Ngaba ungumntu onesifo seswekile? Ukuba ulindele umntwana, mhlawumbi unemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho. Kuqhelekile ukuzibuza, "Ngaba isifo seswekile sam siya kuyichaphazela umntwana wam?", "Ndingenza ntoni ngeli xesha?", "Ngaba ndiza kukwazi ukwenza yonke into ngokuchanekileyo?" Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ukuba ulawula kakuhle, ngokuqinisekileyo ungazisa umntwana osempilweni nomhle emhlabeni nokuba unesifo seswekile. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokucacileyo nangokulula.
Okokuqala, masiqonde: Esi asisosifo seswekile sokukhulelwa!
Kulapho abantu abaninzi badideka khona. Abanye abantu baba nesifo seswekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa kuphela. Siyibiza ngokuba sisifo seswekile sokukhulelwa. Esi sifo sidla ngokunyamalala emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe.
Kodwa asikuko oko sithetha ngako kweli nqaku. Sithetha ngendlela yokulawula ukukhulelwa kwakho ukuba unesifo seswekile esele sikhona , nokuba sisifo sohlobo 1 okanye sohlobo 2. Oogqirha bakwabiza oku ngokuthi "sisifo seswekile sangaphambi kokukhulelwa." Nokuba sele uqhele kangakanani na ukuhlala nesifo seswekile, ukukhulelwa ngumceli mngeni omtsha ngokupheleleyo.
Kutheni ukukhulelwa nesifo seswekile 'kuyingozi kakhulu'?
Ewe, xa umntu onesifo seswekile sohlobo 1 okanye sohlobo 2 ekhulelwa, sibeka esi sifo 'njengomngcipheko ophezulu' . Oku akukoyikisi, kodwa kukukhumbuza ukuba wena nomntwana wakho nidinga unyango olukhethekileyo. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kunijonga ngokusondeleyo kuba amanqanaba aphezulu okanye aphantsi eswekile egazini awalunganga kuwe okanye kumntwana wakho.
Ngeli xesha, ungadinga uncedo lwezinye iingcali ukongeza kwingcali yakho yokubelekisa kunye ne-gynecologist.
- Ingcali yezonyango zoMama nosana (MFM): Ugqirha onolwazi olukhethekileyo kwezi ntlobo zeemeko ezikhethekileyo.
- Ingcali ye-Endocrinologist: Ugqirha ogxile kwiihomoni kunye nesifo seswekile.
- Ingcali Yokutya Ebhalisiweyo: Iya kukunceda ulungiselele ukutya okufanelekileyo xa ukhulelwe kwaye unesifo seswekile.
- Utitshala wesifo seswekile: Umntu oqeqeshwe ngokukodwa onokuphendula imibuzo yakho aze akunike iingcebiso malunga nolawulo lwesifo seswekile.
Khumbula, aba bantu balapha ukukunceda. Ngoko ke ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nabo ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo.
Ufanele uzilungiselele njani ngaphambi kokuba nomntwana?
Ukuba unesifo seswekile, qala ukucinga ngokuba nomntwana ubuncinane kwiinyanga ezi-6 ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe.Kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Ngenxa yokuba kuya kufuneka ugcine amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho elawulwa phantsi kolawulo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho, kubalulekile ukuba ulungiselele oko kwangethuba.
Oogqirha badla ngokucebisa ukuba ugcine i-A1C yakho kwi-6.5% okanye ngaphantsi ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Oku kungenxa yokuba amalungu aphambili omntwana, njengengqondo nentliziyo, ayakheka kwiiveki zokuqala zokukhulelwa. Ukuba amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho akalawuleki ngeli xesha, oku kunokuchaphazela ukukhula komntwana wakho.
Iingenelo zokudibana neqela lezonyango kwangethuba zezi:
- Baza kukunceda ukubuyisela amanqanaba akho eswekile kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.
- Ungathetha nengcali yesondlo uze wenze isicwangciso sokutya esinempilo esifanelekileyo xa ukhulelwe.
- Kusenokufuneka wenze utshintsho kumayeza akho eswekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ungafumanisa oku kwangaphambili.
- Ungacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise iteknoloji entsha, efana neContinuous Glucose Monitor (CGM) okanye iInsulin Pump. Eli lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuqhela kwangethuba.
- Ungayijonga impilo yamehlo akho, izintso, kunye nentliziyo yakho ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe, kuba ezinye iingxaki ezibangelwa sisifo seswekile (ezifana ne-"Retinopathy" kunye ne-"Nephropathy") zinokwanda okanye zivelise ezintsha ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Ulawulo lwesifo seswekile lutshintsha njani ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
Kukho utshintsho olukhulu olubalulekileyo kwindlela olawula ngayo isifo seswekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
1. Gcina amanqanaba eswekile egazini elawulwa: Ukuze unciphise iingxaki, kufuneka ulumke ngakumbi ngamanqanaba eswekile yakho kunesiqhelo.
2. Ukutshintsha kweemfuno ze-insulin: Ubungakanani be-insulin oyifunayo buhlala butshintsha ngotshintsho lweehomoni emzimbeni.
3. Ukulinganisela iimfuno zokutya: Ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile ngelixa ufumana izondlo ezifunekayo ekukhuleni komntwana ngumceli mngeni.
Iinjongo zokugcina amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho ngexesha lokukhulelwa
La ngamanqanaba ekujoliswe kuwo adla ngokucetyiswa ngoogqirha. Nangona kunjalo, la angahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho. Ke ngoko , kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho.
| Ixesha lokujonga | Inqanaba leswekile ekujoliswe kulo (mg/dL) |
|---|---|
| Ukuzila ukutya (ngaphambi kwesidlo sakusasa) | Ngaphantsi kwe-95 mg/dL |
| Iyure enye emva kwesidlo esiphambili | Ngaphantsi kwe-140 mg/dL |
| Iiyure ezimbini emva kwesidlo esiphambili | Ngaphantsi kwe-120 mg/dL |
Ukuze ufikelele kwezi njongo, kuya kufuneka wenze oku kulandelayo:
- Lumka malunga nobungakanani beecarbohydrates ekutyeni okutyayo.
- Faka i-insulin imizuzu eli-10-15 ngaphambi kokutya.
- Zilolonge ukuze uncede ekulawuleni amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho (thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto).
Indlela iimfuno ze-insulin ezitshintsha ngayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa
Lo ngowona mceli mngeni mkhulu kubantu abaninzi. Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, iihomoni zomzimba wakho zitshintsha kakhulu. Ngenxa yoku, ubungakanani be-insulin oyifunayo butshintsha rhoqo.
- Ikota yokuqala (iinyanga ezi-3 zokuqala): Abanye abantu banesidingo esincinci se-insulin ngeli xesha, kodwa oku akuqhelekanga kuwo wonke umntu.
- Emva kweeveki ezili-16: Ngeli xesha, iihomoni ezikhutshwa yi-placenta zonyusa ukumelana komzimba ne-insulin. Oku kwenzeka nakubantu abangenaso isifo seswekile. Ngenxa yoko, ubungakanani be-insulin oyifunayo buyanda kancinci kancinci.
- Kwiiveki ezingama-36-37: Okwangoku usenokufuna i-insulin ephindwe kabini okanye kathathu kuneyayifuneka ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.
- Emva kokubeleka: Okumangalisayo kukuba, emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe kwaye i-placenta izelwe, iimfuno zakho ze-insulin ziyehla kakhulu. Ungadinga isixa esifanayo nesakho ngaphambi kokukhulelwa okanye ngaphantsi. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngale nto nogqirha wakho kwangaphambili uze wenze icebo.
Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo endimele ndizilindele ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
Ngenxa yokuba unesifo seswekile, kuya kufuneka wenze iimvavanyo zonyango kunye neeskeni ezingaphezulu kunomama okhulelweyo oqhelekileyo. Ezi zenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho uyakhula kwaye usempilweni.
| Uvavanyo | Kutheni le nto? |
|---|---|
| I-Echocardiogram yosana olusesiswini | Ekubeni isifo seswekile sinyusa umngcipheko wokuzalwa kwesifo sentliziyo kumntwana, jonga ulwakhiwo lwentliziyo yomntwana. |
| Iiskeni zokukhula | Ukukhula komntwana kuhlolwa rhoqo emva kweeveki ezimbalwa. Iintsana ezizelwe ngoomama abanesifo seswekile zisengozini yokuba zikhulu kunesiqhelo (i-Fetal Macrosomia). |
| Uvavanyo olungelulo uxinezeleko (i-NST) | Kwenziwa kanye ngeveki kwisiqingatha sokugqibela sokukhulelwa. Ukubetha kwentliziyo kunye neentshukumo zomntwana ziyajongwa. |
| Iprofayili yeBiophysical (BPP) | Olu lukwaluvavanyo lokuhlola. Lulinganisa iintshukumo zokuphefumla komntwana, ithoni yemisipha, intshukumo, kunye nobungakanani bolwelo lwe-amniotic esibelekweni. |
Ziziphi iingozi kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho?
Kubalulekile ukugcina amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho ephantsi kolawulo ukuze unciphise ezi ngozi. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ezi zinto, kodwa ungoyiki ukuba zonke ezi zinto ziza kwenzeka kuwe.
Iingozi ezinokubakho kumntwana
- Iziphene zokuzalwa: Umngcipheko wokuba neziphene zokuzalwa, ingakumbi iziphene zentliziyo, uyanda kancinci.
- Usana olukhulu kunesiqhelo (i-Fetal Macrosomia): Ubunzima bosana bunokudlula i-4 kg. Oku kunokubangela ubunzima kumama nakumntwana ngexesha lokubeleka.
- Ukuzalwa Kwangaphambi Kwexesha: Ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki, umntwana unokufuneka azalwe ngaphambi komhla wokuzalwa.
- Emva kokuzalwa: Emva kokuzalwa komntwana, iimeko ezifana neswekile ephantsi egazini, ubunzima bokuphefumla, kunye ne-jaundice zinokubakho. Ngamaxesha anjalo, umntwana unokufuna ukugcinwa kwigumbi lokhathalelo oluphezulu lweentsana ezisandula ukuzalwa (i-NICU).
Iingozi kuwe (umama)
- I-Preeclampsia: Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye neproteni kumchamo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Isifo seswekile sisona sibangela esi sifo.
- Imfuneko yotyando lwebele (C-section): Ukuzala okuqhelekileyo kunokuba nzima ngenxa yobukhulu bomntwana.
- Amanqanaba aphantsi eswekile egazini (iHypoglycemia):Xa uzama ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho, ngamanye amaxesha amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho anokuba sezantsi kakhulu.
- I-Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA): Le meko inokwenzeka kakhulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngenxa yokwanda kokuxhathisa kwe-insulin. Ukucaphuka kwasekuseni nako kunokuba yimbangela.
- Ezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene nesifo seswekile: Iziphumo zesifo seswekile kumalungu omzimba afana namehlo nezintso zinokwanda ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Ujamelana njani nale ngxaki? Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Ukuphila nesifo seswekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokuba nzima engqondweni nasemzimbeni, kodwa ukuba ulandela la manyathelo ngokuchanekileyo, ungaphumelela kolu hambo.
- Jonga amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho rhoqo njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele.
- Zama konke okusemandleni akho ukugcina amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho ngaphakathi koluhlu olujoliswe kulo.
- Sebenzisa i-insulin kunye neminye imithi njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele.
- Musa ukulibazisa nayiphi na ikliniki okanye uvavanyo.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo nokunokulinganisela.
- Yeka ukusela utywala nokutshaya ngokupheleleyo.
- Cinga nangempilo yakho yengqondo. Ukuba uziva uxinezelekile, thetha nomhlobo okanye ugqirha.
Ukuba unale mpawu, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukuba awukwazi ukulawula amanqanaba akho eswekile | Nokuba uzama kangakanani na, amanqanaba eswekile yakho ahlala ephezulu okanye engaphantsi komlinganiselo ofunekayo. |
| Ukuba iintshukumo zomntwana ziphantsi | Ukuba uziva ngathi umntwana wakho akashukumi kakuhle kunesiqhelo. |
| Ukuphuma kwegazi okanye ukuphuma kwegazi kwi-vaginal | Ukuba kukho ukukhupha amanzi okanye igazi eliphumayo. |
| Ezinye iimpawu | Ukuba umbono wakho awubonakali kakuhle, uziva unxaniwe kakhulu, okanye uhlanza rhoqo. |
Khumbula, ukuba kukho nantoni na ekuxhalabisayo, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko lwakho nolomntwana wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Nokuba unesifo seswekile, ngokucwangcisa nokulawula ngendlela efanelekileyo, ungazala umntwana osempilweni.
- Ngaphambi kokuba ucinge ngokuba nomntwana, thetha nogqirha wakho kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kwangaphambili uze ulawule amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho.
- Ukukhulelwa kufana 'nomdlalo weqela.' Wena, usapho lwakho, kunye neqela lakho lezonyango kufuneka nihambe kunye kolu hambo.
- Iimfuno zakho ze-insulin ziya kutshintsha rhoqo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho, ngoko ke yenza naluphi na utshintsho olufunekayo njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye unenkxalabo, thetha ngokukhululekileyo neqela lakho lezonyango. Bakulungele ukukunceda.
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