Ngaba wakha wacinga ngale nxalenye incinci, kodwa ibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu, intliziyo ? Ifana nenjini encinci emzimbeni wethu, enobukhulu benqindi lakho. Isebenza imini yonke, nokuba silele. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale nxalenye imangalisayo, indlela esebenza ngayo, izifo ezihambisana nayo kunye nento esinokuyenza ukuze siyigcine isempilweni.
Yintoni ukutshaya?
Ngamafutshane, ukutshaya kukuzisonga iqhekeza lesityalo, ngesiqhelo icuba, kwigqabi (esilibiza ngokuba yicuba), ukukhanyisa elinye icala laso, utsale umsi emlonyeni wakho usuka kwelinye icala, uze uwukhuphe. Xa uphefumla lo msi, uhamba ngendledlana yakho yokuphefumla , uye emiphungeni yakho, uze usuke apho uye egazini lakho, apho uhamba uye engqondweni yakho nakwamanye amalungu omzimba wakho.
Nangona siza kuthetha kakhulu ngeecuba zecuba kweli nqaku, abantu basebenzisa nezinto ezifana neecuba, iipayipi, i-marijuana (intsangu/ukhula/imbiza), okanye iicuba ezenziwe ngamayeza athile.
Yintoni ekwicuba?
Izithako eziphambili kwicuba eliqhelekileyo esilithenga evenkileni zezi:
- Iindawo zezityalo: Kwimeko yecuba , eli ligqabi elomileyo nelinongwe kakuhle kunye neengcambu zesityalo secuba (`Nicotiana tabacum`).
- Isigqubuthelo sephepha esijikelezayo: Eli liphepha apho iindawo zezityalo zisongelwa khona.
- Isihluzo/isigarethi: Xa uphefumla, esi sihluzo siyayithintela eminye yemicu emikhulu yecuba elivuthayo ukuba ingangeni emlonyeni wakho. Kodwa umsi udlula kuso.
Kutheni abantu bebhenela ekutshayeni?
Abantu bayatshaya kuba becinga ukuba kuya kubanika ulonwabo nokonwaba. Kwakhona, xa beqalile, kunzima ukuyeka, nangona besazi ukuba kuyingozi kangakanani emzimbeni. Isizathu esiphambili soku kukunqwenela ngamandla i-nicotine engqondweni yethu.Xa ungafumani nicotine, uziva ungakhululekanga kwaye ungonwabanga.
Xa i-nicotine ifika engqondweni, ikhupha iikhemikhali ezikwenza uzive ulungile. Xa utshaya, unokuziva oku kulandelayo:
- Umoya wokukhanya nokuzola.
- Ukukhuthaza nokuphefumlela.
- Nika ingqalelo engakumbi kwinto ethile.
Ukutshaya sisenzo sentlalo kwabanye, yinxalenye yemisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla, njengokusela ikofu kusasa. Ungatshaya ukuze wonwabe, ukuze uzole ngaphambi kokuba uye esidlangalaleni, okanye ukukunceda ugxile emsebenzini. Abanye abantu bayayithanda incasa, okanye abanye bayayithanda nje indlela evakala ngayo icuba esandleni sabo.
Yintoni ebangela ukutshaya emzimbeni wakho?
Ukutshaya kuchaphazela yonke into ukususela kwinkangeleko yolusu lwakho kunye nezinzipho ukuya kwindlela esebenza ngayo izicubu zakho, amalungu omzimba, kwaye ekugqibeleni i-DNA yakho . Iziphumo zokutshaya emzimbeni wakho ziqala kwangoko xa utshaya icuba. Amawaka eekhemikhali ezikhutshwa kukutsha kwecuba aqala uhambo lwazo oluyingozi ngaphambi kokuba utsale nakanye.
Xa uvula icuba uze ulifake emlonyeni wakho...
Xa utshaya icuba, ubushushu bukhupha i-nicotine, kunye ne-tar, intsalela yecuba . Xa ubeka icuba emilebeni yakho, le tar ingcolisa iinzipho zakho. Umsi womisa ulusu lwakho, ubangele ukuba luvuvuke, nto leyo ekhokelela kwimibimbi enzulu . Ukuba uphefumla umsi ngempumlo yakho, wonakalisa iziphelo zemithambo-luvo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kunokunciphisa imvakalelo yakho yokuvumba .
Xa uphefumla umsi wecuba...
Xa utshaya icuba, umsi udlula kwisihluzo. Oku kuthintela uninzi lwamasuntswana amakhulu ukuba angangeni, kodwa itar, i-nicotine, kunye nezinye iikhemikhali zisangena. Itar ingcolisa amazinyo akho, igqume iintsini zakho, kwaye igqume ulwimi lwakho . Yonakalisa i-enamel yamazinyo akho, ikwenza ube sesichengeni sokubola kwamazinyo kunye nesifo seentsini , kwaye inciphisa amandla akho okungcamla ukutya okuthandayo.
Xa umsi udlula kwiindlela zakho zomoya...
Njengoko umsi ungena emiphungeni yakho, itar igquma umqala wakho kunye neentambo zomlomo. Oku kunokubangela ukuba ukhohlele.Njengoko zidlula kwiindlela zakho zomoya, i-tar kunye ne-hydrogen cyanide (igesi enobuthi) zivala iinwele ezincinci ezibizwa ngokuba yi-cilia . Njengeempumlo zomtshayelo, ezi cilia zinoxanduva lokubamba iintsholongwane kunye nezinye iinxalenye eziyingozi kwaye zizikhuphe emiphungeni yakho. Xa ezi zonakele, unokuba sengozini yokufumana usulelo lokuphefumla .
Xa umsi ungena emiphungeni uze uxubane negazi...
Xa umsi ungena emiphungeni yakho, wonakalisa iingxowa ezincinci zomoya (i-alveoli) emiphungeni yakho. Oku kunokukhokelela kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-emphysema , uhlobo lwesifo semiphunga esibizwa ngokuba yi-COPD (isifo semiphunga esingapheliyo). Kwingxowa zakho zomoya (i-alveoli), i-carbon monoxide evela kumsi ingena egazini lakho . Isusa ioksijini kwiiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi, inciphise iiseli zakho kunye nezicubu zakho ioksijini. Oku kunqongophala kweoksijini kunokukwenza uzive uphelelwa ngumoya . Iiseli zakho zixelela umzimba wakho ukuba ufumane ioksijini engaphezulu, kodwa oku kubangela ukudumba kunye nokuqokelelwa kwe-mucus, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla.
Njengoko ihamba ngemithambo yegazi yakho, i-nicotine yonakalisa ulwelo lwemithambo yegazi yakho. Oku kubangela ukuba iqine kwaye inciphe , kwaye iiseli zegazi zinamathele kuyo. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wakho wokuqhekeka kwegazi, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, kunye nokubetha . Kumadoda, ukuhamba kwegazi okuphantsi kunokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile .
Xa iikhemikhali zihamba emzimbeni wonke ngegazi...
Xa iikhemikhali ezikumsi wecuba zingena egazini lakho, zihamba emzimbeni wakho wonke. Oku kungonakalisa la malungu omzimba wakho:
- Amathambo: I-Nicotine inciphisa ukufunxwa kwe-calcium kunye nokuveliswa kweeseli ezakha amathambo. Oku kwenza amathambo akho abe mancinci kwaye abe buthathaka ngakumbi .
- Amehlo: Iikhemikhali ezikwicuba kunye nokungabikho kweoksijini konakalisa amehlo akho. Oku kunokukhokelela kwi-cataracts, i-macular degeneration, kwanokulahlekelwa kukubona .
- Inkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba : Ukutshaya kubangela ukudumba okungapheliyo, nto leyo ewenza buthathaka inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba. Oku kukwenza ube sesichengeni sokufumana izifo kwaye kunokukhokelela kwizifo ezizikhuselayo emzimbeni .
- Iihomoni:I-Nicotine inokubangela utshintsho kwiihomoni, olunokuchaphazela ukuzala kwakho .
- I-DNA: Izinto ezifana ne-arsenic, i-nickel, kunye ne-radioactive polonium zingonakalisa i-DNA yakho, kwaye zithintele izinto ezisetyenziswa ngumzimba wakho ukuyilungisa. Umonakalo we-DNA ungakhokelela kumhlaza kwaye ungabangela iingxaki zokuzala ngokonakalisa isidoda .
Xa i-nicotine ifikelela engqondweni...
I-Nicotine ihamba ngqo ukusuka egazini ukuya engqondweni yakho. Apho, ivuselela ii-receptor ezithile engqondweni , ikhuphe iikhemikhali 'ezivakala kamnandi' ezifana ne-dopamine, i-adrenaline, i-endorphins, kunye ne-serotonin. Kulapho i-nicotine 'buzz' ingena khona. Ifana ne-nicotine patch ekwenza uzive ukhululekile, wonwabile, okanye uhlaziyekile. Uthatha loo mphunga wokuqala kwaye ngumcimbi wemizuzwana nje.
Xa ufumana imali yokurhoxisa...
Isibindi sakho sicubungula i-nicotine, kwaye kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kokutshaya icuba, uyayikhupha emchameni wakho. Umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa 'yingxolo' kwaye unqwenela okungakumbi, okukukhuthaza ukuba utshaye enye. Ukuba awukwenzi oko, uya kuba neempawu zokurhoxa, ezinje ngokungakwazi ukuzibamba, ukuxhalaba, ukudakumba, ukucaphuka, umsindo, kunye nokungalali . Ekuhambeni kwexesha, umzimba wakho uyaqhelana ne-nicotine ('ukunyamezela'), kwaye udinga i-nicotine engakumbi ukuze uzive kamnandi. Oku kukhokelela ekuxhomekekeni kwi-nicotine .
Ukuba ukhulelwe, oku kunokuchaphazela nomntwana ongekazalwa...
Ukuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi kwi-placenta nakwi-umbilical cord kunciphisa ubungakanani begazi elifikelela kwi-fetus . Igazi elidlula kwi-placenta liqulethe i-carbon monoxide, i-nicotine, kunye nezinye iikhemikhali eziyingozi. Oku kunokunciphisa i-oksijini kwi-fetus kwaye konakalise i-DNA yayo . Abafazi abatshayayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa banamathuba amaninzi okuphuphuma kwezisu . Iintsana ezizelwe ngabantu abatshayayo zinokuba nobunzima obuphantsi, iingxaki zentliziyo nemiphunga, kunye nokulibaziseka kokukhula .
Zithini iziphumo zokutshaya kwimpilo?
Nangona abantu abaninzi benxulumanisa ukutshaya nomhlaza wemiphunga kuphela, ukutshaya kunokubangela umhlaza wemiphunga.Iimeko ezininzi zempilo ezichaphazela phantse yonke indawo yomzimba zinokwenzeka okanye zonyuse umngcipheko wazo.
Ukutshaya kwandisa umngcipheko wesifo semiphunga, isifo sentliziyo, isifo samehlo, isifo seswekile, isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuba yirheumatoid arthritis, ukungasebenzi kakuhle ngokwesondo, kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza.
Ngaba imiphunga iyaphola emva kokuyeka ukutshaya?
Ewe, imiphunga yakho kunye neendlela zomoya zingaqala ukuphola ngandlela ithile xa uyeka ukutshaya. Kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuyeka, ukudumba kunye nokuveliswa kwe-mucus kuya kuncipha, kwaye kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, i-cilia iya kuphinda ikhule. Enyanisweni, iinkqubo ezininzi emzimbeni wakho ziya kuqala ukuphola emva kokuba uyeke ukutshaya. Umonakalo othile usenokungaze ulungiswe ngokupheleleyo (njenge-COPD), kodwa umngcipheko wakho wezifo ezininzi uya kuncipha kakhulu ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ndingayeka njani ukutshaya?
Zininzi iindlela zokukunceda uyeke ukutshaya. Kusenokufuneka uzame iindlela ezimbalwa ezahlukeneyo ukuze ufumane leyo ikulungeleyo.
| Indlela yokumisa | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ndima ngequbuliso (`I-cold turkey`) | Ukuyeka ngequbuliso ngaphandle koncedo. Oku kunokuba nzima ngenxa yeempawu zokurhoxa. |
| Unyango lokutshintsha iNicotine (NRT) | Ukunqwenela i-nicotine kulawulwa ziimveliso ezifana netshungama, iipatches, kunye neelozenji. |
| Amayeza abhalwe ngugqirha | Amayeza anjenge-bupropion okanye i-varenicline anokunceda ukulawula iimpawu zokurhoxa. |
| Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila | Ukuzilolonga, ukutshintsha iindlela oqhele ukuzenza, kunye nokunika iingcebiso kunokunceda ekuyekeni imikhwa. |
Okokugqibela, ndimele ndithi...
Ukongeza kwiindlela ezikunceda uyeke ukutshaya, kunokunceda ukukhumbula ukuba uza kuziva ungcono kangakanani ekuhambeni kwexesha . Uya kukwazi ukubuyela ekwenzeni izinto obukade uzonwabela, ukonwabele incasa kunye nevumba lokutya kwakhona, ukhusele impilo yabathandekayo bakho, kwaye mhlawumbi wonge imali. Cela inkxaso kubahlobo bakho, usapho, kunye noogqirha - baxelele ngotshintsho olwenzayo kunye nendlela abanokukunceda ngayo. Khumbula, akufuneki udlule kolu hambo wedwa.
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