Ngaba wakha weva ngomthambo wegazi omkhulu emzimbeni wakho, i-aorta? Cinga ngayo njengenkqubo ephambili yamanzi emzimbeni wethu. Yiyo ethatha igazi elicocekileyo, elineoksijini entliziyweni ize ilisasaze kuwo onke amanye amalungu omzimba. Imile njengetyhubhu enkulu, egobileyo. Le meko inokuba yingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-Aortic Aneurysm yenzeka kule aorta. Ngoko masithethe ngayo namhlanje.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-aortic aneurysm?
Cinga ngombhobho wamanzi emyezweni wakho. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, indawo kuwo iba buthathaka ize ivuthuluke njengebhaluni phantsi koxinzelelo lwamanzi. Kwenzeka into efanayo kwi-aorta yethu. Xa indawo eludongeni lwe-aorta iba buthathaka ngesizathu esithile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluvela entliziyweni lubangela ukuba loo ndawo ibuthathaka ivuthuluke njengebhaluni. Olu vuthu lubizwa ngokuba yi-Aortic Aneurysm.
Uyazi ukuba kutheni oku kuyingozi? Oku kudumba okufana nebhaluni kuya kusanda kancinci kancinci kwaye kunokugqabhuka ngequbuliso (ukuqhekeka). Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, umzimba uqala ukopha kakhulu. Yimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi kakhulu.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-aortic aneurysm:
Ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni le qhubu ivela phi kwi-aorta, siyahlulahlula ibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili. Kulula kakhulu ukuyiqonda le nto.
| Uhlobo lwe-aneurysm | Iphi le ndawo? |
|---|---|
| I-Aneurysm ye-Aortic yesisu (AAA) | Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Luvela kwinxalenye esezantsi ye-aorta, eyinxalenye edlula esiswini (esiswini). |
| I-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA) | Olu hlobo lwenzeka kwinxalenye ye-aorta edlula esifubeni. Ngokukodwa, kwinxalenye egobayo ibe yimo yonobumba u-'U' eqala entliziyweni. Abantu abanezifo ezithile ezizuzwe njengelifa, ezifana ne -Marfan syndrome, banokuhlakulela olu hlobo lwe-aneurysm. |
Kwezi ntlobo zimbini, i-AAA esiswini yeyona ixhaphakileyo. Oku kusenokuba kungenxa yokuba udonga lomthambo esiswini luncinci kancinci kunodonga lomthambo osesifubeni.
Ingaba le meko ixhaphakile? Ngubani osengozini enkulu?
I-Aortic aneurysms idla ngokuba yimeko ethuleyo . Amadoda anamathuba aphindwe kane ukuya kathandathu okuba ne-AAA kunabasetyhini, ingakumbi esiswini. Umngcipheko uyanda ngokukhula.
Ukwasemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana i-aortic aneurysm ukuba unezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Ukutshaya: Le yeyona nto iphambili neyona ilawula umngcipheko.
- Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala: Njengoko ukhula, amandla eendonga zakho zemithambo yegazi anokuncipha.
- Ukuba uyindoda: Le meko ixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwamadoda.
- Imbali yosapho: Ukuba ilungu losapho elisondeleyo (umama, utata, umntakwenu okanye umntakwabo) liye lanale meko, nawe usengozini enkulu.
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu): Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lungonakalisa udonga lwemithambo yegazi luze luyenze buthathaka.
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu?
Kudla ngokuba nzima ukufumana unobangela othile woku, kodwa kufumaniseke ukuba iimeko ezithile zinokuba negalelo kuko.
- I-atherosclerosis: I-cholesterol namafutha aqokelelana ngaphakathi kweendonga zemithambo yegazi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba imithambo yegazi inciphe kwaye iqine. Oku kwenza buthathaka iindonga zemithambo yegazi.
- Ukudumba kwimithambo yegazi: Ezinye izifo zinokubangela ukuba iindonga zemithambo yegazi zidumbe kwaye zibe buthathaka.
- Izifo ezidluliselwa kwilifa: Izifo zemfuza ezichaphazela izicubu ezinxibelelanayo, ezifana ne-Marfan syndrome kunye ne-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, zinokubangela ubuthathaka bokuzalwa kweendonga zemithambo yegazi.
- Ukulimala kwe-aorta: Ukonakala kwe-aorta, njengokulimala okubangelwe yingozi enkulu.
- Ezinye izifo: Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa ziibhaktheriya, ezifana ne-syphilis, nazo azinakubangela oku rhoqo.
Zithini iimpawu zoku? Sikwazi njani?
Le yeyona nxalenye iyingozi kakhulu yesi sifo. Abantu abaninzi abanazo iimpawu. Abazi nokuba banaso de kuqhambuke i-aneurysm. Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba "ngumbulali othuleyo."
Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokufumana iimpawu njengoko i-aneurysm ikhula kancinci kancinci. Kwakhona, ukuba iyaqhambuka, iimpawu ziba ngequbuliso kwaye zinzima kakhulu. Makhe sijonge ezi zimbini ngokwahlukeneyo.
| Iimpawu ze-Aortic Aneurysm | |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu ezinokwenzeka njengoko i-aneurysm ikhula kancinci kancinci | |
| |
| Iimpawu zokuqhuma kwe-aneurysm ngequbuliso - Le yimeko engxamisekileyo! | |
|
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ze-aneurysm ephukileyo, yingxamiseko yezonyango. Musa ukulibazisa kwaye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo lesibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza .
Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?
Eyona ngxaki inzima neyingozi kukuqhekeka kwe-aneurysm, okunokubangela ukopha emzimbeni kunye nokufa.
Ukongeza, kukho enye imeko eyingozi enokwenzeka. Ibizwa ngokuba yi -aortic dissection . Okwenzekayo apha kukuba kubekho ukukrazuka okuncinci kulwelo olungaphakathi lodonga lwemithambo yegazi, kwaye igazi eliphuma kulo phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu livuza phakathi kweleya zodonga. Oku kunokuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi ngaphakathi kolwelo, kwaye ekugqibeleni umthambo wegazi ungaqhuma ngokupheleleyo. Le yimeko efuna unyango olungxamisekileyo.
Ugqirha uyifumana njani le nto?
Amaxesha amaninzi, le meko ifunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo lwenye imeko. Umzekelo, i-aneurysm yesisu inokufunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kwentlungu yesisu.
Ukuba unezinto ezinobungozi okanye iimpawu ezichazwe apha ngasentla, ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela uvavanyo oluthile ukuze ajonge le meko.
- Iskeni ye-CT
- I-CT okanye i-MRI angiography - Oku kuyibona ngokucacileyo indlela igazi elihamba ngayo ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi.
- I-ultrasound (i-ultrasound scan)
Ukuba ifunyenwe ngaphambi kokuba iqhume... yintoni unyango?
Ukuba i-aneurysm ifunyenwe ngaphambi kokuba iqhume, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuyilawula. Unyango luxhomekeke kubukhulu be-aneurysm, indawo ekuyo, kunye nokuba ikhula ngokukhawuleza kangakanani.
- Kwi-aneurysms encinci (ukulinda ngononophelo): Ukuba i-aneurysm incinci kwaye ayikhuli ngokukhawuleza, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni ayijonge ngaphandle kotyando. Uya kwenziwa iiskeni rhoqo ukuze ubone ukuba iyatshintsha na ngobukhulu.
- Amayeza: Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza athile okunciphisa uxinzelelo eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi nokulawula isantya sokukhula kwe-aneurysm.
- Amayeza okulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi.
- Amayeza anciphisa amanqanaba e-cholesterol egazini.
Udinga nini utyando?
Ukuba i-aneurysm inkulu kunobukhulu obuthile, ikhula ngokukhawuleza, okanye ukuba ugqirha ucinga ukuba iza kuqhuma, utyando lunokucetyiswa. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zotyando.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Into oyenzayo ilula. |
|---|---|
| Ukulungiswa kwe-Aneurysm evulekileyo | Le yindlela yotyando yendabuko. Kule nkqubo, ugqirha uvula isisu okanye isifuba, asuse inxalenye evuvukileyo yomthambo, aze ayifake ityhubhu yokwenziwa (i-graft). Olu tyando ludla ngokwenziwa kwimeko engxamisekileyo yokuqhuma kwe-aneurysm. |
| Utyando olungenalo utyando (Ukulungiswa kwe-Endovascular Aneurysm - EVAR) | Le yindlela entsha. Endaweni yokwenza umngxuma omkhulu, kufakwa i-catheter (ityhubhu encinci) ngomngxuma omncinci kwi-groin, kwaye ityhubhu yokwenziwa eguquguqukayo idluliselwa kuyo iye kwi-aneurysm, apho yoluliwe khona kwaye udonga lwemithambo luqiniswa. Le ndlela ikwabizwa ngokuba yi- (TEVAR) okanye (FEVAR) . |
Ngaba singakuthintela oku ukuba kungenzeki?
Nangona singenakutshintsha ezinye izinto ezinobungozi (ezifana nobudala kunye nemfuza), singawunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokufumana le meko iyingozi ngokutshintsha indlela esiphila ngayo.
- Yeka ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo: Ukuba ungumntu otshayayo, ukuyeka namhlanje sesona sigqibo silungileyo onokusenza.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo nentliziyo: yitya ioyile encinci, ityuwa, neswekile, kwaye yitya imifuno, iziqhamo, kunye nemifuno eluhlaza.
- Zilolonge rhoqo: Yenza umthambo olula njengokuhamba ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.
- Gcina ubunzima bakho busempilweni.
- Ukuba une-high blood pressure okanye i-cholesterol, landela icebiso likagqirha wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Aortic aneurysm iyenzeka xa udonga lomthambo wegazi oyintloko womzimba wethu lubuthathaka kwaye luvuthuluka njengebhaluni.
- Ixesha elininzi, ayibonisi zimpawu de iqhume. Yiyo loo nto iyingozi kangaka.
- Ukutshaya, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ukuba neminyaka engaphezu kwama-65 ubudala, kunye nembali yosapho zezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela umngcipheko.
- Ukuba ufumana isifuba esibuhlungu ngequbuliso, iintlungu zesisu okanye umqolo, isiyezi, okanye ezinye iimpawu, yingxamiseko leyo. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo lesibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
- Indlela yokuphila esempilweni inokunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana esi sifo.
- Ukuba ukwiqela elisengozini, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho uze ufumane uvavanyo olufunekayo.
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