Xa uvavanywa amabele, nokuba yi-mammogram okanye i-ultrasound, uze ufumane ingxelo, ungaziva usoyika kwaye unomdla xa ubona amagama namanani akuyo. Ingakumbi ukuba ithi 'BI-RADS' kunye nenombolo ethile, unokucinga, 'Owu, yintoni le?' Kuqhelekile ngokwenene. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokuba yi-BI-RADS, ithetha ukuthini ngokwenene, kwaye ingayichaphazela njani impilo yakho.
Yintoni i-BI-RADS ngokulula?
Ngamafutshane, i-BI-RADS sisifinyezo segama elithi “Inkqubo yoKuxela ngeMifanekiso yeBreast kunye neData.” Le yinkqubo eqhelekileyo esetyenziswa ziingcali ze-radiology ukuchaza iingxelo zakho zovavanyo lwebele. Khawuthelekelele, nokuba ukuphi eSri Lanka okanye naphi na emhlabeni, wonke umntu uthetha ulwimi olufanayo. Le nkqubo isebenzisa iimvavanyo ozenzileyo, oko kuthetha ukuba:
- I-Mammography
- I-Ultrasound yamabele
- Iskeni ye-MRI
Xela iziphumo zovavanyo ezifana nezi.
Bekukho izizathu ezibini eziphambili zokwazisa le nkqubo.
1. Zisa umgangatho omnye ekuxeleni: Nokuba uvavanyo lwenziwa phi eSri Lanka, luxelwa ngendlela efanayo. Ngale ndlela, akuyi kubakho kudideka xa uthumela iinkcukacha zakho ukusuka komnye ugqirha ukuya komnye. Wonke umntu unokuyiqonda ngokulula.
2. Xela ngokucacileyo umngcipheko womhlaza webele: Le ndlela inika indlela elula yokuqonda umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza webele.
Ingxelo yakho isenokungabi nanombolo ye-BI-RADS ebhalwe ngqindilili. Nangona kunjalo, iya kufakwa kwingxelo epheleleyo efunyanwa ngugqirha wakho. Ungabuza ugqirha wakho ngayo.
Udidi lwe-BI-RADS kunye nentsingiselo yalo
Inkqubo ye-BI-RADS inoluhlu oluqala ku-0 ukuya ku-6. Inani ngalinye libalisa ibali elahlukileyo. Makhe sijonge ukuba lithetha ukuthini ngalinye, kwaye senze ntoni emva koko kwimeko enjalo.
| Inombolo ye-BI-RADS | Intsingiselo | Okufanele ukwenze ngokulandelayo |
|---|---|---|
| I-BI-RADS 0 | Uvavanyo aluphelelanga. Oku kuthetha ukuba akunakufikelelwa kwisigqibo kuba imifanekiso efunyenweyo ayicacanga okanye kufuneka ulwazi olongezelelekileyo. Oku akuthethi ukuba kukho into engalunganga. | Kusenokufuneka uyithelekise nengxelo yakho yakudala ye-mammogram okanye wenze iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo (umz., enye i-mammogram, i-ultrasound scan). |
| I-BI-RADS 1 | Akukho ngxaki (Engalunganga) Le yeyona miphumo ilungileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho maqhuqhuva okanye utshintsho olungathandabuzekiyo emabeleni akho. | Fumana uhlolo rhoqo ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwiminyaka yakho kunye nomngcipheko wakho. |
| I-BI-RADS 2 | Ukufumana okuLungileyo Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho mhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezingezizo ezomhlaza (umz. ii-cysts, ii-fibroadenomas) ezinokubonakala. Ezi azinabungozi. | Le yimeko eqhelekileyo. Fumana uhlolo oluqhelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. |
| I-BI-RADS 3 | Mhlawumbi intle Oko ukubonayo koku akunakwenzeka ukuba yi-98% yomhlaza. Kodwa kukho umngcipheko omncinci kuba awuqinisekanga ngokupheleleyo. | Ugqirha udla ngokucebisa ukuba kulandelwe ixesha elifutshane kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuze kubonwe ukuba izinto zitshintshile na. |
| I-BI-RADS 4 | Urhanela Eli linani liyoyikisa abantu abaninzi. Kodwa akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza. Lithetha nje ukuba "liyakrokreleka, ngoko masilijonge ngakumbi." | Ugqirha unokuthi acebise ukuba kwenziwe i-biopsy , ethetha ukususwa kwesiqwenga sethishu ukuze sihlolwe. |
| I-BI-RADS 5 | Ibonisa Kakhulu Ububi Ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu ezibonwe kweli tyala, amathuba okuba nomhlaza aphezulu kakhulu (ngaphezulu kwama-95%). | Ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka i-biopsy ukuqinisekisa. |
| I-BI-RADS 6 | I-Malgnancy eyaziwayo eqinisekisiweyo yiBiopsy Oku kufunyanwa ngexesha lovavanyo olwenziwe ngaphambi konyango (umz., ngaphambi kotyando) emva kokuba i-biopsy yangaphambili iqinisekisile ukuba umhlaza ukhona. | Umsebenzi ongaphezulu uya kwenziwa ngokwesicwangciso sonyango esichazwe ngugqirha. |
Zithini iingenelo zenkqubo ye-BI-RADS?
Le ndlela iluncedo kakhulu koogqirha nakwizigulane.
- Ukumisela umgangatho: Xa ugqirha eColombo, eSri Lanka, kunye nogqirha eJaffna besithi iBI-RADS 4, kuthetha into enye. Oku kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okwenza iimpazamo kunye nokudideka ekuqondeni iingxelo zakho.
- Uvavanyo loMngcipheko: Olu luhlu lukunika umbono ocacileyo womngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza, nto leyo enceda ugqirha wakho ukuba agqibe ukuba kufuneka enze uvavanyo olongezelelweyo ngokukhawuleza kangakanani.
- Ukusebenza kakuhle: Endaweni yokuba kufuneke bachaze ingxelo nganye ngokweenkcukacha, oku kusindisa ixesha kwiingcali ze-radiology ngokubahlulahlula ngokweendidi.
Ngaba akukho zingxaki kule ndlela?
Njengayo nayiphi na indlela, le inemida embalwa emincinci.
- Ukuqonda okubonakalayo: Umntu uhlela umfanekiso weskeni. Ngoko ke, kancinci kakhulu, oko kubonwa yingcali ye-radiology kunokwahluka kancinci koko kubonwa yingcali ye-radiology.
- Iziphumo Ezingeyonyani: Nangona zinqabile kakhulu , ngamanye amaxesha uvavanyo lunokubika iziphumo ezirhanelekayo (ezingeyonyani) xa kungekho mhlaza, okanye uvavanyo lunokubika iziphumo ezilungileyo (ezingeyonyani). Oku kunokubangela inkxalabo engeyomfuneko okanye kulibazise ukuxilongwa. Nangona kunjalo, khumbula ukuba oku kuyenzeka ngokungaqhelekanga.
- Ukungabikho kolwazi oluthile (olungachazwanga):Inombolo ye-BI-RADS ikuxelela kuphela ukuba kukho into ekrokrisayo okanye akunjalo. Ayiboneleli ngolwazi olupheleleyo malunga nokuba loluphi uhlobo lwendawo ekrokrisayo apho okanye uhlobo lwayo. Yiyo loo nto kufuneka iimvavanyo ezifana ne-biopsy.
Ngaba i-BI-RADS 4 ithetha umhlaza?
Lo ngumbuzo omkhulu abantu abaninzi abanawo. Impendulo ithi, hayi.
I-BI-RADS 4 ayithethi ukuba unomhlaza. Ithetha ukuba iziphumo zeskeni yakho "ziyarhaneleka." Oku kuthetha ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba ngumhlaza okanye akunjalo. Umngcipheko womhlaza unokuqala ukusuka kwesezantsi kakhulu ukuya kwephezulu. Yiyo loo nto kwenziwa i-biopsy ukuze kufunyaniswe ngokuqinisekileyo.
I-BI-RADS 4 ayithethi ukuba unomhlaza. Ithetha ukuthi, 'Sifuna ukuyijonga ngakumbi le nto, ngoko masiqhubekele kwinqanaba elilandelayo.'
Ngoko ke ukuba ingxelo yakho ithi BI-RADS 4, ungakhathazeki ngokungeyomfuneko. Oko kuthetha ukuba ugqirha wakho uza kukuthumela ukuze uvavanywe ngakumbi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-BI-RADS ngumgangatho owaziwayo kwihlabathi liphela osetyenziselwa ukwahlula iziphumo zeengxelo zovavanyo lwakho lwebele (i-mammogram, i-ultrasound).
- Le nombolo ikuxelela ukuba yintoni ingozi yakho yomhlaza kunye namanyathelo omele uwathathe ngokulandelayo.
- I-BI-RADS 1 kunye ne-2 zithetha iziphumo ezilungileyo ngaphandle kweengxaki.
- Nokuba ufumana amanqaku aphezulu njenge-BI-RADS 4 okanye 5, akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza. Kuthetha nje ukuba 'uyathandabuza kwaye ufuna uvavanyo olongezelelweyo.'
- Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nenombolo ye-BI-RADS kwingxelo yakho, ungoyiki kwaye uthethe nogqirha wakho ngayo. Nguye kuphela onokuchaza kanye kanye ukuba kuthetha ukuthini kwimeko yakho.
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