Masifunde ngakumbi ngenkqubo yakho yenyongo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu!

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngenkqubo emangalisayo emzimbeni wethu esinceda sitye ukutya esikutyayo. Ibizwa ngokuba yiBiliary System . Usenokuba ukhe waliva eli gama ngaphambili. Ngamafutshane, yinethiwekhi yamalungu adibeneyo kunye nemijelo engaphakathi emzimbeni wethu. Ifana nomzi-mveliso omncinci onceda umzimba wethu.

Yintoni iBiliary System? Kutheni ibalulekile kuthi?

Kulungile, masiqale sijonge ukuba yintoni le nkqubo yenyongo. Le yinkqubo eyenza, igcine, kwaye ikhuphe inyongo kwinkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya xa kufuneka. Usenokuba uzibuza ukuba yintoni inyongo. Inyongo lulwelo olumthubi-luhlaza oluveliswa sisibindi sethu. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuncedisa ekugayeni ukutya esikutyayo, ingakumbi ukutya okunamafutha.

Ngoko ke, le nkqubo yenyongo inenye into ebalulekileyo. Oko kukuthi, inceda ekususeni ezinye zeenkunkuma emzimbeni wethu ngale nyongo. Oko kukuthi, le nkqubo ayincedi nje ekugayweni kokutya, kodwa ikwanceda nasekugcineni imizimba yethu icocekile. Uyaqonda? Yiyo loo nto oku kubaluleke kakhulu kuthi.

Iphi inkqubo yenyongo? Zithini iindawo zayo eziphambili?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba le nkqubo yenyongo ikwindawo ephi emzimbeni wethu. Ikwindawo ephezulu yesisu sethu. Ngokuchanekileyo, icala lasekunene lilapho uninzi lwamalungu omzimba lukhoyo.

Kukho iinxalenye eziphambili ezininzi kule nkqubo:

Isibindi: Umpheki oyintloko womzimba wethu!

Isibindi sidlala indima ephambili kule nkqubo. Senza i-bile . Ayipheleli apho, kodwa ngelixa sicoca igazi lethu, sikwahlukanisa inkunkuma efana ne-cholesterol eyongezelelweyo kunye ne -bilirubin (eyenza i-bile ibe nombala otyheli) ize yongeze kwi-bile. Ii-bile acids kwi-bile zenziwa sisibindi, esisebenzisa ne-cholesterol. Ezi acids ze-bile zinceda amathumbu ethu amancinci ukuba atye ukutya. I-bile, eqokelelana nge-bile ducts ezincinci kakhulu ngaphakathi kwesibindi ('intrahepatic ducts'), emva koko yongezwa kwi-bile ducts ezinkulu eziphuma kwisibindi ('extrahepatic ducts').

Imibhobho yenyongo: iindlela ezincinci ezithwala inyongo

Le yimijelo eqokelela inyongo eveliswa esibindini ize iyithwale iye kuyo yonke inkqubo. Imijelo emincinci iyadibana ize ekugqibeleni idibane ibe yi-duct enkulu ebizwa ngokuba yi-common bile duct . Le duct yenyongo eqhelekileyo iqhagamshelwe ngqo kwinxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu ethu amancinci, i-duodenum . Le duct yenyongo eqhelekileyo iqhagamshelwe nakwi -common hepatic duct evela esibindini, i-cystic duct evela kwi-gallbladder, kunye ne -pancreatic duct evela kwi-pancreas. Cinga ngayo njengendawo apho iindlela zidibana khona.

Inyongo: Igumbi elincinci lokugcina izinto

Malunga nesiqingatha senyongo ephuma esibindini iya ngqo kwipancreas nge-main bile duct, kodwa esinye isiqingatha siya kwi-gallbladder . Eli lilungu elincinci elifana ne-sac elifumaneka ngaphantsi kwesibindi. Kulapho inyongo igcinwa khona kwaye ifinyele khona. Xa amathumbu ethu amancinci efumana ukutya okunamafutha kunye neproteni, adinga inyongo engakumbi ukuze ayigaye. Emva koko amathumbu amancinci athumela umyalezo kwinyongo, esithi, "Kulungile, thumela inyongo ngoku." Ngelo xesha, inyongo iyafinyela ize ikhuphe inyongo eyongezelelweyo nge-duct.

I-Pancreas: Omnye uncedo olubalulekileyo

I-pancreas yethu ikwindawo engasemva kwesisu. I-pancreas ikwasabela kwimiqondiso evela kwi-pancreas. Kodwa ayikhuphi i-bile. Ikhupha umxube wee- enzymes ezinceda ekugayeni ii-carbohydrates, iiproteni, kunye namafutha. Ezi enzymes zihamba nge-pancreatic duct kwaye ziqokelelane apho i-duct ephambili ye-bile idibana ne-pancreas. Ngamanye amaxesha le ngqokelela, indawo encinci yokugcina apho i-bile kunye nee-enzymes ze-pancreatic ziqokelelana okwethutyana, ibizwa ngokuba yi-ampulla yeVater .

Amathumbu amancinci – ingakumbi i-duodenum: indawo apho yonke into idibana khona

Inxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu ethu amancinci ibizwa ngokuba yi-duodenum . Kulapho inkqubo yenyongo kunye nayo yonke inkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya idibana khona. Nje ukuba inyongo ifikelele emathunjini amancinci, ii-asidi zenyongo ezikuyo ziyahlukana. Inkunkuma eseleyo idluliselwa kwindle. Ii-asidi zenyongo ezahluliweyo zinceda ekuqhekezeni amafutha emathunjini. Emva koko, ii-asidi zenyongo ziphinda zifunxwe ngeendonga zamathumbu ziye egazini kwaye zibuyiselwe esibindini. Oku kufana 'nokuphinda kusetyenziswe'.

Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezinokuchaphazela inkqubo ye-biliary?

Ngenxa yokuba zonke izitho zomzimba kunye nemijelo ekule nkqubo yenyongo zidibene kakhulu, ukuba isifo sivela kwindawo enye, sinokuchaphazela ngokulula ezinye iindawo. Ngokukodwa, usulelo kunye nokuvuvukala kunokusasazeka kwizitho ezikufutshane ecaleni kwemijelo yenyongo. Kwakhona, ukuba kukho into ethintela ukuhamba kwenyongo, ichaphazela yonke inkqubo.

Nazi ezinye zezifo eziqhelekileyo ezinokubakho kule nkqubo:

• Amatye enyongo: Le yimeko eqhelekileyo abantu abaninzi abaye beva ngayo. Ukuba amatye akheka kwinyongo aze ahlale kwimibhobho yenyongo, ingakumbi i-common bile duct, anokubangela iintlungu ezinzulu zesisu, ukudumba kwenyongo (i-cholecystitis), kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nepancreas inokudumba, esiyibiza ngokuba yi-gallstone pancreatitis .
• I-Cholestasis:Ngamafutshane, oku kwenzeka xa ukuhamba kwenyongo kucotha okanye kuvaliwe ngokupheleleyo. Oku kusenokuba kungenxa yokuba isibindi asiyenzi kakuhle inyongo, okanye imibhobho yenyongo isenokuvalwa ngandlela thile.
• Ukuqiniswa kwenyongo: Ukudumba kwexesha elide kwemibhobho yenyongo kunokubangela ukuba kubekho izicubu ezibomvu, zinciphe kwaye zivale imibhobho. Oku kunokubangelwa zizifo ezizuzwe njengelifa okanye izifo ezizikhuselayo emzimbeni .
• Isifo sesibindi: Isifo sesibindi esihlala ixesha elide sinokubangela amanxeba kwizicubu zesibindi, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni isibindi singaphumeleli kancinci kancinci. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-cirrhosis . Isibindi asikwazi ukuvelisa inyongo eyaneleyo.

Ukongeza koku, kukho nezinye izifo:

• I-pancreatitis engapheliyo
• Ii-cysts zepancreatic
• I-Biliary dyskinesia (ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenyongo)
• I-cholangitis ye-sclerosis ephambili
• I-cholangitis yenyongo yokuqala
• I-Biliary atresia (imeko yokuzalwa)
• Ukungafunxwa kwe-asidi ye-bile
• Umhlaza we-bile duct (`Umhlaza we-bile duct` / `I-Cholangiocarcinoma`)
• Umhlaza wesibindi
• Umhlaza wePancreatic
• Umhlaza wenyongo
• Umhlaza we-Ampullary

Zithini iimpawu zesifo senkqubo yenyongo? Ziqaphele ezi!

Ukuba kukho ingxaki kwinkqubo yenyongo, umzimba wethu usinika iimpawu ezininzi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uzazi ezi mpawu.

• I-Jaundice: Le yimeko apho amhlophe emehlweni naselusu ajika abe mthubi. Oku kwenzeka xa inyongo ingakwazi ukuhamba kakuhle, ivaleke emzimbeni, ize iqokelele egazini. Inyongo inikwa umbala wayo otyheli yi-pigment ebizwa ngokuba yi-bilirubin .
• I-Biliary colic: Olu luhlobo oluthile lwentlungu. Idla ngokuvela emva nje kokutya. Le ntlungu iyenzeka xa inyongo ifinyela ize ikhuphe inyongo ingene kwi-bile duct ephambili, kwaye kukho ukuvaleka (njengelitye). Intlungu iyanda kancinci kancinci, ifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu, ize inciphe kancinci kancinci.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza: Ezi mpawu zimbini zihlala zihamba nentlungu yenyongo. Ngamanye amaxesha, kunye ne-jaundice, isicaphucaphu esingapheliyo kunye nokuhlanza kunokwenzeka. Oku kubangelwa ziityhefu zenyongo eziqokelelana egazini.
• I-Steatorrhea: Ukuba i-bile okanye i-bile acids azifikeleli kakuhle emathunjini amancinci ngesizathu esithile, amafutha akukutya esikutyayo awagaywa okanye afunxwe ngumzimba. Emva koko, amafutha adluliselwa kunye nendle. Indle inokuba neoyile kwaye idada phezu kwayo.

Ukongeza koku, kunokubakho nezinye iimpawu:

• Intlungu yesisu esingaphezulu.
• Umchamo onombala omnyama.
• Ukudideka okanye ukuphazamiseka okuncinci kwengqondo.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, qiniseka ukuba ufuna ingcebiso kagqirha. Okukhona isifo sifunyanwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona kulula ukunyanga.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezinokunceda ekuqinisekiseni impilo yenkqubo yam yenyongo?

Ukuba uneempawu ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ukujonga impilo yale nkqubo.

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwesibindi (ii-LFT) kunye novavanyo lokusebenza kwepancreas lukhangela ii-enzymes zesibindi kunye nepancreas eziphakamileyo. Uvavanyo lwegazi olupheleleyo (ii-CBC) lunokujonga ukubala okuphezulu kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Uvavanyo oluphezulu lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi lunokubonisa usulelo okanye ukudumba.
• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Uvavanyo olusisiseko olufana ne- ultrasound yesisu okanye i-CT scan lunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba kukho na ukuvaleka okanye ukudumba naphi na kwinkqubo yenyongo.
• Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lokufota: Kukho uvavanyo olukhethekileyo olunokujonga nzulu ngakumbi kwinkqubo yenyongo. Eminye imizekelo yile:
• I-ultrasound ye-Endoscopic (EUS)
• I-Hepatobiliary scintigraphy (i-HIDA scan)
• I-Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)
• I-Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Oku kusetyenziswa njengovavanyo nakwezinye iindlela zonyango.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwezifo zenkqubo ye-biliary?

Eyona nto ingcono kukuba ngoku kukho unyango olusebenzayo lwezifo ezininzi zenkqubo yenyongo. Indlela yonyango iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo kunye nobunzima baso.

• Ukukhupha inyongo: Le yindlela elula. Yenzelwa ukususa inyongo egqithisileyo eqokelelene kwimibhobho yenyongo. Ugqirha ufaka umbhobho omncinci (i-catheter) ngodonga lwesisu sakho kwinkqubo yakho yenyongo aze akhuphe inyongo ngayo.
• Unyango lwe-Endoscopic: Ngexesha lenkqubo ye -ERCP , ezinye iindlela zonyango zingenziwa nge-endoscope (ityhubhu encinci enekhamera eqhotyoshelweyo). Umzekelo, ukuba kukho ukuvaleka, kungasuswa, kuthathwe isampuli yethishu (i-biopsy), okanye kufakwe ityhubhu encinci ( i-stent ) ukuze kugcinwe umbhobho uvulekile.

Kwezinye iimeko, ingakumbi kwiimeko ezifana namatye enyongo, utyando lokususa inyongo (i-cholecystectomy) lunokufuneka. Kumhlaza, unyango oluntsonkothileyo olufana notyando, unyango ngemitha, okanye i-chemotherapy lunokufuneka.

Yintoni esinokuyenza ukugcina inkqubo yethu yenyongo isempilweni?

"Ukuthintela kungcono kunokunyanga." Oko kukuthi, kungcono ukuthintela isifo ngaphambi kokuba sivele kunokusinyanga emva kokuba sivele. Ngoko ke, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezilula esinokuzenza ukugcina inkqubo yethu yenyongo isempilweni.

• Gcina ukutya okunempilo: Yitya ukutya okuninzi okungalungiswanga, okwendalo (ukutya okupheleleyo) kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Nciphisa ukutya okuneswekile eninzi kunye namafutha agcweleyo. Oku kuya kugcina isibindi sakho sisempilweni kwaye kulawule amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol. Khumbula, i-cholesterol egqithisileyo inokukhokelela kwi-gallstones kunye nesifo sesibindi esinamafutha.
• Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala namayeza angeyomfuneko: Ukusetyenziswa kotywala ngokugqithisileyo nangokungeyomfuneko namayeza, afana nezinye izithomalalisi zentlungu, zezona zinto zibangela amatye enyongo kunye nesifo sesibindi. Ukuba unesifo senkqubo yenyongo, ezi zinto zingenza imeko ibe mandundu.
• Fumana uhlolo rhoqo lwezonyango: Ezinye izifo zenkqubo yenyongo zinokuhlala emzimbeni ixesha elide ngaphandle kokubonisa iimpawu ezinkulu. Ngoko ke, ungaphoswa luhlolo lwakho rhoqo lwezonyango (`uhlolo lwempilo`). Emva koko, ukuba kukho isifo, sinokufunyanwa kwasekuqaleni. Kwakhona, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga namayeza owasebenzisayo uze ufumane ukuba ayingozi na kwisibindi.

Ngoko ke, eyona nto yokugqibela ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule! (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Inkqubo yethu yenyongo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya kunye nenkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi. Ukuba ayisebenzi kakuhle, inokuchaphazela yonke into ukusuka ekugayweni kokutya ukuya kwisondlo sethu. Ingavumela neetyhefu ukuba ziqokelele emizimbeni yethu zize zibuyele egazini lethu.

Amalungu akweli candelo, anjengesibindi kunye nepancreas, aneminye imisebenzi emininzi. Ngoko ke, ukuba la malungu ayagula, akuyi kuchaphazela kuphela inkqubo yebiliary, kodwa nezinye iinkqubo ezinxulumene nala malungu. Ngoko ke, ungalibali ukuba inkqubo yebiliary esempilweni ibalulekile emzimbeni ophilileyo. Nyamekela umzimba wakho, kwaye ukuba ubona into engaqhelekanga, ungabi livila ukufuna ingcebiso kugqirha.

Inkqubo yenyongo , inyongo, isibindi, imibhobho yenyongo, ukugaya ukutya, inyongo, amatye enyongo