileyo, ezi zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka zikhunjulwe:

• I-HSP yimeko enokuchaphazela abantwana abancinci, ibangele ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi. Uphawu oluphambili ngamabala amfusa.
• Uninzi lwexesha, oku kuya kuziphilisa ngokwako.
• Iintlungu zamalungu, isisu esibuhlungu, kunye nomonakalo wezintso unokwenzeka.
• Ukuba ubona amabala angaqhelekanga emzimbeni womntwana wakho, ukuba ukhalaza ngentlungu yesisu, okanye ukuba amalungu akhe abuhlungu, ngokuqinisekileyo mse kugqirha. Musa ukoyika, kodwa funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Landela imiyalelo kagqirha ngononophelo. Nika umntwana wakho ukuphumla okwaneleyo kunye nolwelo.
• Uninzi lwabantwana luyaphila ngokupheleleyo. Lumka ngeengxaki ezingaqhelekanga.

Khumbula, awuwedwa. Oogqirha bakhona ukunceda wena nomntwana wakho. Ukwazi olu hlobo lolwazi kuya kukunika amandla amakhulu okuthatha inyathelo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

Ngoko ke, ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luza kukunceda. Ndikunqwenelela umntwana wakho ukuba aphile ngokukhawuleza!

I- Henoch-Schonlein purpura, i-HSP, izifo zabantwana, amabala esikhumba, i-vasculitis, i-IgA vasculitis, izifo zabantwana