Isibindi sisitho esimangalisayo emzimbeni wethu. Sifana nomzi-mveliso omkhulu. Senza imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo efana nokucoca iityhefu, ukunceda ekugayeni ukutya, kunye nokugcina amandla. Nangona kunjalo, esi sibindi sixabisekileyo sinokonakala ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Xa isibindi sonakala ngokuqhubekayo ngokuhamba kwexesha, izicubu zesilonda ziqala ukwakheka endaweni yeeseli eziphilileyo. Leyo yimeko esiyibiza ngokuba yi-cirrhosis.
Yintoni kanye kanye isifo sokutshaya kwesibindi?
Khawucinge ukuba ubunesilonda eluswini sakho esipholileyo saza sashiya isilonda, akunjalo? Yiloo nto eyenzekayo esibindini. Ukuba kukho ukudumba esibindini ixesha elide, isibindi sizama ukuzinyanga. Kule nkqubo, kuvela izicwili zesilonda eziqinileyo nezingasebenzi kakuhle endaweni yezicwili zesibindi ezisempilweni nezithambileyo.
Ngamafutshane, isifo sesibindi sisigaba sokugqibela sesifo sesibindi esingapheliyo. Ngeli xesha, uninzi lweendawo eziphilileyo zesibindi ziye zaba namanxeba. Njengoko esi silonda siqokelelana, isibindi asikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi waso oqhelekileyo wokucoca igazi kunye nokucubungula izondlo. Ekugqibeleni, oku kunokukhokelela ekungasebenzini kwesibindi .
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba amanxeba abangelwa yi-cirrhosis awanakuphinde aguqulwe, oko kukuthi, anyangeke ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, singalawula okanye sinciphise ukwenzeka kwale meko ibe mandundu.
Ngaba kukho amanqanaba e-cirrhosis?
Ewe, isifo sesibindi siya sisiba sibi kancinci kancinci. Masithethe ngaso ngokusihlulahlula sibe ngamanqanaba amabini aphambili.
1. I-Compensated Cirrhosis: Eli linqanaba lokuqala. Kweli nqanaba, nangona isibindi sonakele, inxalenye eseleyo yesibindi esempilweni isakwazi ukuhlawula umonakalo, okanye 'ukuhlawula', kwaye igcine umzimba usebenza. Yiyo loo nto usenokungabi nazimpawu konke konke. Abantu abaninzi abazi nokuba banale meko.
2. I-Decompensated Cirrhosis: Njengoko ixesha lihamba, njengoko inani leethishu zesibindi lisanda, isibindi asisakwazi ukulungisa umonakalo. Kulapho ke iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala khona. Iimpawu ezifana nolwelo esiswini kunye nokutyheli kwamehlo nolusu zibonakala kweli nqanaba. Eli lelona nqanaba linzima kakhulu lesi sifo.
Zeziphi iimpawu esifanele sizijonge?
Iimpawu zesifo sokuqina kwesibindi azibonakali kwangoko. Zihlala zibonakala kuphela emva kokuba isifo sibi kakhulu. Makhe sahlule phakathi kweempawu zokuqala nezexesha elizayo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.
| Iimpawu zokuqala (Inqanaba eliHlanganisiweyo) | Iimpawu eziqatha kamva (Inqanaba lokungahlawuli) |
|---|---|
| - Ukudinwa rhoqo kunye nobuthathaka | - Ukutyheli kwamehlo nolusu (i-Jaundice) |
| - Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya | - Umchamo omnyama kunye nendle ekhanyayo |
| - Isicaphucaphu | - Ulusu olurhawuzelelayo (nokuba amabala angabonakali ngaphandle) |
| - Intlungu esiswini esingaphezulu | - Ukudumba kwesisu, imilenze kunye namaqatha (ngenxa yokugcina ulwelo - ii-Ascites ) |
| - Ububomvu besundu | - Ukunciphisa umzimba kunye nokulahlekelwa yimisipha |
| - Imbonakalo yemithambo yegazi efana nesigcawu phezu kolusu | - Ukopha kunye nokucotha kokubopha igazi nokuba kuthe kwenzeka ingozi encinci |
Kutheni kuvela isifo sesibindi? Zithini izizathu eziphambili?
Nasiphi na isifo esingapheliyo esibangela ukudumba kwesibindi ixesha elide ekugqibeleni sinokukhokelela kwisifo sesibindi. Ezi zezinye zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo kwilizwe lethu nakwihlabathi liphela.
1. Ukusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo (iHepatitis ebangelwa butywala)
Esi sesona sizathu saziwayo nesiyaziwayo. Ukusela utywala kakhulu ixesha elide kubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwisibindi. Oku kubangela ukudumba kwesibindi, okuthi ekuhambeni kwexesha kubangele isifo sesibindi.
2. Isifo sesibindi esinamafutha (MASH)
Igama elipheleleyo lale nto yi-Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Ngamafutshane, yimeko embi ebangelwa kukuqokelelwa kwamafutha esibindini kubantu abangaseliyo utywala. Abantu abaneengxaki ze-metabolic ezifana nesifo seswekile, i-cholesterol ephezulu, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kunye nokutyeba kakhulu basengozini enkulu.
3. Usulelo olungapheliyo lwe-hepatitis B kunye ne-C
I-Hepatitis ligama lezonyango lokudumba kwesibindi. Ukosuleleka yintsholongwane ye-Hepatitis C kunokuba yimeko engapheliyo kubantu abaninzi. Nangona ngoku kukho unyango olusebenzayo loku, abantu abaninzi abazi nokuba banayo le ntsholongwane. Intsholongwane ye-Hepatitis B inokuba yimeko engapheliyo kwabanye abantu. Zombini ezi ntsholongwane zingonakalisa isibindi kwaye zibangele i-cirrhosis xa zikhona ixesha elide.
Ezinye izizathu ezingaqhelekanga
Ukongeza kwezi zizathu zingasentla, kukho nezinye izizathu ezingaqhelekanga:
- Isifo Sokuzikhusela Ngokwasemzimbeni: Ngamanye amaxesha inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela ngomzimba ihlasela iiseli zesibindi ngempazamo. Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne-`(Autoimmune Hepatitis)` kunye ne-`(Primary Biliary Cholangitis)`.
- Iingxaki zeMfuzo: Ezinye izifo ezidluliselwa kwilifa zinokubangela ukuba izinto ezinobuthi ziqokelele esibindini zize zibangele umonakalo. Imizekelo yezi zifo yi `(Wilson Disease)` kunye `(Cystic Fibrosis)`.
- Amayeza athile kunye neetyhefu (i-Toxic Hepatitis): Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kweepilisi ezithile zokudambisa iintlungu (ii-NSAID, i-Acetaminophen) ixesha elide okanye ukuvezwa kwiikhemikhali ezithile ezinobungozi kwindawo engqongileyo kunokonakalisa isibindi.
- Isifo sentliziyo: Ukusilela kwentliziyo okubangelwa kukungafumani igazi okanye ukuncipha komlinganiselo wegazi ofikelela esibindini.
Oogqirha bayifumana njani le nto?
Ukuba ucinga ukuba uneempawu zesifo sokuqina kwesibindi, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Uza kukuhlola aze akubuze ngembali yakho yezonyango, amayeza owasebenzisayo, kunye nendlela ophila ngayo. Emva koko, banokuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo.
1. Uvavanyo lweGazi: Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwesibindi lunokunika umbono wokuba kukho umonakalo wesibindi na kunye nokuba unzima kangakanani. Lukwajonga nokuba amandla okujiya kwegazi anciphile na.
2. Uvavanyo lweMifanekiso: I-ultrasound scan ingajonga ubungakanani, imilo, kunye nemeko yesibindi. Uhlobo oluthile lwe-scan olubizwa ngokuba yi-elastography lunokulinganisa ukuqina kwesibindi, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba zingakanani izicwili zesilonda ezikhoyo.
3. Uvavanyo lwenxalenye encinci yesibindi (iLiver Biopsy):Nangona kungasoloko kuyimfuneko, kwezinye iimeko, iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicwili esivela esibindini lithathwa kusetyenziswa inaliti encinci lize lihlolwe phantsi kwemakroskopu ukuqinisekisa ngokuqinisekileyo isifo kunye nokufumana unobangela.
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Nangona amanxeba abangelwa yi-cirrhosis engenakuguqulwa, unyango luneenjongo ezimbini eziphambili. Eyokuqala kukuphelisa umonakalo ongakumbi kwisibindi. Eyesibini kukulawula iingxaki ezibangelwa sisifo.
Ukunyanga unobangela
- Amayeza: Ngoku kukho amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane anokunyanga ngokupheleleyo usulelo lwentsholongwane olufana nehepatitis C. Kukho amayeza okulawula ihepatitis B. Izifo ezizikhusela ngokwazo zinyangwa ngamayeza alawula inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
- Unyango lotywala: Ukuba utywala bungunobangela wesifo sokutshaya kwesibindi, unyango olulodwa nolungcono kukuyeka ukusela utywala ngokupheleleyo. Oku kunokufuna iingcebiso kunye nonyango olukhethekileyo.
- Ukulawula izinto ezibangela imetabolism: Ukuba isifo sibangelwa lisibindi esinamafutha, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula izinto ezifana ne-cholesterol, isifo seswekile, kunye nokunciphisa umzimba.
Ukutya kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
Nokuba yintoni imbangela yesifo sesibindi, ukuphepha utywala kunye namayeza angeyomfuneko kubalulekile ukukhusela isibindi.
Kubalulekile nokutya ukutya okunempilo, ukulawula ubunzima bakho, kunye nokuthatha izongezo zesondlo ezifunekayo njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele.
Unyango lweengxaki
Iingxaki ezenzekayo xa isifo siba sibi kakhulu nazo kufuneka zinyangwe.
- Ukuba isisu sizaliswe ngamanzi (`(Ascites)`), amanzi asuswa ngesirinji (`(Paracentesis)`).
- Ukuba uhlanza igazi, imithambo yegazi iyamiswa nge-endoscopy (Endoscopy) kunye ne-sclerotherapy (Sclerotherapy).
- I-Dialysis inokuba yimfuneko kwiimeko ezinje ngokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
Ukufakelwa kwesibindi
Xa zonke ezinye iindlela zonyango zingaphumelelanga kwaye kukho umngcipheko wokungasebenzi kakuhle kwesibindi, ukhetho lokugqibela oluqwalaselwayo kukufakelwa isibindi. Oku kubandakanya ukususa isibindi esinesifo size sifakwe esiphilileyo.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ube nethemba lobomi ngesi sifo?
Le yingxaki ebucayi kakhulu. Ubungakanani bobomi bomntu onesifo sesibindi buxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Izinto ezifana nokuba isifo sinzima kangakanani, iingxaki eziye zavela, indlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo kunyango, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.
Oogqirha basebenzisa iinkqubo zokuvavanya amanqaku ezifana ne-"Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP)" kunye ne-"Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD)" ukuze bafumane umbono wobunzima besifo kunye noqikelelo lwexesha elizayo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumanisa isifo kwangethuba (inqanaba elihlawulelwayo) kunye nonyango oluchanekileyo lwesizathu.Ngonyango kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, abantu abaninzi banokumisa esi sifo ukuba singabi mandundu baze baphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo ixesha elide. Ngoko ke musa ukuphelelwa lithemba. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela iingcebiso zonyango ezifanelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Cirrhosis kukwakheka kwezicubu zesilonda esibindini ngenxa yomonakalo ohlala ixesha elide.
- Ukusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo, isifo sesibindi esinamafutha, kunye neentsholongwane ze-hepatitis B kunye ne-C zezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela oku.
- Ekubeni iimpawu zisenokungabonakali kwasekuqaleni, kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo ngugqirha ukuba unezinto ezibangela umngcipheko (isifo seswekile, ukutyeba kakhulu, ukusebenzisa utywala).
- Nangona amanxeba engenakuphiliswa ngokupheleleyo, unyango lunokuthintela okanye lulawule ukuqhubeka kwesifo.
- Ukuba uneempawu okanye unamathandabuzo, bona ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuze akunike icebiso.
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