Sonke sikhe sibe nexesha ebomini bethu apho siziva sidakumbile kwaye siphoxekile, akunjalo? Kuqhelekile ukuba buhlungu xa ulahlekelwa ngumntu omthandayo, ungaphumeleli kwiimviwo, okanye ulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wakho. Yindalo yethu ukuba buhlungu. Kodwa ukuba olu sizi lunzulu, ukungabi nakuzinceda, kunye nokungabi naxabiso okuziva kuhlala iintsuku okanye iiveki, kukwenzakalisa ubomi bakho bonke, kunokuba yinto engaphezulu nje kosizi oluqhelekileyo. Yiloo nto sithetha ngayo namhlanje, ukudakumba, okanye imeko enokunyangwa ebizwa ngokuba yiClinical Depression .
Yintoni kanye kanye ingcinezelo? (Yintoni iNxinzelelo?)
Ngamafutshane, ukudakumba yimeko yempilo yengqondo echaphazela iimvakalelo zakho. Inokubangela ukuba uzive ulusizi ngalo lonke ixesha okanye uphelelwe ngumdla kwizinto obukade uzonwabela. Kufana nelifu elimnyama elilenga phezu kwentloko yakho. Ichaphazela indlela ocinga ngayo, indlela oziva ngayo, kwanendlela osebenza ngayo kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ukudakumba akuyonto yobuvila okanye ubuthathaka bengqondo, yimeko yokwenyani yempilo efuna unyango, njengesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
Nangona kungekho "pilisi yomlingo" enokuyinyanga ngokupheleleyo le meko, ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye neengcebiso, iimpawu zinokulawulwa ngokupheleleyo kwaye ungaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo, obonwabisayo. Siyibiza loo meko yokuxolelwa kwesifo. Ngoko ke musa ukuphelelwa lithemba.
Ngaba nawe unazo ezi mpawu?
Ngokwe-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), esetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukuxilonga izifo zengqondo, ukuba uneempawu ezintlanu okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo kangangeeveki ezimbini , usenokuba noxinzelelo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Imo ebuhlungu ehlala imini yonke | Ukuziva ungenanto, usizi, kunye nokukhungatheka, ingakumbi kusasa. |
| Ukungabikho kwamandla/ukudinwa | Ukuziva udiniwe kwaye ulele imini yonke nangona ungenzi nto. |
| Iimvakalelo zokungabi naxabiso/ukuziva unetyala ngawe | Iingcinga ezihlala zihleli ezinje ngokuthi "Andinamsebenzi" kunye "Ndinguxanduva lwento yonke." |
| Ukuziva uphoxekile | Iingcinga ezingathandekiyo ezifana nokuthi "akukho nto iya kuze ibe ngcono." |
| Ubunzima bokugxila nokwenza izigqibo | Ubunzima bokukhumbula izinto ezincinci, ukugxila emsebenzini, nokwenza izigqibo. |
| Utshintsho ebuthongweni | Ukungalali okanye ukulala kakhulu (ukozela imini yonke). |
| Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla kwizinto ebezimnandi ngaphambili | Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokuthetha nabahlobo, ukubukela iTV, okanye ukwenza izinto ozithandayo. |
| Iingcinga malunga nokufa okanye ukuzibulala | Ukucinga ukuba ubomi abunantsingiselo, ukucinga ngokuzenzakalisa. |
| Utshintsho lobunzima bomzimba | Ukulahlekelwa yinkanuko yokufuna ukutya kunye nokwehla kwesisindo okanye ukwanda kwenkanuko yokufuna ukutya kunye nokunyuka kwesisindo. |
Ukongeza, iimpawu zomzimba ezifana nokucaphuka rhoqo, ukungazinzi, iintlungu zomzimba ezingapheliyo, iintloko ezibuhlungu, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwesisu nazo zinokubakho. Oku kungenxa yokuba iikhemikhali zobuchopho ezinxulumene nokudakumba, ezifana ne -serotonin kunye ne -norepinephrine, zidibene neemvakalelo zethu kunye nentlungu.
Ngaba abantwana abancinci kunye nabantu abancinci nabo banesifo sokudakumba?
Ewe. Oku kunokuchaphazela nabani na wanoma yiphi na iminyaka.
- Abantwana abancinci: Kuqhelekile ukuba umntwana azive elusizi. Kodwa ukuba usizi luqhubeka iintsuku ezininzi, kwaye kukho utshintsho kwindlela aziphethe ngayo oluphazamisana nomsebenzi wesikolo okanye ukudlala nabahlobo, inokuba luxinzelelo.
- Ulutsha: Ukutshintshatshintsha kweemvakalelo kuxhaphakile kule minyaka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ubona iimpawu zosizi oluhlala iiveki ezingaphezu kwezimbini, ukungayi emsebenzini wesikolo, ukuzikhwebula kubahlobo, okanye ukuguqukela kwiziyobisi okanye utywala, kufuneka uxhalabe. Thetha nogqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuze ufumane ingcebiso.
Zithini izizathu zokudakumba?
Akukho sizathu sithile sikhethekileyo sokudakumba esifunyenweyo, kodwa oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba sibangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo.
- Ulwakhiwo lobuchopho: Utshintsho olubonakalayo lunokubonwa kwezinye iindawo zengqondo zabantu abanesifo soxinzelelo.
- Utshintsho lweekhemikhali zobuchopho: Imo yethu ilawulwa ziikhemikhali ezithunyelwa ebuchotsheni ezibizwa ngokuba zii-neurotransmitters . Xa ezi zinto zingalingani, uxinezeleko lunokubakho.
- IiHormone: Ukudakumba kunokubangelwa lutshintsho lweehomoni oluvela ngexesha lokukhulelwa, emva kokubeleka, iingxaki ze-thyroid, kunye nokuya exesheni.
- I-genetics: Ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho une-depression, nawe usenokuba sengozini enkulu yokuba nayo.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo?
Ewe, ukudakumba kunokuza ngeendlela ezininzi nangamagama ahlukeneyo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukufumanisa ukuba loluphi uhlobo onalo ngokusekwe kwiimpawu zakho.
- Uxinzelelo olukhulu oluqhelekileyo: Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo loxinzelelo.
- Isifo sokudakumba esingapheliyo (iDysthymia): Imeko yokudakumba enganzima kangako kodwa ehlala ixesha elide ehlala iminyaka emibini nangaphezulu.
- Ingxaki yokungaziva kakuhle ngaphambi kokuya exesheni (PMDD): Imeko apho abafazi bafumana uxinzelelo kunye nokutshintshatshintsha kweemvakalelo okuqatha ngakumbi kune-PMS eqhelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba baye exesheni.
- Uxinzelelo oluvela ngaphambi kokubeletha: Uxinzelelo oluvela ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye emva kokubeletha.
- Ingxaki yeemvakalelo ebangelwa ziziyobisi: Iimpawu zokudakumba ezibangelwa kukusebenzisa iziyobisi okanye utywala okanye emva kokuziyeka.
- Ipateni yexesha lonyaka: Ukuqala kweempawu zokudakumba ngamaxesha athile onyaka, ingakumbi ngexesha leenyanga ezimnyama, ezingenalanga kakhulu.
Ifunyanwa njani kwaye inyangwa njani idepression?
Ukuba ucinga ukuba uneempawu zokudakumba, eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha wosapho lwakho. Uza kukuhlola aze, ukuba kuyimfuneko, akuthumele kwingcali yezempilo yengqondo.
Uxilongo
Ngugqirha:
1.Kuza kwenziwa uvavanyo lomzimba ukuze kuhlolwe ezinye iimeko zempilo.
2. Izinto ezifana namanqanaba ehomoni ye-thyroid ziya kuhlolwa ngovavanyo lwegazi .
3. Baza kuthetha nawe ngeengcinga zakho, iimvakalelo zakho kunye neendlela oziphethe ngazo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu.
4. Iimpawu zakho ziya kuvavanywa ngokweekhrayitheriya (DSM-5).
Unyango
Indlela yonyango ixhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobukhali beempawu zakho.
- Amayeza: Amayeza okudakumba asebenza kakhulu xa uxinezelekile. Kusenokufuneka uzame amayeza amaninzi ukuze ufumane elona likulungeleyo. La mayeza kufuneka asetyenziswe kuphela phantsi kweliso likagqirha.
- Unyango lwengqondo: Ngamafutshane, olu lunyango lokuthetha. Ukuthetha ngeengxaki zakho nomcebisi wezempilo yengqondo kunokukunceda ulawule iimpawu zakho. Unyango lokuziphatha kwengqondo (i-CBT) yenye yeendlela ezidumileyo ezisetyenziselwa oku.
- Ezinye iindlela zonyango: Kwiimeko ezinzima ezingaphenduliyo kumayeza, unyango olukhethekileyo olufana nonyango lwe-electroconvulsive (ECT) lunokucetyiswa.
Iimpawu zomngcipheko kunye neengcinga zokuzibulala
Le yingxaki ebaluleke kakhulu neyinobuzaza.
Ukuba uhlala ucinga ngokuzenzakalisa okanye ngokufa, musa ukuyityeshela loo nto. Yinxalenye yesifo eso. Ungaze ungathandabuzi ukucela uncedo.
Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uceba okanye uthetha ngokuzenzakalisa, yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko. Okanye ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukudakumba akubobuthathaka bentliziyo, sisifo esinokunyangeka.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unesithukuthezi, ukungabi namdla, kunye nezinye iimpawu ezihlala ngaphezulu kweeveki ezimbini, ungathandabuzi ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.
- Ngonyango olufanelekileyo (amayeza kunye nonyango lwengqondo), ukudakumba kunokulawulwa ngempumelelo kwaye ungaphila ubomi obonwabisayo.
- Ukuba ucinga ngokuzenzakalisa, yingxamiseko leyo. Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Awuwedwa, baninzi abantu abanokukunceda.
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