Ngaba wakha weva nge-'Fatty Liver'? Mhlawumbi ibikwingxelo yakho yeskeni waza woyika. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba esi sisifo esiyingozi kakhulu. Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye le nto yokuqokelelwa kwamafutha esibindini? Ngaba yinto yokoyika? Masithethe ngayo yonke into ukususela ekuqaleni, ngokulula.
Yintoni iSteatotic Liver Disease?
Ngamafutshane, oku kukuqokelelana kwamafutha, okanye ioyile, ngaphakathi kwesibindi sakho. Oogqirha bakubiza oku ngokuthi 'yi-steatosis'. Nesibindi esisempilweni nesisebenza kakuhle sinamafutha amancinci. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Kodwa ukuba oku kuqokelelana kwamafutha kudlula i-5% yobunzima besibindi, kulapho ingxaki iqala khona.
Cinga ngayo njengombhobho okwisinki yethu yasekhitshini. Kulungile ukuba amanzi amancinci angena. Kodwa ukuba ioyile iqokelelana ize inamathele kumbhobho, yingxaki leyo, akunjalo? Yindlela amafutha agqithisileyo aqokelelana ngayo esibindini.
Kutheni igama elithi 'Isifo Sesibindi Esinamafutha' latshintshwa laba 'Isifo Sesibindi Esinamafutha'?
Ngaphambili, sonke besiyibiza le meko ngokuthi 'yiFatty Liver'. Kodwa ngo-2023, iingcali zonyango zadibana zaza zagqiba ekubeni zilitshintshe eli gama. Bekukho izizathu ezibini eziphambili zaloo nto.
1. Cacisa unobangela: Xa abantu besiva igama elithi 'Isibindi Esityebileyo', abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba oku kwenzeka kubantu abatyebileyo kuphela. Kodwa oko akuyonyani. Amafutha anokuqokelelana esibindini ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi ezingenanto yakwenza nobunzima bomzimba. Eli gama litsha linika umbono ochanekileyo wezinto ezahlukeneyo ezinokubangela oku.
2. Susa ihlazo kunye nehlazo: Igama elithi 'Atyebileyo' linokuba lihlazo kunye nehlazo kubantu abakhulupheleyo. Kungcono ukungasebenzisi amagama adala loo mvakalelo xa uthetha ngemeko yempilo, akunjalo? Yiyo loo nto igama latshintshwa.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zesibindi esinamafutha?
Oogqirha bahlulahlula isibindi esinamafutha sibe ziintlobo ezininzi eziphambili ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi. Ukuze kube lula ukuqonda oku, ndiza kukwenzela itafile encinci.
| Uhlobo lwesifo (Uhlobo lwe-SLD) | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Isifo sesibindi esibangelwa butywala (ALD) | Isizathu esiphambili soku kukubaUkusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo. Njengoko utywala busetyenzwa sisibindi, bonakalisa iiseli zesibindi. Ngokusebenzisa utywala ngokugqithisileyo, isibindi asikwazi ukulungisa lo monakalo size siqale ukuqokelelana kwamafutha. |
| Isifo seMetabolic (MASLD) | Oku kwakubizwa ngokuba sisifo sesibindi esinamafutha angenatywala. Apha, amafutha asesibindini awabangelwa butywala, kodwa abangelwa zizinto ezinobungozi kwi-cardiometabolic ezifana nesifo seswekile, ukutyeba kakhulu, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kunye ne-cholesterol ephezulu . |
| Isifo seMetabolic (MASH) | Olu lolona hlobo lubi kakhulu lwemeko ye-MASLD ekhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba amafutha aqokelelana esibindini, nto leyo ebangela ukuba isibindi sidumbe size sivuvuke. Emva koko izicubu zesibindi ziqala ukonakala kwaye zibe namanxeba. |
| I-MASLD kunye nokusetyenziswa kotywala ngokugqithisileyo (i-MetalALD) | Oku kwenzeka xa umntu enezinto ezibangela umngcipheko we-metabolic ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla (umz. isifo seswekile) aze asele utywala obuninzi. Apha, zombini ezi zinto ziyadibana ukuze zonakalise isibindi. |
| Ezinye iintlobo ze-SLD | Amanye amayeza nezinye izifo zinokubangela ukuba amafutha aqokeleleke esibindini. Ngamanye amaxesha, akukho sizathu sicacileyo sifumanekayo . Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'Cryptogenic SLD'. |
Ngaba le yingxaki enkulu ngokwenene?
Kwiimeko ezininzi, isifo sesibindi esinamafutha ekuqaleni asibangeli ngxaki zinkulu, kwaye asiphazamisi ukusebenza kwesibindi ngokuqhelekileyo.
Kodwa le yinto ekufuneka iqwalaselwe, njenge 'signali yesilumkiso' . Kufana nesibane esimthubi kwisibane sendlela esivuthelwayo. Ukuba sithatha inyathelo ngelo xesha, singakulawula oku ngaphambi kokuba isibane esibomvu sivuthe, oko kukuthi, ngaphambi kokuba kuvele imeko enzima.
Ukuba le meko ayinyangwa, inokuba mandundu kancinci kancinci kwabanye abantu. Iyenzeka ngamanqanaba aliqela:
1. IHepatitis: Isibindi, esizele ngamafutha, siyadumba, sibe bomvu, size sivuvuke. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'Steatohepatitis'. Le yindlela iMASLD eba yi-MASH ngayo.
2. I-Fibrosis: Ukudumba konakalisa izicubu zesibindi. Izicubu ezibuhlungu ziqala ukwakheka kwiindawo ezonakeleyo. Kanye njengokuba inxeba lenzeka xa ulusu lwethu lonzakele. Olu xinzelelo lubangela ukuba isibindi sibe nzima kwaye sibe rhabaxa.
3. I-Cirrhosis: Le tissue yesilonda iyaqhubeka nokukhula, ithatha indawo yezicubu zesibindi eziphilileyo ngezicubu zesilonda. Le yimeko embi ebizwa ngokuba yi-cirrhosis. Ukuba i-cirrhosis ayinyangwa, inokukhokelela ekungasebenzini kwesibindi kunye neemeko ezibulalayo ezifana nomhlaza wesibindi.
Kungoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyibona le meko kwasekuqaleni, ufumanise ukuba yintoni unobangela, kwaye ufumane unyango olufunekayo.
Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo?
Eyona ngxaki inkulu ngale nto kukuba ayibonisi zimpawu kwasekuqaleni . Usenokungaziva mahluko. Kodwa abanye abantu banokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:
- Ukuziva ungonwabanga okanye ubunzima kwindawo ephezulu ngasekunene yesisu.
- Ukudinwa kukudinwa okugqithisileyo kunye nokudinwa okwenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu.
Kuphela xa isifo sifikelele kwinqanaba le-cirrhosis apho iimpawu ezicacileyo zihlala ziqala ukubonakala. Ngexesha elinjalo, unokubona izinto ezifana nezi:
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
- Ukutya akunancasa.
- Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Ukutyheli kwamhlophe emehlweni naselusu (i-jaundice).
- Ukudumba kwesisu, ukugcinwa kolwelo (ii-Ascites).
- Ukudumba kwemilenze, amaqatha nezandla (i-Edema).
Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili kunye nezinto ezibangela umngcipheko wesibindi esinamafutha?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezinokubangela oku. Kodwa ezona ziphambili zizinto ezibangela umngcipheko we-metabolic esizixubushe ngaphambili kunye nokusetyenziswa kotywala. Usenokwenzeka ukuba ube nale meko ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zinto:
- Ukuxhomekeka etywaleni okanye ukusela utywala rhoqo.
- I-Metabolic Syndrome: Le yindibaniselwano yezinto ezininzi ezinobungozi. Oko kukuthi, ukuxhathisa i-insulin, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-cholesterol ephezulu kunye namanqanaba e-triglyceride.
- Uhlobo lwesibini lwesifo seswekile .
- Ubunzima obugqithisileyo (i-BMI ephakathi kwama-25 nama-29.9) okanye ukutyeba kakhulu (i-BMI engaphezulu kwama-30).
- KwabasetyhiniI-Polycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS).
- I-Obstructive Sleep Apnea. (Ukuphelelwa yi-apnea yokulala okungathinteliyo) .
- Ukuncipha kweehomoni ze-thyroid (i-Hypothyroidism) .
- I-Hypopituitarism (amanqanaba aphantsi eehomoni ze-pituitary) .
- Amanqanaba aphantsi ehomoni yesini (i-Hypogonadism) .
- Isenokuba nefuthe elibi lezinye iziyobisi (umz. iAmiodarone, iDiltiazem, iTamoxifen, iiSteroids).
Ungayixilonga njani le nto?
Ixesha elininzi, oku kufunyanwa ngengozi. Xa uvavanywa igazi ngenxa yesinye isifo, ugqirha wakho unokubona ukuba ii-enzymes zesibindi sakho ziphezulu. Leyo yingcaciso yokuqala.
Emva koko, ungabhekisa kwiimvavanyo ezilandelayo ukuqinisekisa isifo:
- Imbali yakho yezonyango kunye novavanyo: Ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza ngeemeko zakho zempilo, ukusebenzisa utywala, kunye namayeza owaselayo. Uza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba ukujonga iimpawu zokudumba kwesibindi kunye ne-cirrhosis.
- Iiskeni: I-Ultrasound, i-CT Scan okanye i-MRI zingasetyenziselwa ukujonga ukuba kukho amafutha amaninzi, ukudumba kunye namanxeba esibindini. Iskeni ekhethekileyo ye-ultrasound ebizwa ngokuba yi-FibroScan inokulinganisa ubungakanani bamafutha kunye nokuqina (amanxeba) esibindini.
- I-Biopsy yesibindi: Kwezinye iimeko, iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicubu sesibindi liyathathwa lize lihlolwe phantsi kwemakroskopu ukuze kuchongwe ubukhali besifo. Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwahlula ngokuchanekileyo phakathi kwe-MASLD kunye ne-MASH.
Inyangwa njani? Ngaba le nto inganyangeka?
Akukho nyango lucacileyo loku okwangoku. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Njengonyango, oogqirha bagxila ekulawuleni izinto ezibangela oku. Oko kuthetha ukwenza utshintsho olusempilweni kwindlela esiphila ngayo.
Ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa ukuba wenze izinto ezifana nezi:
- Yeka ukusela utywala ngokupheleleyo: Nokuba amafutha asesibindini sakho awabangelwa butywala, ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo utywala kulungile kakhulu kwisibindi sakho.
- Ukunciphisa umzimba: Ukuzilolonga, utshintsho kwindlela yokutya njengoko kucetyiswe yingcali yesondlo, kunye namayeza athile (afana ne-GLP-1RA) anokukunceda unciphise umzimba. Ungacinga nangotyando lwe-bariatric.
- Lawula ezinye iimeko zempilo: Sela amayeza akho kwiimeko ezifana nesifo seswekile, i-cholesterol ephezulu, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi njengoko kuyalelwe. Kwezinye iimeko, izongezo ezifana ne-vitamin E nazo zinokucetyiswa.
- Gonyelwa iHepatitis A kunye ne-B:Olu sulelo lwentsholongwane lunokuba yingozi kakhulu kumntu osele enesifo sesibindi. Ngoko ke ukufumana olu gonyo lukhuseleko.
Isibindi sethu sisitho esimangalisayo. Sinamandla amangalisayo okuzilungisa ngokwaso ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile. Ukuba ulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo, unganciphisa amafutha kunye nokudumba kwisibindi sakho, uyeke umonakalo ongakumbi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ude ubuyisele umonakalo owenzekileyo kwasekuqaleni.
Ungazikhusela njani kule meko?
Eyona ndlela ingcono yokuthintela le meko kukugcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni.
- Zilolonge rhoqo: Kulungile kakhulu ukwenza umthambo obangela ukubila ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.
- Nciphisa okanye uyeke ngokupheleleyo ukusebenzisa utywala .
- Gcina ubunzima bakho bufanelekile ngokweenqanaba lakho lobude.
- Yitya ukutya okunesondlo: Yitya imifuno, iziqhamo, iimbotyi, amandongomane, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo. Nciphisa ioyile, iswekile, umgubo, ukutya okukhawulezayo, kunye nenyama ebomvu (inyama yenkomo, inyama yehagu). Sela amanzi acocekileyo endaweni yeziselo ezineswekile.
- Ukuba unezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, sebenzisa amayeza amiselweyo ngqo .
Kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane ingcebiso malunga nendlela yokuphila enempilo efanelekileyo kuwe.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isibindi esinamafutha amaninzi sisifo apho isibindi sinamafutha angaphezu kwe-5%. Esi sisifo esixhaphakileyo.
- Izinto ezinje ngokusetyenziswa kotywala, isifo seswekile, ukutyeba kakhulu, kunye ne-cholesterol ephezulu zezona zinto zibangela oku.
- Amaxesha amaninzi, akukho zimpawu kwizigaba zokuqala, ngoko ke inokuba 'sisifo esingathethiyo'.
- Ukuba le meko ayihoywa, ekuhambeni kwexesha inokukhokelela kwiimeko ezinzulu ezifana ne-cirrhosis kunye nomhlaza wesibindi.
- Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Le meko ingalawuleka, mhlawumbi ide inyangeke ngokupheleleyo, ngokutshintsha indlela yokuphila esempilweni (ukunciphisa umzimba, ukuzilolonga, ukunciphisa utywala, kunye nokutya okunesondlo esifanelekileyo).
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga noku, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho ukuze akunike icebiso.
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