Ngaba uwile ngequbuliso ngelixa udlala? Okanye utyibilike kwigumbi lokuhlambela waza wenzakala egxalabeni? Ngequbuliso, awukwazanga nokushukumisa ingalo yakho ngenxa yentlungu enganyamezelekiyo? Ngamanye amaxesha ungaphawula ukuba imo yegxala lakho itshintshile. Ukuba kwenzeka into efana nale, isenokuba ligxala lakho eliphumileyo. Nangona oku kuyoyikisa kancinci, yimeko enokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ngonyango olufanelekileyo . Ngoko ke masifumane okungakumbi ngale nto.
Kuthetha ukuthini oku kushukumisa amagxa?
Ngamafutshane, igxalaba eliphumileyo lithetha ukuba amathambo akwigxalaba lakho ahambahamba ukusuka apho kufanele ukuba abe khona, ahlukane.
Masicacise oku ngakumbi. Ilungu emzimbeni wethu kulapho amathambo amabini adibana khona. Ilungu lehlombe lakho lenziwe yibhola yengalo yakho engasentla (ihumerus) kunye nesokhethi okanye i-glenoid yeblade yehlombe lakho (i-scapula). Kufana nebhola efakwa kwisokhethi. Oku sikubiza ngokuba "yi-ball-and-socket joint". Eli lilungu elisivumela ukuba sishukumise ingalo yethu kuzo zonke iindlela.
Igxalaba eliphumileyo livela xa ithambo elifana nebhola liphuma ngokupheleleyo kwisokethi. Xa oku kusenzeka, izicubu ezithambileyo ezijikeleze ilungu nazo zinokonakala.
Oko ikukuthi:
- Izihlunu
- Imiva
- Iitendon
- Iiligamenti
- Ivazi yegazi
Le yimeko ebuhlungu kakhulu. Ukuba uziva ngathi igxalaba lakho likhutshiwe okanye awukwazi ukushukumisa ingalo yakho, ungaze uzame ukuyilungisa ngokwakho. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngokukhawuleza.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-shoulder shrugs?
Ewe, oogqirha bahlula oku ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili. Enye isekelwe ekubeni amathambo afuduke kangakanani.
1. Ukudilika ngokupheleleyo okanye ukuLuxation: Oku kulapho amathambo amabini kwilungu legxalaba ahlukana ngokupheleleyo aze aphume. Oku sihlala sibhekisela kuko xa sisithi "igxalaba elidilikileyo."
2. I-Subluxation: Oku kwenzeka xa amathambo engahlukani ngokupheleleyo, kodwa ahamba kancinci, ehamba phakathi. Amathambo asachukumisana, kodwa kungekhona ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Nangona kukho intlungu, isenokungabi nzima njengokuphuma ngokupheleleyo kwethambo.
Zithini iimpawu zegxalaba eliphumileyo?
Igxalaba eliphumileyo lidla ngokuba yimbangela yesinye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Intlungu ebuhlungu | Intlungu ebukhali, enganyamezelekiyo, nekhawulezileyo. |
| Ukungakwazi ukuxhawulana ngezandla | Andikwazi ukuphakamisa ingalo yam okanye ukuyijika. Kuvakala ngathi ingalo yam ayinabomi. |
| Utshintsho kwimilo yamagxa | Ukusuka ngaphandle, igxalaba lisenokubonakala litshonile okanye liphumile, ngokungathi alikho apho lifanele ukuba khona. |
| Ukudumba kunye nokukrweleka | Indawo yamagxa idumbile kwaye iqala ukujika ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/mfusa. |
| Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha | Njengoko umzimba uzama ukuzikhusela ekwenzakaleni, izihlunu ezijikeleze igxalaba ziqala ukuqina, nto leyo eyandisa intlungu. |
| Ukurhawuzelela okanye ubuthathaka | Usenokuziva urhawuzelelwa okanye urhawuzelelwa ezandleni zakho, ezintendeni zezandla, okanye kwiminwe ukuba loo mithambo-luvo ichaphazelekile. |
Kutheni igxalaba litsiba? Ngubani osengozini?
Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba kukho amandla aneleyo afakwa kwilungu legxalaba ukuze liphume. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwa zizinto ezifana nezi:
- Ukuwa: Izinto ezifana nokuwa usuka kwindawo ephakamileyo, ukutyibilika, njl.njl.
- Iingozi zeemoto: Impembelelo egxalabeni kwingozi yemoto.
- Iingozi zemidlalo:Ukukhubeka kwamagxa kunokwenzeka, ingakumbi kwimidlalo efana neragbi nebhola ekhatywayo, kunye nokuntywila kwikhilikithi nokudlala i-volleyball.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu?
Nangona nabani na enokufumana ukukhubeka kwegxalaba, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.
- Abadlali: Ingakumbi abo badlala imidlalo ebandakanya ukubethana.
- Amadoda: Amadoda anamathuba aphindwe kabini okuba negxalaba elikhubekileyo kunabafazi.
- Ulutsha oluphakathi kweminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-30: Abantu abakule minyaka banamathuba amaninzi okwenza iingozi kuba besebenza nzima.
- Abantu abakhe bakhubeka igxalaba labo ngaphambili: Wakuba ukhubeke igxalaba lakho, imisipha ejikeleze elo lungu iba buthathaka kancinci. Ngenxa yoko, amathuba okukhubeka kwakhona aphezulu kakhulu.
Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho xa igxalaba liphumile?
Ukuqhekeka kwegxalaba akupheleli nje ekushukumeni kwethambo lisiya phambili nangasemva. Oku kungonakalisa nezicubu ezijikeleze igxalaba.
- Ukuqhekeka kwamathambo: Iziqwenga ezincinci zamathambo zinokuqhekeka xa igxalaba likhutshiwe.
- Ukuqhekeka kwemisipha kunye nemisipha: Ezi zicubu ezibamba ijoyinti kunye zinokolulwa okanye zikrazuke.
- Ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo: Imithambo-luvo ehamba egxalabeni inokucinezelwa okanye icinezelwe.
- Imithambo yegazi eyonakeleyo: Nangona ingaqhelekanga, imithambo yegazi inokonakala.
Abanye abantu baba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yiHill-Sachs lesion xa bekhubeka igxalaba labo. Oku kulapho ibhola ye-humerus (ithambo elifana nebhola engalweni engasentla) yonakala khona. Olu hlobo lomonakalo lunokwenzeka xa igxalaba likhubeka kwaye ithambo elifana nebhola libetha kwisokethi.
Ugqirha uyixilonga aze ayinyange njani le nto?
Xa usiya kwi-ETU, into yokuqala eyenziwa ngugqirha kukuhlolisisa igxalaba lakho. Ubuza ukuba kwenzeke njani kwaye zeziphi iimpawu onazo ngoku.
Emva koko, uvavanyo olufana nolu lunokwenziwa ukujonga umonakalo wangaphakathi:
- Ii-X-reyi: Oku kubalulekile ukuze kubonwe ukuba ithambo liphumile okanye laphukile.
- I-MRI scan (iMagnetic resonance imaging): Oku kunceda ekufumaneni umonakalo kwizicubu ezibuthathaka ezifana ne-ligaments kunye ne-tendon.
- I-CT scan (i-computed tomography scan): Oku kwenzelwa ukufumana umfanekiso ocacileyo womonakalo owenzekileyo emathanjeni.
Iindlela zonyango
Unyango olubalulekileyo nolokuqala kwigxalaba eliphumileyo kukubuyisela ithambo eliphumileyo endaweni yalo.
Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'Closed Reduction'.Olu asilotyando. Ugqirha uza kubamba umzimba wakho ngaphandle aze atsale ingalo yakho ngobunono ayibuyisele endaweni yayo. Ngelixa esenza oku, angakunika inaliti ye-anesthetic yasekuhlaleni egxalabeni lakho ukunciphisa iintlungu okanye akunike amayeza okuthomalalisa akwenza uzive ulele kancinci.
Kubaluleke kakhulu:
- Musa ukuzama ukulungisa igxalaba lakho wedwa.
- Musa ukuvumela nabani na ongengogqirha akuchukumise okanye akulungise egxalabeni.
Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwimithambo-luvo, kwimithambo yegazi, nakwezinye izicwili, nto leyo eyenza imeko ibe mandundu nangakumbi.
Emva kokulungisa igxalaba, ugqirha uya kucebisa olu nyango lulandelayo:
- Ukungashukumi: Emva kokuba igxalaba likwindawo eyiyo, kufakwa isilingi okanye i-splint ukuze ingalo ingakwazi ukuhamba. Oku kwenzelwa ukunika igxalaba ithuba lokuphumla nokuvumela izicubu ezonakeleyo ukuba ziphilise. Ingalo idla ngokugcinwa kule ndawo kangangeeveki ezininzi.
- Amayeza: Ugqirha uza kukunika amayeza okuthomalalisa iintlungu ukunciphisa iintlungu nokudumba.
- Ukuphumla: Kufuneka uphephe ukwenza nantoni na ekwenza uzive udiniwe okanye ikwenza uzive udiniwe.
- Unyango lomzimba: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Xa igxalaba lakho liqala ukuphola, kufuneka uqale ukuzilolonga phantsi kwesikhokelo sengcali yonyango lomzimba. Uza kuqala ngokuzilolonga okulula ukunciphisa ukuqina kwegxalaba lakho, uze uqhubeke nokuzilolonga ukuqinisa izihlunu ezijikeleze igxalaba lakho. Ukuba awukwenzi oku ngendlela efanelekileyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba igxalaba lakho liphinde liphinde liqhekeke.
Ngaba utyando luza kufuneka?
Amaxesha amaninzi, igxalaba elikhumkileyo alidingi utyando. Nangona kunjalo, utyando lunokufuneka kwiimeko ezilandelayo:
- Ukuba imisipha kunye nemisipha yegxalaba yonakele kakhulu ngexesha lokuwa.
- Ukuba indlela 'yokunciphisa okuvaliweyo' ayikwazi ukubuyisela igxalaba kwindawo efanelekileyo.
- Ukuba igxalaba lakho liqhuma rhoqo, kungenxa yokuba imisipha ibuthathaka kakhulu. Kunokwenziwa utyando ukuze kuqiniswe loo misipha.
Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa?
Igxalaba eliphumileyo lithatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuze liphole ngokupheleleyo. Ingalo kufuneka ingasebenzi kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala. Emva koko, kuya kufuneka wenze unyango lomzimba kangangeenyanga eziliqela.
Ukuba ungumdlali wezemidlalo, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka udibane nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukudlala kwakhona. Ukuba wenza umsebenzi onzima okanye udlala ngaphambi kokuba igxalaba lakho liphole ngokupheleleyo, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba uza kukhubeka kwakhona igxalaba lakho kwaye wenzeka kabuhlungu ngakumbi.
Uninzi lwabantu luyachacha ngokupheleleyo ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye nonyango lomzimba. Banokubuyela kwimisebenzi yabo yesiqhelo kunye nemidlalo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Igxalaba eliphumileyo livela xa ithambo elikwilungu legxalaba liphuma endaweni yalo. Eli liva elibuhlungu kakhulu.
- Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba igxalaba lakho liphumile, ungaze uzame ukuzilungisa ngokwakho okanye ucele omnye umntu ukuba akulungise.
- Yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane (ETU). Gcina ingalo ingashukumi kangangoko unako.
- Emva kokuba ugqirha ebuyisele igxalaba endaweni yalo (ukunciphisa okuvaliweyo), kubalulekile ukugcina ingalo ingashukumi kwaye wenze unyango lomzimba.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza imithambo yonyango lomzimba ngokuchanekileyo ukuze kuthintelwe ukukhubeka kwamagxa nokuqinisa izihlunu.
- Ude uphile ngokupheleleyo, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho kwaye uphephe imisebenzi ekubeka uxinzelelo egxalabeni lakho.
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