Ubusazi na ukuba igazi elihamba ngemithambo yakho ngamanye amaxesha linokujija ngokungeyomfuneko? Ukuba ijija legazi elinjalo liya engqondweni, lingabangela isifo sohlangothi, kwaye ukuba liya entliziyweni, linokubangela isifo sentliziyo. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngohlobo oluthile lwamayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukuthintela ezi meko ziyingozi. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-Direct Thrombin Inhibitors.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ezi Direct Thrombin Inhibitors?
La mayeza athintela ukujiya kwegazi. Yinto esidla ngokuyibiza ngokuba "zizinto ezinciphisa igazi." Kodwa indlela asebenza ngayo yahlukile kancinci. Ingcamango yokwenza la mayeza isekelwe kwiproteni efumaneka kumathe ee-leeches. Usenokuba ukhe weva ukuba ii-leeches zazisetyenziselwa unyango ngaphambili.
Uninzi lwabantu emhlabeni lufa ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo. Isizathu esiphambili saloo nto kukuqhekeka kwegazi. Ngoko ke oogqirha banika amayeza anje ukuze basindise abantu kule ngozi.
Zeziphi iimeko ezisetyenziswa leli yeza?
Olu hlobo lwamayeza, olubizwa ngokuba zi-direct thrombin inhibitors, ludla ngokusetyenziswa ukuthintela okanye ukunyanga amahlwili egazi abangelwa ziimeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na.
| Imeko yesifo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-acute coronary syndrome (ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya entliziyweni) | Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni okanye ukuhamba kwegazi kancinci. |
| I-thrombocytopenia ebangelwa yi-heparin (HIT) | Ingxaki ebangelwa ngomnye umnciphisi wegazi obizwa ngokuba yi-heparin. |
| I-VTE (i-VTE) yokukhupha imithambo yegazi emzimbeni | Ihlwili legazi emthanjeni emzimbeni. |
| I-Atrial Fibrillation (i-Afib) | Umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi kunye nesifo sohlangothi ngenxa yokubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo. |
| Emva kotyando lokutshintshwa kwesinqe | Nciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi emva kotyando. |
| Ihlwili legazi kumthambo onzulu emlenzeni (i-Deep vein thrombosis - DVT) | Amahlwili egazi, ingakumbi kwimithambo enzulu yemilenze. |
| Ukuqhekeka kwegazi emiphungeni (i-Pulmonary embolism) | Ihlwili legazi elenzeka kwenye indawo emzimbeni liya emiphungeni lize lihlale apho. |
Ukongeza, unganikwa eli yeza ngexesha lonyango olufana ne-angioplasty, evula imithambo yegazi entliziyweni yakho.
Ngawaphi amayeza akweli candelo?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza okuthintela i-thrombin ngokuthe ngqo asetyenziswa kakhulu eSri Lanka nakwihlabathi liphela.
- I-Argatroban (le inikwa njengenaliti ye-IV)
- I-Bivalirudin (le ikwanikwa njengenaliti ye-intravenous - inaliti ye-IV)
- I-Dabigatran (yile nto uyithathayo njengepilisi)
Eli yeza lisebenza njani emzimbeni?
Kulula kakhulu. Njengoko igama lisitsho, eli yeza liya ngqo kwi -enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yiThrombin kwaye liyenza ingasebenzi.
Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba yintoni le Thrombin. Ngamafutshane, iThrombin yinto ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokujiya kwegazi emzimbeni wethu. Kufana nompheki oyintloko olungiselela ukutya. Okwenziwa leli yeza kukugcina loo mpheki ecaleni. Emva koko inkqubo yokujiya kwegazi ayenzeki kakuhle. Ngoko ke ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi angafunekiyo kuyayeka. Uyaqonda?
Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha eli yeza linokubangela ukopha okuphezulu. Kukho inaliti ekhethekileyo enokuguqula imiphumo yepilisi iDabigatran. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Idarucizumab'. Nangona kunjalo, akukho yeza likhethekileyo lonyango olufakwa kwimithambo yegazi. Nangona kunjalo, xa iyeza liyekiwe, imiphumo yalo iya kuphela emva kwexesha elithile.
Kufuneka ndithathe eli yeza ixesha elingakanani?
Iyahluka kumntu nomntu. Abanye abantu badinga ukuyithatha ixesha elifutshane, njengenyanga emva kotyando lokutshintshwa kwethanga. Kodwa umntu osengozini enkulu yokuqhekeka kwegazi unokufuna ukusela eli yeza ubomi bakhe bonke . Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ngokuchanekileyo into amakayenze.
Ziziphi iingenelo zolu hlobo lweyeza?
Olu hlobo lutsha lwamayeza luneengenelo ezininzi kuneziyobisi ezindala.
- Iziphumo ziyafana: Ekubeni ezi zichaphazela ngqo iTrombin, ungalindela iziphumo ezifanayo kwidosi efanayo ngalo lonke ixesha.
- Akukho kuncipha kweeplatelets: Ngokungafaniyo namanye amayeza amadala, la awanciphisi amanqanaba eplatelets, anceda ukujiya kwegazi.
- Akunyanzelekanga ukuba uvavanye igazi lakho rhoqo: Amanye amayeza, afana neWarfarin, afuna uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo ukujonga ukuba igazi lakho likhawuleza kangakanani ukujiya. Kodwa eli yeza alifuni loo nto.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa: I-Dabigatran, ethathwa njengepilisi, inobungozi obuphantsi bokopha kunye nokusebenzisana namanye amayeza xa ithelekiswa ne-Warfarin.
- Kulula ukuyisebenzisa: Kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa kuba kufuneka usele ipilisi kanye okanye kabini ngemini.
- Olunye ukhetho: Olu lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwabo bangenakusebenzisa amayeza afana neHeparin.
Isebenza kangakanani le mithi? Kwaye zithini iingozi zayo?
Uphando lufumanise ukuba eli yeza likhuselekile kwaye lisebenza kakuhle njengeWarfarin okanye iHeparin. Nangona kunjalo, alifanelekanga kubantu abanezifo ezithile zevalvu yentliziyo.
Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo apha kukuba ixesha elihlala ngalo eli yeza emzimbeni liyancitshiswa. Umzekelo, xa uthatha idosi yeWarfarin, malunga ne-50% yayo ingaba semzimbeni iiyure ezingama-20-60. Kodwa ukuba uthatha iDabigatran, i-50% yayo iyasuswa emzimbeni kwiiyure ezili-12-14.
Kuthetha ukuthini oku? Awunakuze uphoswe lusuku olunye lokusela eli yeza. Ukuba uphoswe lusuku olunye lokulisela, umngcipheko wakho wokuba nehlwili legazi uyanda kakhulu.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho
Njengayo nayiphi na iyeza, eli linokuba nemiphumo emibi, eminye yayo inokuba yingozi.
| Imiphumela | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukopha kakhulu | Ukopha okuvela kwiintsini, ukopha empumlweni, okanye inxeba elingayeki ukopha. |
| Ukungagayi kakuhle kokutya (iDyspepsia) | Intlungu yesisu, ukungakhululeki. |
| Utshintsho kumbala womchamo | Umchamo ujika ube mdaka okanye ube pinki. |
| Intloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi | Intloko ebuhlungu okanye isiyezi. |
| Intlungu yesifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumla | Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu ezinzulu. |
| Umkhuhlane, usulelo (iSepsis) | Iimeko ezinzulu ezibangelwa lusulelo. |
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ngelixa usebenzisa eli yeza, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Ngokukodwa, ukuba uphuma igazi elininzi (umzekelo, ukuba awukwazi ukuyeka ukopha enxebeni, ukuba unegazi endle yakho, ukuba unomphunga obangela ukuba ube ne-concussion) okanye ukuba unezinye iimpawu ezinzulu (iintlungu zesifuba ezinzima, ubunzima bokuphefumla), yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
Okokugqibela, akukho mfuneko yokoyika ukuba igazi lingatshoni. Amayeza anamhlanje afana ne-direct thrombin inhibitors anokulawula loo mngcipheko kakhulu. Kodwa ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olukulungeleyo kwaye kufuneka ulithathe ixesha elingakanani. Ngoko ke hlala ulandela icebiso likagqirha wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-Direct Thrombin Inhibitors ziluhlobo olutsha lwamayeza athintela ukujiya kwegazi.
- Ezi zisebenza ngokuvala ngokuthe ngqo i-thrombin, i-enzyme ephambili kwinkqubo yokujiya kwegazi.
- Ukuba usebenzisa eli yezaUngaze ulibale ukuthatha amayeza athile. Ukwenza njalo ngoko nangoko kwandisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi.
- Ukuba ubona ukopha kakhulu okanye ezinye iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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