Ngaba ukhe waphawula iqhuma elincinci okanye iqhuma ngaphakathi okanye ecaleni kwendlebe yakho kwaye ngaba ukhathazekile ngalo? Okanye ngaba uziva into engaqhelekanga ngaphakathi kwendlebe yakho, intlungu, okanye utshintsho kwindlela ova ngayo? Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye ukhathazekile xa ubona into efana nale. Kodwa eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba, uninzi lwezi zinto zikhula endlebeni azizozifo zomhlaza ezinzulu. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi kakuhle ukuba kwenzeka ntoni. Ke namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngeethumba zendlebe, oko kukuthi, `(Iithumba zendlebe)`, ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni kanye kanye ithumba lendlebe?
Ngamafutshane, i-earwax kukukhula okungaqhelekanga kweeseli, nokuba ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle kwendlebe yakho. Iiseli emizimbeni yethu ziyakhula, ziphile okwethutyana, zize zife. Le yinkqubo eqhelekileyo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha le nkqubo ihamba gwenxa kancinci. Iiseli ezintsha zikhula kakhulu, okanye iiseli ezindala azifi kwaye azikhuli. Kulapho kuvela khona ithumba.
Ezi nati zinokwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili:
1. Iithumba ezingezizo ezomhlaza: Ezi ziithumba ezingezizo ezomhlaza. Oku kuthetha ukuba azisasazeki kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Ezi ntlobo zeethumba zihlala zikhula endlebeni. Nangona zingonakalisi kangako, ngamanye amaxesha zinokuchaphazela ukuva okanye ukulinganisela, kuxhomekeke kwindawo ezikuyo.
2. Iithumba ezinobungozi: Ezi zizinto esizibiza ngokuba ngumhlaza. Ezi seli zikhula ngaphandle kolawulo kwaye, ukuba azinyangwa, zinokusasazeka (zisasazeke) ziye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba umhlaza wendlebe awuqhelekanga .
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-tumor kunye ne-cyst?
Ungazixuba zombini. Zombini zinokubangela iqhubu elincinci endlebeni. Kodwa kukho umahluko omncinci phakathi kwazo zombini.
- I-Cyst: Le yingqokelela encinci efana nengxowa. Idla ngokuzaliswa lulwelo, umoya, okanye iiseli ezifileyo. Ezi azidli ngokuba ngumhlaza. Amaqhuqhuva amancinci ngamanye amaxesha avela kwindlebe okanye ngasemva kwendlebe nawo anokuba lolu hlobo.
- Ithumba: Eli liqhuma elenziwe ngezicubu eziqinileyo. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ezi zinokuba ``zingenobungozi`` okanye ``ziyingozi``.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zeethumba ezingezizo ezomhlaza (ezingenobungozi)?
Uninzi lwezi zinambuzane ezikhula kwindlebe zingena kolu didi. Ezinye zezi zinto zinokuvala umjelo wendlebe zize zibangele ukuba indlebe iqokelelene. Ezinye, ukuba zikhula kakhulu, zingonakalisa amalungu omzimba akuncedayo ukuva.
- IiKeloids: Mhlawumbi sele uyibonile le. Emva kokugqobhozwa i-earring, emva kokuba ukugqobhozwa kupholile, abanye abantu bafumanisa ukuba indawo iba bomvu, idumbe kancinci, kwaye ibe nkulu, yenze iqhuma. Yiyo loo nto ii-keloids ziyiyo. Ziziithishu ezibomvu.
- I-Acoustic Neuromas: Oku kukhula kwimithambo-luvo ephuma endlebeni yethu yangaphakathi iye engqondweni. Le mithambo-luvo yiyo esinceda sive kwaye sigcine ibhalansi yomzimba wethu. Ngoko ke xa esi sifo sikhula, iimpawu ezifana nokulahlekelwa kukuva, ukuva izandi ezahlukeneyo ezindlebeni (i-tinnitus), kunye nesiyezi zinokubakho.
- I-Cholesteatomas: Ezi ziithumba ezikhula emva kwe-eardrum, embindini wendlebe, kwaye zenziwe ziiseli zesikhumba kunye nolwelo. Ukuba azinyangwa, zinokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kokuva ngokupheleleyo.
- Ii-Exostoses kunye nee-Osteomas: Ezi ziindawo ezikhula ngamathambo ezikhula emathanjeni omjelo wendlebe. Zihlala zibonwa kubantu abadla ngokudada okanye ukuntywila emanzini abandayo. Ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba yi-"surfer's ear".
Masifunde nangeethumba ezinobungozi.
Okokuqala, umhlaza wendlebe yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu . Ngoko ke ungoyiki ukucinga ukuba ngumhlaza kuba nje uneqhuma elincinci endlebeni yakho. Uninzi lomhlaza wendlebe lumhlaza wesikhumba. Olu hlobo lomhlaza ludla ngokukhula kwiindawo ezichatshazelwa lilanga, njengendlebe.
Iintlobo eziphambili zomhlaza wolusu:
- I-basal cell carcinoma
- I-Melanoma
- I-Squamous cell carcinoma
Umhlaza wendlebe ephakathi okanye endlebeni yangaphakathi unqabile nangakumbi. Umhlaza we-salivary glands, njenge-adenoid cystic carcinoma, unokusasazeka uye kwi-ear canal. Uhlobo olungaqhelekanga lomhlaza oluchaphazela abantwana abancinci olubizwa ngokuba yi-rhabdomyosarcoma lunokuvela nakwindlebe ephakathi ngamanye amaxesha.
Zithini iimpawu zethumba lendlebe?
Iimpawu zethumba lendlebe ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo elikuyo kunye nohlobo lwethumba. Ukuba unale mpawu, kulungile ukuba nexhala.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Iqhuma okanye ithumba endlebeni | Iqhubu elinokuvakala kwi-earlobe, ngasemva kwendlebe, okanye ngaphakathi kwendlebe. |
| Ukulahlekelwa kukuva | Ukulahlekelwa kukuva ngequbuliso okanye kancinci kancinci kwindlebe enye. |
| Intlungu yendlebe | Intlungu yendlebe engapheliyo nengapheliswayo ngamayeza aqhelekileyo. |
| Ukukhupha amanzi endlebeni | Igazi, ubomvu, okanye olunye ulwelo oluphuma endlebeni. |
| Ukudinwa kunye nokulahlekelwa yibhalansi | Ukuziva ngathi ulahlekelwa yibhalansi yakho xa umi okanye uhamba. |
| I-tinnitus | Ukuva isandi "esikhalayo" endlebeni nokuba akukho sandi. |
| Utshintsho lolusu endlebeni | Utshintsho kumbala wesikhumba endlebeni, indawo entsha, indawo ekhoyo ekhula, okanye inxeba elingapholiyo. |
Khumbula, ukuba nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu akuthethi ukuba unesifo esinzulu. Kodwa ukuba unesifo esifana nesi, kusoloko kububulumko ukubona ugqirha uze uhlolwe.
Wenza ntoni xa ufumana ithumba endlebeni yakho?
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unethumba endlebeni yakho, into yokuqala neyona ibalulekileyo omawuyenze kukubona ugqirha . Xa ubona ugqirha wosapho lwakho, uza kukuhlola aze, ukuba kuyimfuneko, akuthumele kwingcali yendlebe, impumlo, nomqala (ENT Surgeon).
Ingcali ingenza oku kulandelayo:
1. Uvavanyo lomzimba: Ugqirha uza kuyihlola indlebe yakho ngononophelo.
2. Uvavanyo lokuva: Olu vavanyo lwenzelwe ukufumanisa ukuba ukuva kwakho kuchaphazelekile na.
3. I-Biopsy: Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba iqhuma linomhlaza okanye akunjalo. Oku kuquka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu leqhuma uze ulihlole phantsi kwe-microscope. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthetic ekhanyayo, ngoko ke akubuhlungu kakhulu.
4.Iiskeni (CT/MRI): Ukuba ithumba lingaphakathi kwendlebe kwaye likwindawo enzima ukulifikelela, ungacelwa ukuba wenze i-CT scan okanye i-MRI scan ukuze ubone ubungakanani kunye nendawo elikuyo ngqo.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango?
Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwethumba onalo, ubungakanani balo, kunye nendlela eliyichaphazela ngayo impilo yakho.
Unyango lwezimila ezingezizo umhlaza (ezingenobungozi)
- Ukuqwalaselwa: Ukuba une-cyst encinci engakukhathaziyo okanye engachaphazeli ukuva kwakho, ugqirha wakho unokuthi, "Masilinde nje sibone okwethutyana." Uya kukujonga rhoqo ukuze abone ukuba i-cyst iyakhula na.
- Ukususwa ngotyando: Ukuba ithumba libangela ukulahlekelwa kukuva, isiyezi, okanye ezinye iingxaki, linokususwa ngotyando.
- Utyando lweRadio: Olu asilotyando olusebenzisa imela ngokwenene. Iindlela ezifana no-"Gamma Knife surgery" zisetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa ithumba ngokuhambisa imitha eninzi kakhulu kulo. Le ndlela idla ngokusetyenziswa kwiithumba ezifana ne-"Acoustic neuroma".
- Kwi-keloids: Ezi ngamanye amaxesha zinyangwa ngenaliti ye-corticosteroid. Ezinye zisuswa ngotyando kwaye unyango lwemitha lunikwa ukuze zingabuyi.
Unyango lweethumba ezinobungozi
Unyango lomhlaza wendlebe luxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nohlobo lomhlaza kunye nomlinganiselo osasazeke ngawo (inqanaba).
- Ukususwa ngotyando: Unyango oluphambili kukususa ngokupheleleyo iiseli zomhlaza. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kwiindawo ze-lymph ezikufutshane, kunokufuneka zisuswe. Inkqubo ekhethekileyo yotyando ebizwa ngokuba yi-Mohs surgery isetyenziselwa umhlaza wolusu.
- Unyango lweMisebe: Ukusetyenziswa kwemitha enamandla aphezulu ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza.
- I-Chemotherapy: Unyango lwamayeza atshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza.
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba umhlaza wendlebe, ukuba ufunyenwe kwangethuba, unokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo . Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha kwangoko xa ubona into engaqhelekanga endlebeni yakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uninzi lwamaqhuma akhula ngaphakathi okanye ajikeleze indlebe awanawo umhlaza, ngoko ke ungoyiki ngokungeyomfuneko.
- Ukuba ubona iqhuma elitsha, ukudumba, isilonda esingapholiyo, okanye utshintsho lolusu endlebeni yakho, musa ukulibazisa.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nentlungu engapheliyo yendlebe, ukulahlekelwa kukuva, isiyezi, okanye ukuphuma kwencindi endlebeni, qiniseka ukuba ucela ingcebiso kagqirha.
- Nangona umhlaza wendlebe ungaqhelekanga, unokunyangeka ngempumelelo kwaye unyangeke ukuba ufunyenwe kwangethuba.
- Musa ukuzinyanga okanye ukufaka nantoni na onokuyifumana endlebeni yakho. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha ofanelekileyo ukuze ufumane uxilongo olufanelekileyo nonyango.
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