Iiseli ezingaqhelekanga kwisibeleko? (I-Cervical Dysplasia) Musa ukoyika, masithethe ngale nto!

Xa ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ukuba ingxelo yakho ye-Pap smear 'ineeseli ezingaqhelekanga', umele ukuba uzive uloyiko olukhulu kunye nokothuka, akunjalo? Nabani na unokoyika xa esiva igama elifana nelithi "precancerous." Kodwa mandiqale ndithi, ungakhathazeki. Oku akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza. Le yimeko enokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo kwaye ithintelwe ekubeni ibe ngumhlaza ukuba ifunyenwe kwangethuba. Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula, ngokucacileyo, kwaye ngaphandle komthwalo engqondweni yakho.

Yintoni i-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko?

Ngamafutshane, oku kuxa iiseli ezingaqhelekanga zikhula phezu komphezulu wesibeleko sakho. Makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni i-cervix. Yinxalenye esezantsi yesibeleko sakho, inxalenye evulekela kwilungu lobufazi bakho. Ngoko ke, endaweni yeeseli eziphilileyo kumphezulu wesibeleko sakho, uhlobo olwahlukileyo kancinci lweseli engaqhelekanga luqala ukukhula.

Cinga ngayo njengomngxuma omncinci endleleni. Ukuba ishiywe injalo, ingaba ngumngxuma omkhulu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kodwa ukuba siyilungisa kwangoko xa siyibona, ayizukuyonakalisa indlela, akunjalo? Yiyo loo nto kunjalo. Ezi seli ezingaqhelekanga azizizo iiseli zomhlaza. Kodwa ukuba azinyangwa ixesha elide, kukho ithuba lokuba zingaguquka zibe ngumhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Yiyo loo nto siyibiza ngokuba "zingaphambi komhlaza."

Kukho elinye igama lezonyango lale nto, eliyi- Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) . Musa ukothuka ngala magama. Igama elithi "Intraepithelial" lithetha ukuba la maseli angaqhelekanga akwindawo kuphela (i-epithelium) yomlomo wesibeleko, kwaye awasasazekanga ngaphakathi. Igama elithi "Neoplasia" lithetha ukuba amaseli amatsha ayakhula.

Ngaba kukho amanqanaba obunzima bale meko?

Ewe, oogqirha bahlulahlula ezi seli zingaqhelekanga zibe ngamanqanaba amathathu (iinqanaba ze-CIN) kuxhomekeke ekubeni zisasazeke kangakanani kwizicubu zomlomo wesibeleko. Oku kugqitywa ngokuhlola izicubu phantsi kwe-microscope.

Zithini iimpawu zale meko?

Nantsi into ebamangalisayo abantu abaninzi. I-Cervical Dysplasia ayisoloko ibangela naziphi na iimpawu. Usenokungaziva naluphi na utshintsho, iintlungu, okanye ukungonwabi.

Kunqabile kakhulu, abanye abafazi

• Ukopha okungaqhelekanga kwilungu lobufazi.
• Ukopha kancinci (ukubonakala kwamabala) emva kokwabelana ngesondo.

Izinto ezinjalo zinokwenzeka.

Oku kubonisa indlela ekubaluleke ngayo ukwenza i-Pap smear ngexesha. Yindlela ekuphela kwayo yokufumanisa ukuba unale meko ngaphambi kokuba ube neengxaki, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba kuvele iimpawu.

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Yintoni isizathu sale nto?

Eyona nto iphambili neyimbangela yoku yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiHPV (Human Papillomavirus) . Le yintsholongwane exhaphakileyo edluliselwa ngesondo.

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza oku: "Ukuba ndine-cervical dysplasia, ngaba ndine-HPV?" Ewe, yinyani leyo. Kodwa icala elichaseneyo loku aliyonyani. Oko kukuthi, ayinguye wonke umntu osulelekileyo yi-HPV oza kuba ne-cervical dysplasia. Kwiimeko ezininzi, inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela inokumelana ne-virus kwaye iyisuse ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni kungakapheli unyaka okanye emibini.

Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100 zeentsholongwane ze-HPV. Ezinye zazo, ingakumbi i-HPV-16 kunye ne -HPV-18,Iintlobo "ezinobungozi obukhulu", ezifana nezo zibangela utshintsho kwiiseli zomlomo wesibeleko kwaye zinokubangela i-cervical dysplasia.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?

Nangona kungenakwenzeka ukutsho ngqo ukuba kutheni abanye abantu abane-HPV kuphela abafumana i-cervical dysplasia, kukho izinto ezininzi eziye zachongwa ezonyusa umngcipheko.

• Ukutshaya: Abafazi abatshayayo okanye abasebenzisa iimveliso zecuba banamathuba aphindwe kabini okuba nale meko. Ukutshaya kwenza buthathaka amasosha omzimba, nto leyo eyenza ukuba angakwazi ukulwa ne-HPV.
• Ukuba nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka: Ukuba inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka ngenxa yezinye izifo (umz. i-HIV) okanye amayeza athile, kunokuba nzima ukuba umzimba wakho ulwe ne-HPV.

Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?

Le nkqubo yokuxilonga yenzeka inyathelo ngenyathelo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.

1. I-Pap Smear: Eli linyathelo lokuqala. Ugqirha wakho wezifo zabesifazane uza kuthatha isampuli yeeseli kumphezulu wesibeleko sakho aze azithumele kwilebhu ukuze zihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope. Oku kujongwa ikakhulu ziiseli ezingaqhelekanga.

2. I-Colposcopy: Ukuba i-Pap smear yakho ibonisa iiseli ezingaqhelekanga, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa olu vavanyo. Oku kubandakanya ukuphonononga umlomo wesibeleko sakho usebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo sokukhanya kunye nokukhulisa (njengeteleskopu). Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone naziphi na iiseli ezingaqhelekanga ngokucacileyo.

3. I-Biopsy: Ukuba ugqirha ubona indawo ekrokrisayo ngexesha le-colposcopy, uza kuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicubu aze alithumele kwilebhu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-biopsy. Ingxelo iya kuqinisekisa ukuba une-CIN 1, 2, okanye 3.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela yonke into kwinqanaba ngalinye. Akukho sizathu sokoyika.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Indlela yonyango imiselwa zizinto ezininzi, kuquka inqanaba le-CIN onayo, ubudala bakho, impilo yakho iyonke, kunye nokuba uceba ukuba nabantwana na.

Unyango lwe-CIN 1

Ukuba unesifo esinobungozi obuphantsi (CIN 1), mhlawumbi awuyi kufuna naluphi na unyango. Oku kungenxa yokuba imeko isenokuphela yodwa. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela athi, "Masilinde sibone." Oko kuthetha ukuba kufuneka wenze i-Pap smear rhoqo (njengakwiinyanga ezi-6 okanye ngonyaka) ukuze ubone ukuba iiseli ezingaqhelekanga ziyatshintsha okanye ziyanyamalala na.

Unyango lwe-CIN 2 kunye ne-CIN 3

Ukuba unemeko ephakathi okanye enzima njenge-CIN 2 okanye i-CIN 3, ugqirha wakho uya kukucebisa ukuba ususe iiseli ezingaqhelekanga. Oku kunethuba elingama-90% lokunyanga imeko ngokupheleleyo. Kukho iindlela ezininzi eziphambili ezisetyenziswayo koku.

• I-LEEP (Inkqubo yokususa iiseli ezingasebenzi kakuhle nge-electrosurgical): Kule nkqubo, iluphu yocingo lombane isetyenziselwa ukusika nokususa indawo yezicubu ezineeseli ezingaqhelekanga kakuhle.
• I-Cold Knife Cone Biopsy / Conization: Isiqwenga sesicwili esimile okwekhowuni sisuswa emlonyeni wesibeleko kusetyenziswa imela yotyando. Oku kususa zonke iiseli ezingaqhelekanga.
• Ukususwa kwesibeleko: Oku akwenziwa rhoqo. Kuphela xa ezinye iindlela zonyango zingancedi okanye imeko iqhubeka, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba kususwe isibeleko sonke kunye nomlomo wesibeleko ngotyando, kuthathelwa ingqalelo imfuneko yokuba nabantwana.

Ngalunye lwezi ndlela zonyango lunezibonelelo kunye neengxaki zalo. Ugqirha wakho uza kuxoxa nawe ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.

Ungazikhusela njani kule meko?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela i-cervical dysplasia kukuphepha ukosulelwa yintsholongwane ye-HPV ebangela oko. Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukunceda.

• Fumana i-HPV Vaccine: Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Le vaccine inceda ekukhuseleni kwiintlobo eziphambili ze-HPV ezibangela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kunye neentsholongwane zesini. Ukuba sele wosulelwe yi-HPV okanye une-cervical dysplasia, le vaccine ayinakuyinyanga. Nangona kunjalo, inokunceda ekuthinteleni ukosuleleka ngezinye iintlobo ze-HPV kwixesha elizayo.
• Ziqhelise ngesondo elikhuselekileyo: Ukusebenzisa iikhondom kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokosulelwa yi-HPV.
• Ukufumana i-Pap smear ngexesha: Nangona oku kungenakukuthintela ukuba esi sifo singakhuli, kunika ithuba elihle lokusibona esi sifo kwasekuqaleni size sisinyange ngaphambi kokuba sibe ngumhlaza. Emva kweminyaka engama-21 ubudala, kuyacetyiswa ukuba wenze i-Pap smear ubuncinci rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-3.
• Zikhwebule ngokupheleleyo ekutshayeni: Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ukutshaya kuyandisa kakhulu umngcipheko wale meko.