Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi awukwazi ukunyuka izinyuko okanye ukuhamba imigama emide njengoko ubuqhele ukwenza? Ngaba ukufumanisa kunzima ukuphefumla nangona usenza imisebenzi emincinci? Okanye iinyawo zakho ziyavuvukala kwaye awukwazi nokugqoka izihlangu zakho? Ngelixa abantu abaninzi becinga oku njengokudinwa okuqhelekileyo, ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho isizathu esinzulu ngakumbi emva koku. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko enjalo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Ischemic Cardiomyopathy', isifo apho izihlunu zentliziyo ziba buthathaka ngenxa yokuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya entliziyweni.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy?
Khawucinge ukuba umzimba wethu sisixeko esikhulu. Intliziyo yeyona ndawo iphambili yokumpompa amanzi esinika loo dolophu amanzi. Ukuze esi sixhobo sokumpompa (intliziyo) siqhubeke sisebenza, sidinga nomthombo wamandla owahlukileyo, oko kukuthi, unikezelo lwegazi. Le mithambo yegazi enika igazi entliziyweni siyibiza ngokuba yimithambo yentliziyo.
Khawucinge nje, kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba le mithambo yentliziyo iqala ukuvaleka? Njengokuba imibhobho yamanzi ivaleka ngumhlaba kwaye ukuhamba kwamanzi kuncipha, izinto ezifana ne-cholesterol namafutha ziyafakwa ngaphakathi kwezi mithambo kwaye ukuhamba kwegazi kuyancipha. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yiCoronary Artery Disease .
Xa olu hambo lwegazi lunciphile, imisipha yentliziyo ayifumani ioksijini kunye nezondlo ezifunekayo. Kanye njengokuba umthi ufa kancinci kancinci xa ungenamanzi, imisipha yentliziyo nayo iqala ukuba buthathaka ize yonakale. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, le ntliziyo ibuthathaka ayikwazi ukupompa inani legazi elifunekayo emzimbeni. I-ventricle yasekhohlo, igumbi eliphambili lokupompa lentliziyo, iba buthathaka kwaye ikhule. Le yimeko epheleleyo esiyibiza ngokuba yi-'Ischemic Cardiomyopathy'.
Ngamafutshane, esi sifo sisifo apho izihlunu zentliziyo ziba buthathaka ngenxa yokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni, nto leyo enciphisa amandla entliziyo okupompa . Esi sesona sizathu siphambili sokusilela kwentliziyo ehlabathini.
Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo? Sizibona njani?
Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi mpawu azibonakali ngaxeshanye. Zikhula kancinci kancinci. Abanye abantu banokuba nale meko ngaphandle kweempawu kwaphela. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimpawu ezimbalwa eziqhelekileyo.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla) | Ukuphefumla kwenzeka ngakumbi xa usenza umthambo (uhamba, unyuka izinyuko). Njengoko isifo siqhubeka, unokuba nobunzima bokuphefumla nokuba umi nje okanye ulele phantsi. Oku kungenxa yokuba intliziyo ibuthathaka kwaye ayikwazi ukupompa igazi ukuya emiphungeni ngokufanelekileyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ulwelo luqokeleleke emiphungeni. |
| Ukudumba kwemilenze neenyawo (i-Edema) | Ngenxa yokuba intliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi ngokufanelekileyo, ulwelo luqala ukuqokelelana kwiindawo ezisezantsi zomzimba, ingakumbi imilenze nasemaqatheni. Ukuba uziva urhawuzelelwa xa ucinezela ezo ndawo ngomnwe wakho, oku kungaba luphawu. |
| Ukudinwa okunganyamezelekiyo kunye nokudinwa `(Ukudinwa)` | Ngenxa yokuba amalungu omzimba awafumani ioksijini kunye nezondlo azidingayo, usenokuziva udiniwe kangangokuba awukwazi nokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. |
| Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukuxinana (i-Angina) | Oku akwenzeki kuwo wonke umntu. Kodwa xa intliziyo ingafumani gazi laneleyo, ingakumbi xa udiniwe, ungaziva uxinezelekile okanye ubunzima esifubeni sakho. |
| Ukungaqheleki kwentliziyo (i-Arrhythmia) | Ukubetha kwentliziyo kungavakala ngathi intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza okanye ibetha ngokutsiba. Oku kungenxa yokuba inkqubo yombane yentliziyo nayo ichaphazelekile. |
| Isiyezi kunye nokungabi nangqondo | Xa ingqondo ingafumani igazi elaneleyo, ungaziva unesiyezi kwaye ngamanye amaxesha uphelelwe ngamandla. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ukuba unale mpawu, ubone ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza, ngaphandle kokuthatha isigqibo sokuba "oku kuqhelekile."
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, unobangela oyintloko sisifo semithambo yegazi emithanjeni yegazi.Oko kuthetha ukuba imithambo yegazi ethwala igazi entliziyweni ivalekile. Ukongeza, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kwangaphambili nako kuyimbangela enkulu. Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kuxa ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kwinxalenye yentliziyo kunqanyulwa ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba izicubu kuloo nxalenye zife.
Ngoko ke, izinto ezibangela umngcipheko ezibangela ukuphuhliswa kwesifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo nazo zinegalelo ekuphuhlisweni kwe-'Ischemic Cardiomyopathy'.
Izinto ezinobungozi:
- Uxinzelelo Lwegazi Oluphezulu: Xa uxinzelelo lwegazi lusanda, imithambo yegazi yonakala kwaye amathuba okuba i-cholesterol ibekwe ngaphakathi kuyo ayanda.
- Isifo seswekile: Isifo seswekile sikwabangela umonakalo eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi.
- I-Cholesterol Ephezulu: Xa ubungakanani be-cholesterol embi (LDL) egazini busanda, buhlala kwimithambo yegazi kwaye buvale ukuhamba kwegazi.
- Ukusebenzisa icuba (ukutshaya): Ukutshaya yeyona nto ibangela umonakalo omkhulu kwimithambo yegazi.
- Imbali yosapho: Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho (umama, utata, abantakwenu noodadewabo) owayenesifo sentliziyo esemncinci, nawe usengozini enkulu.
- Ukutyeba kakhulu kunye nokutyeba kakhulu: Xa utyeba kakhulu, intliziyo yakho isebenza nzima. Ikwanyusa umngcipheko wokuba nezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye ne-cholesterol.
- Ukungazilolongi: Indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phantsi ikwayimbangela enkulu yoku.
Ugqirha ufumanisa njani esi sifo kanye kanye?
Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kuqala akuphulaphule ngononophelo iimpawu zakho kunye nembali yempilo yosapho lwakho. Emva koko uza kuhlola umzimba wakho. Ukongeza, uza kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo.
- Uvavanyo lweGazi: Jonga izinto ezifana namanqanaba e-cholesterol, amanqanaba eswekile, kunye nokusebenza kwezintso.
- I-Electrocardiogram (ECG): Olu vavanyo lurekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo kwaye lunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba kukho uhlaselo lwentliziyo ngaphambili okanye kukho naziphi na iingxaki kwisingqisho sentliziyo.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Jonga ukuba intliziyo ikhulisile na kunye nolwelo oluqokelelene emiphungeni.
- I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Oku kufana nokuskena kwentliziyo. Kusebenzisa amaza esandi ukubona ngokucacileyo amagumbi entliziyo, iivalvu, kunye nendlela imisipha yentliziyo ephampa ngayo (i-Ejection Fraction). Olu luvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu lokufumanisa esi sifo.
- Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lomzimba: I-ECG ithathwa xa uhamba kwi-treadmill ukuze kubonwe ukuba intliziyo yakho ifumana igazi elaneleyo na xa usenza umthambo.
- I-Catheterization yentliziyo / i-Angiogram: Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokubona kakuhle ukuba imithambo yegazi yentliziyo yakho ivaliwe na. Ityhubhu encinci ifakwa ngomthambo osengalweni okanye emlenzeni, idluliselwe kwimithambo yegazi yentliziyo yakho, kufakwe idayi ekhethekileyo, kwaye kuthathwa i-X-ray. Oku kubonisa ngqo ukuba imithambo yegazi ivaliwe kangakanani.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Kukho iinjongo ezintathu eziphambili zonyango:
1. Nyanga unobangela (oko kukuthi isifo semithambo yegazi emithanjeni yentliziyo).
2. Ukuphucula ukusebenza kwentliziyo.
3. Nciphisa iimpawu kwaye uphucule umgangatho wobomi.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iindlela ezininzi zonyango zisetyenziswa kunye.
1. Amayeza (iintlobo zamayeza)
Amayeza anikwa le njongo anciphisa umthwalo entliziyweni, aphucula ukusebenza kwentliziyo, kwaye athintele iingxaki ezongezelelweyo.
| Udidi lweziyobisi | Ukusebenza (kulula) |
|---|---|
| Ii-Beta-blockers | Ilawula ukubetha kwentliziyo kancinci kwaye inciphisa umthwalo entliziyweni. |
| Ii-ACE Inhibitors / ii-ARB | Iyandisa imithambo yegazi, inciphisa uxinzelelo, kwaye yenza kube lula ngentliziyo ukupompa igazi. |
| Iziyobisi zomchamo | Zinceda ekususeni amanzi agqithisileyo aqokelelene emzimbeni ngomchamo. Ezi ziluncedo kakhulu ekudumbeni emilenzeni nasezinyaweni. |
| Izinto ezilwa nokugabha kwegazi | Zithintela ukujiya kwegazi. Ezi zinikwa aba bantu kuba basengozini yokujiya kwegazi kunye nokuhlaselwa sisifo sohlangothi. |
| Iistatini | Iyanciphisa amanqanaba e-cholesterol kwaye ithintela ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ngakumbi. |
Kubalulekile:Kubalulekile ukuthatha amayeza owanikwe ngugqirha wakho kanye njengoko eyalelwe, ngexesha elifanelekileyo, nangedosi efanelekileyo. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza akho okanye utshintshe idosi ngokwakho.
2. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
Ukwenza ezi zinto kubaluleke njengokusela amayeza.
- Ukulawula ityuwa: Nciphisa ubungakanani betyuwa oyityayo ngosuku. Ityuwa ayisiyo ityuwa oyongeza ekutyeni kwakho kuphela. Kukwakho netyuwa efihliweyo kwizinto ezifana nokutya okulungisiweyo, iisosi, i-ketchup, iibhisikithi kunye nesonka.
- Ukuzilolonga: Ngokwengcebiso kagqirha wakho, yenza umthambo ngokwenqanaba onokukwazi ukulisebenzisa. Nokuba uhamba nje imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku kulungile.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukutya okunempilo: Yitya imifuno emininzi, iziqhamo, iimbotyi, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo. Nciphisa ukutya okuneoyile eninzi, iswekile, kunye nomgubo.
- Ukulawula ubunzima: Gcina ubunzima bakho bufanelekile ngokweenqanaba lakho lobude.
3. Utyando kunye nolunye unyango
Ukuba imeko ayinakulawulwa ngamayeza kunye notshintsho lwendlela yokuphila kuphela, ugqirha angakuthumela kwezinye iindlela zonyango.
- I-Angioplasty kunye ne-Stents: Ngexesha le-angiogram, umthambo wegazi ovalekileyo uvuthelwa ngesixhobo esifana nebhaluni, kwaye isixhobo esincinci esifana ne-mesh esibizwa ngokuba yi-stent sifakwa ngaphakathi ukuze sithintelwe ukuba singavaleki kwakhona.
- Utyando lweCoronary Artery Bypass: Ukuba umthambo wegazi uvalekile kwiindawo ezininzi, kwenziwa indlela entsha ngokusebenzisa umthambo wegazi othathwe kwenye indawo yomzimba (umlenze okanye isifuba) ukuze udlule kwindawo evalekileyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba lutyando 'lwe-bypass'.
- Izixhobo Ezifakelwayo: Ukuba isantya sentliziyo asihambelani kakuhle okanye amandla okumpompa kwentliziyo abuthathaka kakhulu, isixhobo esincinci se-elektroniki esifana ne-`ICD (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator)` okanye `CRT (Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy)` singafakwa phantsi kwesikhumba sesifuba. Ezi zilawula isigqi sentliziyo.
- Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo: Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo okunempilo kuthathwa njengesisombululo sokugqibela kwizigulana ezikwinqanaba elinzima lesi sifo ezingakhange zisabele kolunye unyango.
Ngaba esi sifo singathintelwa?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela i-'Ischemic Cardiomyopathy' kukuthintela isifo semithambo yentliziyo esibangela ukuba singakhuli. Oko kuthetha ukulawula izinto ezinobungozi esizixubushileyo ngaphambili.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo.
- Zilolonge rhoqo.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo.
- Lawula ubunzima bomzimba wakho.
- Ukuba unezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye i-cholesterol, zilawule kakuhle ngokwemiyalelo kagqirha wakho.
- Lawula uxinzelelo.
Ufanele uye nini esibhedlele (ETU) ngoko nangoko?
Ukuba unesi sifo okanye usemngciphekweni wesifo sentliziyo, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) ngoko nangoko ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo:
- Ukuba unentlungu eqatha esifubeni okanye uziva ngathi uxinene esifubeni sakho.
- Ukuba uziva kunzima kakhulu ukuphefumla.
- Ukuba uziva ukozela okanye isiyezi.
Ekubeni ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, ukufuna unyango ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha kunokusindisa nobomi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy yimeko apho izihlunu zentliziyo ziba buthathaka ngenxa yokuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni, nto leyo enciphisa amandla ayo okumpompa.
- Iimpawu eziphambili zoku ziquka ukudinwa, ukudumba kwemilenze, kunye nokudinwa kakhulu. Musa ukuzityeshela ezi zinto njengesiqhelo.
- Unobangela oyintloko sisifo semithambo yegazi emithanjeni yegazi. Isifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi, i-cholesterol, kunye nokutshaya zezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela umngcipheko.
- Esi sifo sinokulawulwa kakuhle. Kukho unyango olufumanekayo, kuquka amayeza, utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, utyando.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo nokuya kwiikliniki ngemihla ebekiweyo.
- Esi sifo singathintelwa ngokulandela indlela yokuphila esempilweni.
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