Ingaba ukutya kuyanamathela emqaleni? Ingaba yiloo nto '(Umoya)'? Masiqaphele oku!

Ngaba wakha wakhwehlela ngequbuliso okanye waqaqanjelwa ngumphimbo ngelixa usitya okanye usela? Okanye wakha wambona umntu omdala okanye umntwana omncinci endlwini yakho esenza oku? Sidla ngokukubiza oku ngokuthi "ukuhamba ngendlela engafanelekanga" okanye "ukukrwitshwa." Uninzi lwexesha, kuyacaphukisa kancinci, kodwa ungayeka emva kwexesha elithile. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yingozi kancinci, ingakumbi ukuba kwenzeka rhoqo. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi- "Aspiration." Ukuze nditsho ngokuchanekileyo, eli ligama lezonyango lalo.

Yintoni le `(Umnqweno)`?

Ngamafutshane, "(Ukuphefumla)" kuxa into engeyiyo umoya ingena kwiindlela zethu zomoya , indlela esiphefumla ngayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kwenzeka xa into esizama ukuyiginya, okanye into ethile evela kwinkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya, isiya ngendlela engalunganga. Cinga ngayo, izinto ezinje zinokwenzeka:

• Ukutya
• Amanzi okanye ezinye izinto ezilulwelo
• I-asidi yesisu
• Ukuhlanza
• I-mucus okanye amathe emlonyeni okanye emqaleni
• Into evela ngaphandle, umzekelo ithoyizi elincinci `(Into yangaphandle)`

Sonke siye seva intetho ethi “ingene ngepayipi engalunganga.” Amaxesha amaninzi, xa oko kusenzeka, unokutyhala ukutya okanye amanzi ngaphandle kwaye kuya kuvakala ngathi kukuxinana okuncinci. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, oku kunokubangela ukuphefumla okufutshane, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye usulelo lwemiphunga.

Zithini iimpawu ze-"(Aspiration)"?

Ngoku makhe sijonge iimpawu ze-`(Aspiration)`. Jonga ukuba unayo na enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi:

• Ukukhohlela rhoqo, ingakumbi emva kokutya okanye ukusela.
• Ukuziva ngathi kukho into ebambeke emqaleni.
• Isandi esingaqhelekanga xa uphefumla. Isenokuba sisandi esirhabaxa (i-stridor) okanye isandi somlozi (ukuphefumla).
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla) okanye ukuphefumla kancinci.
• I-Cyanosis yimibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yolusu, imilebe, kunye neminwe. Oku kwenzeka xa umzimba ungafumani ioksijini eyaneleyo.
• Ubunzima bokuginya (dysphagia). Ubunzima bokuginya ukutya nokusela.
• Ukuxinana kwesifuba rhoqo okanye inyumoniya.
• Ukwehla kobunzima obungachazekiyo (kusenokuba kubangelwa kubunzima bokuginya)
• Ifiva.

Kutheni le nto `(Umnqweno)` isenzeka?

Kulungile, masibone ukuba kutheni oku kusenzeka. Uyazi, sineetyhubhu ezimbini ecaleni komnye nomnye emqaleni wethu. Omnye ngumbhobho wokutya, obizwa ngokuba yi-esophagus . Omnye ngumbhobho wokuphefumla, obizwa ngokuba yi-trachea/windpipe . Zombini ezi zikwindawo ephezulu yomqala, obizwa ngokuba yi-pharynx.Ziyadibana xa kuthethwa ngazo.

Ixesha elininzi, umoya esiwungenisayo ngeempumlo okanye ngomlomo wethu uhla ngqo kulo mbhobho womoya uye emiphungeni. Kodwa xa siginya, kukho iqhekeza le-cartilage elibizwa ngokuba yi-epiglottis . Lisebenza njengesiciko. Xa siginya, esi siciko siyawuvala umbhobho womoya. Emva koko ukutya kuhamba ngendlela engalunganga, kungekuko kumbhobho womoya, kodwa ngqo kumqala womqala. Uyaqonda?

Ngoko ke, ngamanye amaxesha ukuba le epiglottis ayisebenzi kakuhle, okanye ukuba ivaleka kade, izinto esiziginyayo zinokungena kumbhobho womoya. Kulapho ke kwenzeka khona '(Aspiration)'. Kwakhona, umzimba wethu uneendlela ezimbini zokuzikhusela ezibizwa ngokuba yi-cough reflex kunye ne-gag reflex. Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukususa izinto ezihambe kakubi. Ukuba ezi mpendulo zibuthathaka ngandlela thile, ngoko ke '(Aspiration)' kunokwenzeka ukuba yenzeke. Kuba ke ngoko kuba nzima emzimbeni ukususa izinto ezihambe kakubi.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufunxwa?

Sonke siye safumana ukutya okanye isiselo esincinci esibambeke emqaleni wethu ngaxa lithile. Mhlawumbi kuxa umntu ngequbuliso ethetha nathi xa sisela amanzi, okanye xa ngempazamo siwisa iqhekeza lokutya kwindawo engafanelekanga. Kodwa ezinye iimeko zonyango kunye namayeza anokunyusa umngcipheko wokufunxa. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• Iimithi zokuthomalalisa. Ukongeza kumayeza abhalwe ngugqirha, amanye amayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, kunye notywala kunye neziyobisi, zinokubangela ukozela kunye nokunciphisa ukuphaphama. Ii-opioids ludidi lwamayeza aziwayo anesiphumo sokuthomalalisa. Ukuzithatha ezi zinto kunokwenza buthathaka ii-reflexes zokukhusela esithethe ngazo ngaphambili.
• Izifo zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi. Ezi zifo zinokunciphisa ukusabela kwendalo komzimba okusikhusela ekufuneni ukutya. Imizekelo ibandakanya istroke , iithumba zobuchopho , kunye nesifo sikaParkinson . Ezi zakhono zinokuba buthathaka njengoko sikhula.
• Iingxaki ze-neuromuscular. Ezi zizifo ezichaphazela imithambo-luvo okanye izihlunu. Umzekelo, unokuba ne-myasthenia gravis okanye i-Guillain-Barré syndrome. Ezi zifo zinokubangela ukuba izihlunu zingasebenzi kakuhle ukuthintela ukufunxa.
• I-GERD (isifo se-gastroesophageal reflux) kunye neengxaki zokunyakaza kwamathumbu. I-GERD kukubuyela kwe-asidi yesisu. Kwiimeko ezifana ne-achalasia, inani elikhulu le-asidi yesisu linokubuyela kwi-esophagus. Le asidi inokuvuza iye kwi-windpipe.
• Umahluko kwi-anatomiki. Abanye abantu banokuba nomahluko wokuzalwa kwindlela yabo yomoya okanye umphimbo. Umzekelo:Ukuba unesifo esifana ne-tracheoesophageal fistula, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba ukutya nokusela kuya kuhamba ngendlela engafanelekanga.
• Izixhobo zonyango. Ngamanye amaxesha, izinto ezifana neetyhubhu ze-nasogastric (NG) zinokubangela ukuba ii-epiglottis esithethe ngazo ngaphambili zingasebenzi kakuhle.

Kwakhona, iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa zisengozini yokuhlaselwa yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Meconium aspiration syndrome." Oku kuthetha ukuba indle yokuqala yomntwana (i-meconium), into etyebileyo nenamathelayo, ingena kwindlela yomoya, nokuba ngaphambi okanye ekuzalweni.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-`(Aspiration)`?

Ngoku mhlawumbi ucinga, 'Owu, yintoni leyo, ukuba ibambeka kancinci, ungayikhupha nje.' Ewe, uninzi lwexesha iyayenza loo nto. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi ukuba awukwazi ukulahla into ehambe ngendlela engafanelekanga, inokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu. Nazi ezi zinto:

• I-Aspiration pneumonia. Le yeyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo neyingozi. Lusulelo oluvela kwimiphunga olubangelwa zizinto ezingene kwindlela yokuphefumla.
• Ithumba lemiphunga. Ingqokelela yobomvu ngaphakathi emiphungeni, nto leyo eyenza ithumba.
• I-Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Le yimeko eyenza ukuphefumla kube nzima kakhulu kwaye inokuba yingozi ebomini.
• Imiphunga ephukileyo/i-pneumothorax.
• Ukuzaliswa komoya phakathi kwemiphunga nodonga lwesifuba (pneumomediastinum).
• Ukudumba kwemiphunga (i-pneumonitis). Oku kusenokungabi ngenxa yosulelo, kodwa kusenokubangelwa kukonakala kweekhemikhali okuvela kwinto efana ne-asidi yesisu.
• Ukufuthaniseka kukufa ngokufuthaniseka. Le meko inokwenzeka ukuba indlela yomoya ivalekile ngokupheleleyo okanye ukuba kukho ulwelo oluninzi olungena emzimbeni, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umzimba ungabi nayo ioksijini.

Olu hlobo lwengxaki enkulu lunokwenzeka ngakumbi xa uphefumla ungaqondanga (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-silent aspiration), okanye ukuba uhlanza ngelixa iqondo lakho lokuqonda liphantsi (umzekelo, ukuba ubusebenzisa utywala, iipilisi zokulala, okanye ezinye iziyobisi).

Uyibona njani imeko ethi ``(Aspiration)``?

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho nokuba uyakhumbula na ukuba une-aspiration, ugqirha unokwenza olu vavanyo lulandelayo ukuze afumanise imeko okanye iingxaki zayo:

• I-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan.
• I-Bronchoscopy: Oku kuquka ukufaka ityhubhu enekhamera encinci kwindlela yomoya ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho into evalekileyo okanye eyonakeleyo.
• Ukuphuhliswa kwe-sputum. Ukufumanisa ukuba kukho usulelo na kunye nokuba yintoni ebangela oko.
• Izifundo zokuginya.Ngamanye amaxesha kwenziwa uvavanyo olukhethekileyo ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho ingxaki na ngokuginya.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba ukhe waba ne-aspiration, okanye ukuba unesifo ocinga ukuba singakukhokelela kwi-aspiration ungaqondanga, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho.

Uyiphatha njani i-``(Aspiration)``?

Oogqirha banyanga i-"Aspiration" ngokususa ukutya okanye enye into engene kwindlela yomoya, ukuba kunokwenzeka. Ngamanye amaxesha ingasuswa ngexesha elinye ne- "Bronchoscopy" ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili. Ukuba kukho into ebambeke emqaleni wakho kwaye udinga unyango olungxamisekileyo, baya kusebenzisa iindlela ezifana ne-"Heimlich maneuver" ukuzama ukuyikhupha.

Ukongeza, ungenza oku kulandelayo ukugcina indlela yakho yomoya ivulekile kwaye unyange iingxaki:

• Ioksijini eyongezelelweyo.
• IiBronchodilators: Ezi zisebenza ngokwandisa kancinci imigudu yomoya.
• Ii-antibiotics. Ukuba kukho usulelo.

Ukuba unesifo esithile esikubangela ukuba ube sengozini enkulu yokufunxa, usenokufuna ukuqhubeka ufumana unyango lwaloo meko. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhe wafunxa kwaye unako ukuyikhupha, kwaye awunaso esinye isifo esikubangelayo, usenokungadingi naluphi na unyango olukhethekileyo.

Ngaba iya kuba ngcono ngokuzenzekelayo xa sele iyinto ethi `(Aspiration)`?

Umzimba wakho ungasusa ulwelo oluncinci kunye namasuntswana amancinci emiphungeni yakho nakwindlela yomoya. Ukwenza oku ngokuwabamba kwi-mucus aze awanyuse ngezakhiwo ezincinci ezifana neenwele ezibizwa ngokuba yi-"cilia" ukuze azikhuphe. Umzimba unokuzigaya nokuzifunxa.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukutya okuninzi, ulwelo, okanye ezinye izinto zingena kwindlela yomoya, iintsholongwane zinokukhula zize zibangele usulelo. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi ukuba inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela yomzimba ibuthathaka. Kwakhona, ukuba i-asidi yesisu ingena kwindlela yomoya, inokonakalisa indlela yomoya ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ngaba ukufutha kungathintelwa?

Ewe, zikho izinto esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufuna ukutya okuninzi. Kubalulekile ukulawula naziphi na iimeko zempilo ezifihlakeleyo, ingakumbi ukuba unazo, kwaye ulandele amanyathelo athile xa usitya kwaye usela ukuze ukutya kwakho kudlule ngendlela efanelekileyo.

Ingcali yezentetho ingakufundisa iindlela ezithile zokunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokufumana isifiso sokuphefumla. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso eziqhelekileyo:

• Hlala uthe nkqo xa usitya naxa usela. Musa ukutya okanye ukusela xa ugobile okanye ulele phantsi.
• Gcina umzimba wakho uthe nkqo (ubuncinane kwi-engile ye-45-degrees) ubuncinane iyure emva kokutya. Musa ukulala phantsi ngelixa usitya.
• Sika ukutya kube ziingceba ezincinci, ukuhlafune kakuhle, uze ukuginye. Musa ukutya ngokungxama.
• Sebenzisa iindlela zokuginya ngokuzimisela. Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa izihlunu zomqala wakho ukutyhala ukutya ngenkani uze uginye. Buza ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yokuthetha ngale nto.
• Nciphisa ukuthetha nokuhleka ngelixa usitya.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha malunga `(Aspiration)`?

Ukuba unesifo esikwenza ube nethuba elikhulu lokuba ne-aspiration, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela yokuyithintela. Uza kukuxelela ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka uziqaphele kwaye nini apho kufuneka ufumane khona ingcebiso kagqirha. Ukuba unesifo somqala okanye ukukhwehlela rhoqo, musa ukusityeshela njengesiqhelo.

Ndingaya nini kwigumbi likaxakeka?

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu , kufuneka utsalele umnxeba ku-1990 ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane:

• Ukuba awukwazi ukuginya ngendlela eqhelekileyo.
• Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla, ukuba uziva ngathi uyafuthaniseka.
• Ukuba ulusu lwakho, imilebe, okanye iinzipho zijika zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye zibe mfusa.
• Ukuba unentlungu eqatha esifubeni.
• Ukuba uvakalelwa ngamandla ukuba ukutya okanye into inamathele emqaleni okanye kwindlela yomoya, kwaye awukwazi ukuyikhupha, nokuba usebenzisa ifolokhwe.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ukubuza imibuzo efana nale xa ubona ugqirha wakho kunokukunceda uqonde kwaye ulawule le meko:

• Yintoni ebangela ukuba le meko "(yokuphefumla)" ihlale isenzeka kum?
• Ndingawunciphisa njani lo mngcipheko wokuba ``(Umoya)'' ebomini bam bemihla ngemihla?
• Zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka ndiziqwalasele ngokukodwa?
• Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zoku? Yintoni engcono kum?

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Uninzi lwethu luye lwafumana ukutya "okungahambi kakuhle" nokubhajwa emiqaleni yethu. Izihlandlo ezininzi, imizimba yethu ikhupha okanye ifunxe iziqwenga ezincinci okanye ulwelo. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, ingakumbi kwiimeko zonyango ezifihlakeleyo, olu "mnqweno" lunokuba yingozi. Ke ngoko, thetha nogqirha wakho ngeendlela onokunciphisa ngazo umngcipheko wakho "womnqweno." Ukuba uneempawu ocinga ukuba zibangelwa "kumnqweno," ungathandabuzi ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha. Ukunyamekela impilo yakho yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.

Ukuxinana komphimbo , ukuphefumla, indlela yomoya, ukuvaleka kokutya, inyumoniya, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ubunzima bokuginya