Ngaba wakha waphathwa sisisu esibuhlungu emva kokuthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane? Masifunde nge-C. diff (Clostridioides difficile)!

Ngaba kutshanje uqalise ukuba norhudo olunzima emva kokuthatha i-antibiotic? Okanye ngaba unentlungu esiswini kunye norhudo kangangeentsuku? Isenokuba ngenxa yosulelo lwebhaktheriya esingaluvanga kangako, kodwa lunokuba yingozi kakhulu. Namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba yintoni i-C. diff, kutheni isenzeka, kunye nendlela esinokuzikhusela ngayo.

Yintoni i-C. diff (Clostridioides difficile)?

Ngamafutshane, i-C. diff ligama elifutshane elinikwa uhlobo lwebhaktheriya. Igama layo elipheleleyo yi-*Clostridioides difficile*. Le bhaktheriya inokosulela amathumbu ethu amakhulu (ikholoni). Xa isenzeka, ibangela urhudo kunye nezinye iimpawu ezininzi ezingathandekiyo.

Kuqhelekile ukufumana usulelo lweentsholongwane emathunjini akho, kwaye uninzi lwazo alubi nzulu. Kodwa olu sulelo lwe-C. diff lubi ngakumbi, kwaye lunokonakalisa ikholoni yakho. Oku kungenxa yokuba iintsholongwane ze-C. diff zivelisa ityhefu emathunjini akho. Ezi tyhefu zonakalisa iiseli ezigqume amathumbu akho, zibangele ukuba zidumbe. Ngokwezonyango, sibiza oku ngokuba yi-colitis . Ukuba ufumana iimpawu kunye nokuba zinzima kangakanani kuxhomekeke ekubeni zingakanani umonakalo owenziwe zityhefu emathunjini akho. Kwezinye iimeko, le meko inokuba yingozi ebomini.

Zithini iimpawu zosulelo lwe-C. diff?

Uphawu oluphambili nolokuqala lolu sulelo kukushukuma kwamathumbu ngamanzi (isifo sorhudo) . Ukuba usulelo alunzima, usenokuba neentshukumo zamathumbu ezimalunga nezihlandlo ezithathu ngosuku, ezihamba kunye nokuqaqamba kancinci kwesisu.

Njengoko usulelo lusiya lusiba mandundu, urhudo luya luba mandundu. Usenokuba neentshukumo zamathumbu ezilishumi okanye ezilishumi elinesihlanu ngosuku. Usenokubona negazi kwindle yakho. Ezi zezinye iimpawu ezinokuvela xa imeko inzima.

Ekuqaleni, ezi mpawu zinokubonakala ngathi zifana nokutyhefeka kokutya okanye umkhuhlane wesisu. Ukuba uthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, unokucinga ngempazamo ukuba oku kuphazamiseka kwesisu sisiphumo esiqhelekileyo seyeza.

Yintoni uhlobo lwesitulo kwi-C. diff infection?

Kwi-C. diff diarrhea, indle idla ngokuba ngathi yi-porridge kwaye ityebile, ayibi namanzi ngokupheleleyo. Ngamanye amaxesha inokuba luhlaza ngombala. Ngamanye amaxesha, igazi, i-mucus, okanye i-pus zinokubonakala.

Abantu abaninzi baxela ukuba i-C. diff diarrhea inevumba elahlukileyo . Bayichaza njengevumba elinamandla nelimnandi ngakumbi kunelindle eliqhelekileyo. Oku kusenokuba kungenxa yokuba iibhaktheriya ze-C. diff zonyusa amanqanaba e-bile acids kwindle yethu.

Kutheni sifumana i-C. diff?

Cinga ngamathumbu ethu njengegadi entle yeentyatyambo. Kule gadi, kukho iintyatyambo ezintle kunye nokhula oluthile. Emathunjini omntu onenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela esempilweni, kukho iintsholongwane ezininzi "ezilungileyo" (ezifana neentyatyambo) kwaye iintsholongwane "ezimbi" (ezifana nokhula) zilawula. I-C. diff yintsholongwane ehlala emathunjini ethu ngobuninzi obuncinci.

Ukuba olu lungelelwano luyaphazamiseka, oko kuthetha ukuba zimbalwa iintsholongwane ezilungileyo, iintsholongwane ezimbi ezifana ne-C. diff zinethuba lokusasazeka njengokhula kwaye zithathe indawo yazo.

Idluliselwa njani i-C. diff?

Ibhaktiriya i-C. diff ifihlakele kakhulu. Xa iphuma emzimbeni, yenza iqokobhe eliqinileyo elibizwa ngokuba yi-spore. Ezi spore zifana nembewu encinci yebhaktiriya. Zinokuba sezandleni zethu nakwizinto esizichukumisayo (izibambo zomnyango, iitafile, izixhobo zokuhlambela). Ukuba sichukumisa umphezulu onezi spore, sinokugula, nokuba kukutya ukutya ngesandla esinye okanye ukufaka izandla zethu emlonyeni wethu.

Ezi spores kunzima kakhulu ukuzibulala. Ziyakwazi ukumelana nobushushu, ii-asidi, kunye nee-antibiotics ezininzi kunye nezibulali-ntsholongwane. Zingaphila nakwiindawo eziphezu komhlaba kangangeenyanga. Yiyo loo nto esi sifo sisasazeka ngokukhawuleza, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezifana nezibhedlele.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana i-C. diff?

Abanye abantu banamathuba amaninzi okufumana olu sulelo. Nazi:

• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala: Umngcipheko uphezulu kuba amasosha omzimba ayancipha njengoko abantu bekhula, bathatha amayeza amaninzi kwezinye izifo, kwaye bahlala ezibhedlele okanye kumakhaya abantu abadala.
• Iintsana ezincinci: Kuba amajoni azo omzimba awakakhuli ngokupheleleyo.
• Abantu abasezibhedlele: Izibhedlele ziindawo apho ii-spores ze-C. diff zinokusasazeka lula. Zinokudluliselwa lula ngezindlu zangasese zikawonke-wonke kunye nezindlu zangasese.
• Abantu abaneenkqubo zokuzikhusela zomzimba ezibuthathaka: Abantu abanezifo ezifana nomhlaza, i-HIV, isifo sezintso, nesifo seswekile baneenkqubo zokuzikhusela zomzimba ezibuthathaka. Abantu abasebenzisa amayeza okunciphisa umzimba nabo basengozini enkulu.
• Abantu abanezifo zamathumbu: Abantu abanezifo ezifana ne -Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) , ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn kunye ne-ulcerative colitis, basengozini enkulu yosulelo kuba umaleko okhuselayo wamathumbu ubuthathaka.

Kodwa khumbula, nomntu ongenazo naziphi na ezi zinto zinobungozi unokufumana i-C. diff.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-C. diff?

Uninzi lwexesha, usulelo lwe-C. diff alubi yingozi. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi ukuba alunyangwa, iingxaki ezinkulu zinokubakho.

• Ukosuleleka okuphindaphindiweyo: Kwanasemva konyango, malunga nama-20% abantu baya kuphinda bafumane esi sifo kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezisibhozo.
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni: Urhudo olugqithisileyo lubangela ukuba umzimba ulahlekelwe ngamanzi amaninzi kunye nee-electrolytes. Ukuba oku kuba nzima, kunokubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
• I-Pseudomembrane colitis: Isifo se-pseudomembrane colitis:Le yimeko enzima (i-colitis). Ingaphakathi lamathumbu liyavuvukala lize lijiye njenge-membrane.
• I-megacolon enobuthi: Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kodwa iyingozi kakhulu. Ikholoni iyadumba kangangokuba iyeke ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo. Oku kunokukhokelela kwi -sepsis, imeko apho iintsholongwane zisasazeka emzimbeni wonke.

Kwiimeko ezinzima ezifana nezi, kusenokufuneka kwenziwe utyando lokususa inxalenye yamathumbu enesifo.

Gqirha, usixilonga njani esi sifo? Luluphi unyango?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba une-C. diff virus ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho, uza kukucela ukuba unike isampuli yendle. Iya kuthunyelwa kwilabhoratri ukuze ivavanywe ukuba ikhona na i-C. diff toxicity.

Ukuba isifo siqinisekisiwe, uvavanyo lwegazi kunye ne-scans zokujonga ngaphakathi kwamathumbu zinokwenziwa ukuze kuchongwe ubukhali bosulelo.

Iindlela zonyango

Unyango luxhomekeke kubukhulu bosulelo.

• Ukuyeka amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane: Ukuba ufumana i-C. diff ngelixa usela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngenxa yesinye isifo, into yokuqala ugqirha wakho aya kuyenza kukuyeka amayeza. Kwabanye abantu, yiloo nto kuphela abafanele bayenze. Iibhaktheriya ezilungileyo emathunjini akho ziya kukhula kwakhona kwaye usulelo luya kuphelela ngokwalo.
• Ii-antibiotics ze-C. diff-specific: Ukuba oko akusebenzi, ugqirha wakho unokukunika i-antibiotic ethile enokubulala iintsholongwane ze-C. diff. Umzekelo , (iMetronidazole) , (iVancomycin) , okanye (iFidaxomicin) .
• Ukulaliswa esibhedlele: Ukuba usulelo lunzima, kunokufuneka ulaliswe esibhedlele, apho unokunikwa khona i-saline (IV fluids) kunye nee-antibiotics ezifakwa kwimithambo yegazi.

Yintoni omawuyenze malunga nokosuleleka okuphindaphindeneyo?

Abanye abantu baphinda babuyele umva emva konyango. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kukho iindlela ezilandelayo:

• Phinda unyango lwe-antibiotic: Usenokunikwa olunye unyango lwe-antibiotic okanye iyeza elide.
• Ukufakelwa kweFecal Microbiota (FMT): Eli gama lisenokuvakala lingaqhelekanga, kodwa lunyango olusebenzayo kakhulu kwi-C. diff ephindaphindayo. Ngamafutshane, libandakanya ukwahlula iintsholongwane 'ezilungileyo' kwisampuli yendle yomntu ophilileyo kunye nokuzifaka emathunjini esigulana. Oku kubuyisela ibhalansi yeentsholongwane ezilungileyo ezilahlekileyo emathunjini.

Yintoni esifanele siyenze ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwe-C. diff?

Ngenxa yokuba esi sifo sisasazeka kakhulu, kufuneka silumke kakhulu. Ingakumbi ukuba kukho umntu kusapho onaso esi sifo, qiniseka ukuba uyazenza ezi zinto.

• Ukuzahlula: Kungcono ukugcina umntu osulelekileyo kwigumbi elahlukileyo ukuba kunokwenzeka. Kungcono nangakumbi ukuba angasebenzisa indlu yangasese eyahlukileyo. Ukuba usebenzisa indlu yangasese kawonke-wonke, soloko usula umphezulu wendlu yangasese ngesicoci esine-bleach emva kokuyisebenzisa.
• Ukucoca umphezulu: Coca iindawo eziphathwa rhoqo (izibambo zomnyango, izitshixi zokukhanyisa) ngesicombululo esine-bleach.
• Ukusebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngokuchanekileyo: Ungaze uthathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anganikwanga ngugqirha. Thatha yonke ikhosi yamayeza njengoko kumiselwe.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba unale mpawu, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

• Ukuba unesifo sohudo emva kokusebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.
• Ukuba urhudo lunzima (ngaphezu kwezihlandlo ezili-10 ngemini).
• Ukuba ubona igazi esitulweni sakho.
• Ukuba unesifo sesisu esibuhlungu kakhulu kunye nomkhuhlane.
• Ukuba uhlanza kangangokuba awukwazi ukutya okanye ukusela.

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko:

• Iimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni (umlomo owomileyo, amehlo atshonileyo, ukuphuma komchamo okuphantsi kakhulu, ukudinwa kakhulu).
• Intlungu yesisu enzima, enganyamezelekiyo.
• Ukudideka kwimemori.

I-C. diff ayisosifo esimele sithathwe lula. Kodwa ungoyiki. Ukuba ubona ugqirha ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye ufumane unyango, unokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo.