Ngaba nawe uneentlungu emathanjeni okanye iqhuma? Masithethe ngeChondrosarcoma!

Ngaba unentlungu ende okanye iqhuma ethanjeni okanye kwilungu emzimbeni wakho, ingakumbi engalweni yakho, emlenzeni, esinqeni, okanye esifubeni? Ngaba le ntlungu ngamanye amaxesha ibonakala isiba mandundu ebusuku? Ukuba kunjalo, eli nqaku liza kuba libaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngohlobo lomhlaza wamathambo olungaqhelekanga, kodwa olufanele ukwazi. Loo nto yi-chondrosarcoma.

Yintoni iChondrosarcoma?

Ngamafutshane, iChondrosarcoma luhlobo lomhlaza oluvela kwi-cartilage emizimbeni yethu. Uyazi ukuba yintoni i-cartilage? I-cartilage sisicwili esiguquguqukayo nesiqinileyo esijikeleze amalungu ethu kwaye sithintela amathambo ukuba angakhuhlani. Ifana nerabha. Le cartilage ikhusela amalungu ethu kwaye inceda amathambo akhule.

Ngoko ke, lo mhlaza we-chondrosarcoma ungakhula naphi na emzimbeni wethu apho kukho i-cartilage. Kodwa ubonakala kakhulu kwi:

• Kwiingalo nasemagxeni.
• Emilenzeni.
• Kwisinqe.
• Kwiimbambo zesifuba.
• Ithambo eliphakathi kwesifuba (sternum).

Ngamanye amaxesha, neethumba zamathambo ezazingekho mhlaza (ezingenobungozi) ngaphambili zinokuba ngumhlaza kamva zize ziguquke zibe yi-chondrosarcoma.

Lo ngumhlaza ongaqhelekanga . Ngokwezibalo eMelika, uyenzeka kumntu omnye kwabangama-200,000. Nangona unokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka, uxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-75. Ubudala obuqhelekileyo bokuxilongwa bumalunga nama-51 eminyaka. Unyango oluphambili lwale meko kukuhlinzwa ukususa i-cartilage kunye nethambo lomhlaza. Oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha babiza le meko ngokuthi yi-sarcoma.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo zeChondrosarcoma?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-chondrosarcoma. Ezi cancers zenzeka kwi-cartilage zahlulwe ngokweeseli ezenza i-tumor. Makhe sijonge iintlobo eziphambili.

I-Chondrosarcoma eqhelekileyo

Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo . Lubangela ngaphezu kwama-85% azo zonke ii-chondrosarcomas. Ludla ngokuvela kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-50 nama-70 ubudala. Ludla ngokuvela kwi-femur, i-humerus, kunye ne-pelvis. Olu hlobo lwethumba lukhula kancinci kakhulu kwaye alunakwenzeka ukuba lukhule.

I-Chondrosarcoma engasenazo iintsingiselo ezahlukeneyo

Olu hlobo lubandakanya malunga ne-10% yazo zonke ii-chondrosarcomas. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala. Ikhula ngokukhawuleza kunezinye iintlobo. Ezi thumba zikhula ngokukhawuleza zihlala zikhula kwithambo lengalo ephezulu (i-humerus), ithambo lethanga (i-femur), okanye amathambo e-pelvic.

Ibizwa ngokuba yi-'dedifferentiated' kuba ezinye zeeseli ziqala njengeeseli ze-chondrosarcoma eziqhelekileyo, kodwa kamva ezinye iindawo zethumba zitshintsha zibe ziiseli ze-sarcoma ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Ii-sarcoma ezikumgangatho ophezulu ziimilo zomhlaza ezikhula kwaye zisasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-osteosarcoma, i-fibrosarcoma, kunye ne-pleomorphic sarcoma engahlukanisiweyo.

I-Chondrosarcoma yeSeli ecacileyo

Oku kwenza malunga ne-2% yazo zonke ii-chondrosarcomas. Idla ngokuvela kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-50, kodwa inokwenzeka nakubantu abakwiminyaka engamashumi amabini. Ixhaphake kakhulu ezandleni okanye ezinyaweni, kufutshane nelungu. Ikhula kancinci kwaye ayisasazeki kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

I-Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma

Olu hlobo luxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaselula abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-19 nengama-30. Luhlala lukhula emqondweni, ezimbanjeni, okanye emhlathini. Olu hlobo lukhula ngokukhawuleza kunezinye iintlobo kwaye lunokwanda kwaye luphinde lubuye emva konyango.

I-extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma luhlobo lomhlaza we-mesenchymal. Ikhula kwizicubu ezithambileyo, kungekhona kwithambo okanye kwi-cartilage, yeengalo nemilenze ephezulu.

Zithini iimpawu zeChondrosarcoma?

Ngenxa yokuba uninzi lwee-tumor ze-chondrosarcoma zikhula kancinci, kungathatha iinyanga ukuba iimpawu zibonakale. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezi:

• Intlungu yamathambo kwindawo ethile yomzimba efika ihambe, ingakumbi ebusuku.
• Iqhuma okanye iqhuma elivakala ngathi liqhuma ethanjeni, njengengalo, umlenze, okanye ubambo.
• Ukudinwa .
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngengozi.

Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula oku: Umhlaza wamathambo awuqhelekanga. Iimpawu ezininzi ze-chondrosarcoma ziyafana nezo zezifo ezingengobungozi kangako. Ngoko ke ukuba uneqhuma emlenzeni akuthethi ukuba ngumhlaza wamathambo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uneqhuma elingapheliyo kangangeeveki ezingaphezu kwezimbini, okanye ukuba uziva udiniwe kakhulu ngalo lonke ixesha, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha . Uza kuhlola impilo yakho iyonke aze afumanise unobangela wezi mpawu.

Zithini izizathu zeChondrosarcoma?

Abaphandi abakayazi eyona nto ibangela esi sifo, kodwa bafumanise ukuba sinxulumene neengxaki ezithile zemfuza. Ezi ziquka:

• Isifo sikaLi Fraumeni:Abantu abanale meko banamathuba amaninzi okufumana iithumba ezinomhlaza, kuquka i-chondrosarcoma.
• Isifo sikaMaffucci kunye nesifo sika-Ollier: Ezi zifo zibangela ukuba kubekho iithumba ezingezizo ezomhlaza kwi-cartilage, emathanjeni, naselusu.
• I-Hereditary multiple osteochondromas: Ezi zii-tumors ezininzi, ezingezizo umhlaza ezikhula emathanjeni. Zinokuphazamisa ukukhula kwamathambo.

Kwezinye iimeko, iingcali zezifo ezifunda utshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo kwi-chondrosarcoma zicinga ukuba utshintsho olungelulo oluzuzwe njengelifa kwi-chromosome okanye utshintsho oluthile lwezakhi zofuzo lunokubangela ukuba iiseli ze-cartilage zitshintshe.

Zithini iingxaki zale meko?

Iintlobo ezikhula ngokukhawuleza, ezifana neMesenchymal Chondrosarcoma okanye iDedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma, zinokuba yingozi ebomini kuba zinokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwaye zichaphazele amanye amalungu omzimba.

Ifunyanwa njani iChondrosarcoma?

Ugqirha uza kukubuza imibuzo malunga neempawu zakho. Umzekelo:

• Uqale nini ukuqaphela ezi mpawu?
• Ngaba baba baninzi ngakumbi nangakumbi?
• Zichaphazela njani ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla?

Emva koko uza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba aze acele uvavanyo lomfanekiso okanye i-biopsy.

Uvavanyo lokufota

Oogqirha basebenzisa iimvavanyo zomfanekiso ezifana nezi ukuze baxilonge i-chondrosarcoma:

• Uvavanyo lwe-X-ray.
• Iskeni se-CT `(Iskeni se-CT esibalwe ngekhompyutha)`.
• Iskeni se-MRI `(Iskeni se-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI))`.
• Iskeni yePET `(Iskeni yePositron emission tomography (PET))`.
• Ukuskena amathambo.

I-Biopsy

Ugqirha wakho angakuthumela kugqirha wamathambo, ugqirha oxilonga aze anyange izifo ezifana nomhlaza wamathambo, ukuze kwenziwe i-biopsy. Apho, ingcali yezifo ithatha iqhekeza lesicubu kwiqhubu elirhanelekayo ize ilihlole phantsi kwe-microscope. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-biopsy:

• Ukufunxwa ngenaliti encinci: Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli yethishu usebenzisa inaliti kunye nesirinji.
• I-biopsy yokusika: Ithumba liyasikwa livuleke kwaye kuthathwa isampuli yethishu.
• I-Excisional biopsy: Ithumba lonke okanye inxalenye yezicubu iyasuswa.

Ingcali yezifo ihlola le sampuli yezicubu ukuze ibone ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza na. Ukuba iiseli zinomhlaza, iya kuqinisekisa uhlobo lwethumba kunye nomgangatho wethumba.

Zithini iimpawu zeChondrosarcoma?

Umgangatho wethumba yindlela yokulinganisa ukuba ithumba linokukhula kwaye lisasazeke ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. I-Chondrosarcoma ibekwe kwinqanaba ukusuka ku-1 (I) ukuya ku-3 (III):

• Ii-chondrosarcomas zebanga eliphantsi (zebanga loku-1): Ezi zikwabizwa ngokuba zii-cartilaginous tumors ezingaqhelekanga. Ezi zezona zikhula kancinci kwaye zinethuba elincinci lokusasazeka.
• Ii-chondrosarcomas zebanga eliphakathi (ibanga lesi-2): Ezi zinokwanda kancinci.
• Ii-chondrosarcomas zebanga eliphezulu (ibanga lesi-3): Ezi zezona zinokwenzeka ukuba zisasazeke .

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zeChondrosarcoma?

Ixesha elininzi, kuya kufuneka utyando ukuze kususwe i-chondrosarcoma. Uhlobo lotyando oluya kwenziwa luya kuxhomekeka kwimeko yakho. Oku kuquka uhlobo lwe-chondrosarcoma onayo, apho ithumba likhoyo, kunye nomgangatho walo (ukuba lisasazeke ngokukhawuleza kangakanani). Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zotyando lwe-chondrosarcoma:

• I-Curettage: Kule nkqubo, ugqirha ukhupha izicubu zomhlaza emathanjeni aze afake i-bone graft kwindawo leyo.
• Utyando lokunciphisa amalungu omzimba: Apha, ugqirha ususa ithumba kunye nethambo kunye nemisipha ejikelezileyo. Emva koko, kwenziwa utyando lokwakha ngokutsha ukuze kuthathelwe indawo ithambo kunye nezicubu ezisusiweyo.

Kunqabile kakhulu, ugqirha wakho wamathambo unokucebisa utyando lokususa inxalenye yengalo okanye umlenze wakho (ukunqunyulwa kwemilenze). Kwimeko enjalo, banokucebisa nokusetyenziswa kwelungu lokufakelwa. Kuzo zonke iimeko, uya kufuna unyango lomzimba ukuphucula amandla akho, ibhalansi kunye nokuhambahamba.

Ukuba une-chondrosarcoma engaqhelekanga, efana ne-dedifferentiated okanye i-mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, unganikwa i-chemotherapy okanye unyango lwe-radiation ukunciphisa i-tumor ngaphambi kotyando kunye nokutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo emva kotyando.

Ngaba iChondrosarcoma ingathintelwa?

Hayi ngokwenene, ezi azinakuthintelwa. Esinye isizathu kukuba abaphandi abasazi kakuhle isizathu sokuba zikhule. Kodwa uphando lubonisa ukuba abantu abaneemeko ezithile zofuzo basengozini enkulu yokufumana i-chondrosarcoma. Ngoko ke thetha nogqirha wakho ngembali yezonyango yosapho lwakho. Angavavanya umngcipheko wakho aze acebise amanyathelo okujonga impilo yakho.

Ndingalindela ntoni kule meko?

Ngenxa yokuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-chondrosarcoma, iziphumo ezilindelekileyo (iiprognoses) ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ungalindela ntoni ngokwemeko yakho ethile. Uya kukuvuyela ukukuchazela oku.

Ngaba iChondrosarcoma inganyangeka?

Kwezinye iimeko, iithumba ezincinci kakhulu nezikhula kancinci ze-chondrosarcoma eziqhelekileyo zinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo ngokuzisusa ngotyando. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-chondrosarcoma, ukongeza i-chemotherapy kunokunceda ukunyanga esi sifo.

Ingakanani izinga lokunyangwa kweChondrosarcoma?

Amanqanaba okusinda kwi-chondrosarcoma ayahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwethumba kunye nokuba lisasazeke na kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Lilonke, ama-79% abantu abane-chondrosarcoma baphila iminyaka emihlanu emva kokufunyaniswa ukuba banalo eli gciwane.

Xa ucinga ngezi pesenti, khumbula izinto ezimbalwa:

• Amazinga okuchacha ziingqikelelo, hayi izibikezelo . Ziingqikelelo ezisekelwe kumava abanye abantu, kwaye imeko yakho isenokuba yahlukile kakhulu.
• Olu qikelelo lusekelwe kwinto eyenzekileyo kwixesha elidlulileyo . Umzekelo, la mapesenti asekelwe kwinto eyenzekileyo kubantu abanesifo se-chondrosarcoma phakathi kowama-2012 nowama-2018.
• Amanani okusinda awakuxeleli ukuba uza kuphila ixesha elingakanani .

Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nokuba ithetha ukuthini inqanaba lokunyanga kwimeko yakho, cela ugqirha wakho akuchazele indlela olu qikelelo olusebenza ngayo kwimeko yakho.

Ukuba ndineChondrosarcoma, ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukuphila ne-chondrosarcoma kudla ngokuqala ngokuphola emva konyango. I-Chondrosarcoma idla ngokunyangwa ngotyando. Ngamanye amaxesha, ilungu okanye inxalenye yelungu ingadinga ukususwa ukuze kususwe umhlaza. Emva kokuphola emva kotyando, ukuba usebenzisa ilungu lokufakelwa, kuya kufuneka uqalise inkqubo yokubuyisela umzimba kwimeko yesiqhelo ukuze uqhele.

Usenokufuna uncedo lokuziqhelanisa notshintsho kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla okanye utshintsho kwinkangeleko yakho. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango lomzimba, lomsebenzi okanye lwempilo yengqondo olunokukunceda ulawule le mingeni.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Buza ugqirha wakho malunga notshintsho olusemzimbeni olunokubonisa ukubuya komhlaza, kwaye unxibelelane nini nogqirha wakho ukuba luyenzeka.

Yeyiphi imibuzo endifanele ndiyibuze ugqirha malunga nokuxilongwa kwam?

Nantsi eminye imibuzo onokuyibuza ugqirha wakho:

• Luhlobo luni lweChondrosarcoma endinalo?
• Loluphi unyango olucebisayo?
• Kutheni ucebisa olo nyango?
• Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?
• Zithini iziphumo zale mithi?
• Ukuba ndithatha unyango olucetyiswayo, ngaba i-chondrosarcoma yam ingabuya?

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweChondrosarcoma kunye neOsteosarcoma?

I-Osteosarcoma iqala emathanjeni kwaye idla ngokuvela ebantwaneni. I-Chondrosarcoma iqala kwi-cartilage kwaye idla ngokuvela nakubantu abadala. Oogqirha banokwenza utyando lwe-chondrosarcoma kuphela, kodwa kwi-osteosarcoma, basebenzisa zombini i-chemotherapy kunye notyando.

Okokugqibela, umyalezo obalulekileyo

Ukuchongwa kwalo mhlaza wamathambo ongaqhelekanga, obizwa ngokuba yi-chondrosarcoma, kunokuba linyathelo lokuqala kuhambo olude lokuchacha. Olu hambo ludla ngokuqala ngotyando lokususa umhlaza, kulandele ukuvuselelwa ukuze uphile emva kotyando kunye nolunye unyango.

Nangona lo mhlaza unokunyangeka ngempumelelo, uza kutshintsha ubomi bakho. Ungadinga uncedo lokujongana nemingeni yomzimba neyeemvakalelo. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nemingeni ojongene nayo. Ugqirha wakho kunye neqela lakhe bayayiqonda into ojongene nayo. Njengoko uqala olu hambo, baya kuba nawe kuyo yonke inyathelo lendlela. Ungaze ulahle ithemba!

I- Chondrosarcoma, umhlaza wamathambo, umhlaza we-cartilage, iintlungu zamalungu, iithumba zamathambo, unyango lomhlaza, utyando