Ngaba uyazi ngeeVarices zesisu? Makhe sithethe ngale nto!

Ngaba wakha weva ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-gastric varices? Usenokuba ukhe weva eli gama xa wawuye kugqirha ngenxa yentlungu yesisu okanye ingxaki yokugaya ukutya. Isenokuba yimeko enzima, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba yintoni kanye kanye. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale meko ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Gastric Varices)` ngendlela elula, ukuze uyiqonde.

Zithini iiVarices zesisu? Masiqonde ngokulula!

Ngamafutshane, iiVarices zesisu zimithambo yegazi evuvukileyo neyandileyo engaphakathi kwesisu sakho. Zinokufana neebhaluni ezincinci. Le yimeko embi kakhulu kuba ukuba le mithambo ivuvukileyo iyaqhuma, inokubangela ukopha okusongela ubomi esiswini sakho esingaphezulu.

Usenokuba ukhe weva ngee-esophageal varices, ezizii-veins ezivuvukileyo kwi-esophagus. Ii-gastric varices zizinto ezingaqhelekanga kangako. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ii-gastric varices ziphuma igazi, zihlala zinzima kakhulu kunee-esophageal varices.

Cinga ngale ndlela. Isisu sakho sinothungelwano lwemithambo yegazi emincinci ethwala igazi. Ngokwesiqhelo, igazi lihamba ngale mithambo yegazi ngaphandle kweengxaki. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ukuvaleka okukhulu kwenzeka kumthambo wegazi oyintloko othwala igazi ukuya esibindini. Oku kunokubangelwa yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-cirrhosis, ebangela amanxeba esibindi. Emva koko, kukho "ukuxinana kwetrafikhi" okukhulu kuloo mthambo uyintloko, oko kuthetha ukuba uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi luyanda. Ngenxa yolu xinzelelo lunyukileyo, igazi liqala ukukhangela ezinye iindlela ezincinci, nezimfutshane. Ekubeni le mithambo mincinci (ebizwa ngokuba yi-varices) eludongeni lwesisu ayenzelwanga ukuthwala igazi elininzi kangaka, iyadumba, ivuvuke, kwaye iphume. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-gastric varices. Ukuba olu xinzelelo alulawulwa, le mithambo ivuvukileyo inokuqhuma.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zee-varices zesisu?

Ii-varices zesisu zihlulwe ngokusekwe ekubeni zinxulumene okanye azinxulumene nomqala wakho.

Imithambo yeVaricose enxulumene ne-esophagus

• IiVarice zeGastroesophageal zohlobo 1 (GOV1): Ezi ntlobo zeeVarice ziqala kufutshane nommizo wakho. Emva koko zinwebeka "kwicala elingaphezulu" (ukugoba okuncinci) kwesisu sakho. Zicinge njengendlela esecaleni eqala kwindawo edibana kuyo nommizo kwaye yehla ngecala lasekhohlo lesisu sakho. Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo.
• IiVarices zeGastroesophageal Varices zohlobo lwesibini (GOV2): Ezi ziqala kufutshane ne-esophagus. Nangona kunjalo, ziqhubeka "ne-greater curvature" yesisu. Nangona ziqala kufutshane ne-esophagus njengangaphambili, ezi ndlela zisecaleni zihamba ngasekunene kwesisu.

Imithambo yeVaricose engadibaniyo ne-esophagus

• Uhlobo 1 lwe-Isolated Gastric Varix (IGV1):Olu hlobo lwemithambo ye-varicose luphelela esiswini. Lukwinxalenye ephezulu, ejikelezileyo yesisu (i-fundus), evuvukileyo kwaye idumbile.
• Uhlobo lwesibini lwe-Isolated Gastric Varix (IGV2): Olu hlobo lunokudumba naphi na eludongeni lwesisu, kungekuphela nje kwi-fundus.

Zithini iimpawu ze-varices zesisu?

Uninzi lwexesha, ii-varic zesisu azibangeli zimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ingxaki iqala xa ziqhuma zize ziqale ukopha. Emva koko, iimpawu ezinzima zinokuvela ngequbuliso. Ngamaxesha anjalo, unokubona iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukuhlanza igazi elibomvu elimnyama.
• Isitulo esimnyama, esihlala ixesha elide (oku kubangelwa kukudibana kwegazi nee-asidi zesisu, okwenza isitulo sibe mnyama)
• Ngamanye amaxesha kukho igazi elibomvu elimnyama esitulweni.
• Ndiziva ndinesizungu.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo.
• Usenokulahlekelwa zingqondo.
• Ukwehla ngequbuliso koxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Ndingena kwingxaki.
• Ukuziva ubuthathaka kwaye ungenabomi.

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza, kuba oku kungaba yingxamiseko.

Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili ze-varices zesisu?

Eyona nto ibangela ii-varices zesisu sisifo sesibindi esibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Cirrhosis). Kwi-cirrhosis, iiseli zesibindi zonakele kwaye zithatyathelwe indawo yizicubu zesilonda. Olu xinzelelo luthintela ukuhamba kwegazi esibindini. Ngenxa yokuxinana, uxinzelelo kwi-`(Portal Vein)` oluyi-vein ephambili ezisa igazi esibindini, luyanda kakhulu. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi -`(Portal Hypertension) `. Xa uxinzelelo lukhula ngolu hlobo, igazi liyatyhala lize lizame ukudlula kweminye imithambo emincinci. Ekubeni imithambo eseludongeni lwesisu nayo iyimithambo emincinci, ayinakumelana noxinzelelo olunyukileyo kwaye idumbe kwaye ibe yi-varicose.

Ukongeza kwi-cirrhosis, kukho ezinye izizathu ezinokubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lwe-portal kwaye zikhokelele kwi-varices yesisu:

• Ukuvaleka kweClot yegazi kwiPortal Vein okanye kwiSplenic Vein: Oku, njenge-cirrhosis, kuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi.
• Iintsholongwane zeParasitic: Umzekelo lusulelo lweparasitic olubizwa ngokuba yiSchistosomiasis. Olu sulelo lufumaneka kwiindawo ezithile zaseAfrika, eMzantsi Melika, kwiCaribbean, kuMbindi Mpuma, nakwiMpuma Asia. Olu sulelo lunokonakalisa isibindi kunye nepleen kwaye lubangele iPortal Hypertension.
• Ezinye izizathu ngaphandle kwe-cirrhosis: Kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, i-portal hypertension kunye ne-gastric varices zinokwenzeka ngaphandle kwe-cirrhosis. Umzekelo yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-Budd-Chiari syndrome, ekuvaleni kwemithambo yegazi ekhupha igazi esibindini.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa ye-varices yesisu?

Eyona ngxaki iyingozi kakhulu ye-varice yesisu kukopha . Le mithambo yegazi evuvukileyo eludongeni lwesisu ibuthathaka kakhulu. Xa uxinzelelo lusanda, inokuqhuma ngokulula. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, igazi elininzi linokuvuza ngequbuliso liphume emzimbeni, nto leyo enokuba yingozi nakubomi. Ukopha ngenxa ye-varice yesisu yingxamiseko yezonyango.

Kunqabile kakhulu, ii-varices zesisu ezinganyangwanga zinokubangela ezinye iingxaki, ezinje:

• I-anemia yokunqongophala kwe-iron: Kancinci kancinci, ngokuhamba kwexesha, xa ukulahleka kwegazi kuncipha, ubungakanani be-iron emzimbeni buyehla, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiimpawu ezifana nokudinwa kunye nokuphaphatheka.
• I-Hepatic encephalopathy: Oku kwenzeka xa isibindi singasebenzi kakuhle, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iityhefu ziqokelele egazini zize zichaphazele ingqondo. Oku kunokubangela iimeko ezifana nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kunye nokudideka.

Ungayixilonga njani i-varices yesisu?

Uvavanyo lwe-Endoscopy kunye nolunye uvavanyo lwemifanekiso lusetyenziswa kakhulu ekuxilongeni iintsholongwane zesisu. Olu vavanyo lungabandakanya:

• I-Upper Endoscopy: Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo neyona ibalulekileyo yokuxilonga ii-varices zesisu. Oku kuquka ukufaka ityhubhu encinci, eguquguqukayo enekhamera eqhotyoshelwe emqaleni wakho kwaye uhlolisise udonga lwangaphakathi lomqala wakho nesisu. Ugqirha unokujonga ukuba kukho naziphi na ii-varices, kunye nobukhulu bazo, umbala, kunye nendawo ezikuyo.
• I-CT scan yesisu: Oku kunokubonelela ngemifanekiso eneenkcukacha zesibindi sakho, i-spleen, kunye nemithambo yegazi esiswini sakho. Nangona ingenakubona ngqo imithambo yegazi ephukileyo, inokuchonga iimpawu ezinxulumene nesifo esithi "Portal Hypertension." Oku kuthetha ukuba usenokuba sengozini enkulu yokuba nemithambo yegazi ephukileyo.
• I-Doppler Ultrasound: Olu vavanyo lusebenzisa amaza esandi ukuhlola ipateni yokuhamba kwegazi kwi-portal vein yakho kunye neminye imithambo yegazi esiswini sakho. Ukuba kukho ukungaqheleki kwipateni yokuhamba kwegazi, kunokubonisa imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-portal hypertension.

Inyangwa njani imithambo ye-varicose esiswini?

Unyango lwee-varice zesisu luxhomekeke ekubeni ii-varice ziqhekekile kwaye zopha na, okanye azikaqhekeki.

Unyango lwe-varies yesisu engaqhekekanga

Eyona njongo iphambili kukuthintela ukopha. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza athile, anjengee -beta-blockers ezingakhethiyo . La mayeza anciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kwi-portal vein, enciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhuma kwemithambo yegazi erhabaxa.

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa neenkqubo ezithile ze-endoscopic, ezinokuthi zivale ngokuthe ngqo imithambo ebolileyo okanye ziyenze inciphe.

• I-Endoscopic Varicose Ligation (EVL): Kule nkqubo, ugqirha usebenzisa i-endoscope ukubeka iibhanti zerabha ezincinci zijikeleze imithambo evuvukileyo ye-varicose. Oku kuyayekisa igazi ukuba lingene kwimithambo evuvukileyo kwaye kubangela ukuba inciphe kancinci kancinci.
• I-Endoscopic Cyanoacrylate Injection: Kule nkqubo, ugqirha ufaka into ethile efana neglue kwimithambo yegazi evalekileyo. Oku kuvala umthambo ngaphakathi kwaye kumise ukopha.

Unyango lwe-varices zesisu ezophayo

Le yingxamiseko yezonyango. Ukopha kufuneka kumiswe ngoko nangoko kwaye naziphi na iingxaki ezinokuvela kufuneka zithintelwe. Iindlela zonyango ziquka:

• Ukulaliswa esibhedlele kunye notofelo-gazi: Kusenokwenzeka ukuba uza kugcinwa kwigumbi lokhathalelo olunzulu (ICU) kwaye ujongwe ngononophelo ngelixa utofelo-gazi ukuze kubuyiselwe igazi elilahlekileyo.
• Unyango lwe-Endoscopic: Ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwimithambo ye-varicose engaqhekekanga, unyango lwe-endoscopic olufana ne-`(EVL)` okanye `(Cyanoacrylate Injection)` lukwasetyenziswa ukunqanda ukopha.
• Amayeza: Amayeza anjengeVasopressin okanye iOctreotide anokunceda ukulawula ukopha ngokunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwimithambo eneentsholongwane.
• Ezinye iindlela zokulawula uxinzelelo:
• I-Balloon Tamponade: Kule nto, kufakwa ibhaluni ekhethekileyo kwi-esophagus yakho ize ivuthe, nto leyo ebeka uxinzelelo oluthe ngqo kwii-varices eziphuma igazi. Le yindlela yexeshana esetyenziselwa ukulawula ukopha.
• I-Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (IINGCEBISO): Le yinkqubo enzima ngakumbi. Ibandakanya ukudala indlela entsha nemfutshane yokuba igazi lihambe ngesibindi sakho. Oku kuvumela igazi ukuba lihambe ngqo ukusuka kwi-portal vein ukuya kwi-main vein esibindini sakho. Oku kuvumela igazi ukuba lidlule kwi-blockage, kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwi-portal vein. Oku kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwi-varicose veins, nto leyo enceda ukulawula ukopha.

Ingakanani iminyaka yobomi bomntu one-gastric varices?

Izinga lokusinda komntu onesifo sesisu lixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• Nokuba bayopha na: Ukopha ngenxa ye-varices yesisu yingxaki enkulu, enciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokuphila.
• Ubunzima besifo sesibindi esisisiseko: Ingqikelelo yesifo ayilunganga kangako kwabo banesifo sesibindi esinzima.
• Impumelelo yonyango:Ukuba esi sifo sifunyenwe kwangethuba kwaye sinyangwa ngempumelelo, ixesha lokuphila linokunyuka kakhulu.

Ukuba unenkxalabo okanye amathandabuzo malunga neentsholongwane zesisu okanye izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wazo, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha. Ngale ndlela, unokufumana umfanekiso ochanekileyo wemeko okuyo.

Ngaba iintsholongwane zesisu zingathintelwa?

Kunokuba nzima ukuthintela ngokupheleleyo ii-varices zesisu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho, ingakumbi ukuba unesifo esibangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kwi-portal. Nazi ezinye zezinto onokuzenza:

Lawula imeko yakho yempilo esisiseko.

Ukuba unesifo esifana ne-`(Cirrhosis)` okanye `(Schistosomiasis)`, kubalulekile ukulandela isicwangciso sonyango esinikwa ngugqirha wakho ukuze ulawule esi sifo.

Amayeza

Ukuba sele unemithambo yegazi ebangela ukudumba, amayeza afana ne -beta-blockers anokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokopha kuwo. Nangona kunjalo, la mayeza asenokungathinteli ukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi emitsha ebangela ukudumba.

Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila

Ungenza ezi zinto ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-varices yesisu:

• Kuphephe utywala: Utywala bungunobangela omkhulu wokonakala kwesibindi. Bunokusenza sibe mandundu isifo segazi esibizwa ngokuba yi-portal hypertension.
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo: Ukutya okunesondlo okutyebileyo kwimifuno, iziqhamo, iimbotyi, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo (umz., ukutya kwaseMeditera) kulungile kakhulu kwimpilo yesibindi sakho.
• Nciphisa ukuthathwa kwetyuwa: Ukutya ityuwa eninzi kunokunyusa ukugcinwa kolwelo emzimbeni kwaye kuyenze mandundu i-Portal Hypertension.
• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni obukufaneleyo: Ubunzima obugqithisileyo bukwabeka uxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo kwisibindi.
• Gonyelwa: Oogqirha bacebisa ukuba ugonyelwe iHepatitis A kunye neHepatitis B. Ezi zinceda ekukhuseleni isibindi.

Ukuba unezinto ezinokubangela ukuba ube neentsholongwane zesisu, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ufumane iimvavanyo rhoqo, ezifana ne-endoscopy, ezinokubona iintsholongwane zesisu kwangethuba. Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kuvumela unyango kwangethuba kwaye kunokuthintela iingxaki ezinkulu, ezifana nokopha.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-varic acid esiswini, ingakumbi ukuba uneempawu ezibonisa ukopha, musa ukulibazisa ukubona ugqirha. Funa ingcebiso kwezonyango kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Ukuba ufunyaniswe unesifo esongeza umngcipheko wakho we-portal hypertension, njenge-cirrhosis okanye i-schistosomiasis: Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ngaba kufuneka wenze i-endoscopy ukuze ufumane imithambo yegazi erhabaxa kwangethuba.
• Ukuba uneempawu zokopha kwindlela yakho yokugaya ukutya engasentla: ukuhlanza igazi, ukuphuma kwegazi kwindle yakho, okanye ukuphuma kwendle emnyama, engapheliyo.
• Ukuba unentlungu okanye ukudumba esiswini okungachazekiyo: Oku kungaba luphawu lwe-`(Ascites)` (ukuqokelelana kolwelo esiswini), olunxulunyaniswa ne-`(Portal Hypertension)`.
• Ukuba uneempawu ze-`(Portal Hypertension Encephalopathy)`: Oku kuthetha ukudideka, ukozela, ubunzima bokugxila, kwaye mhlawumbi ne-coma.

Ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kunye nonyango lwee-varies zesisu kubalulekile ukuthintela iingxaki ezinkulu, ezinje ngokopha. Ukuba unemibuzo, iinkxalabo, okanye amathandabuzo malunga noku, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha. Uza kuhlola imeko yakho aze akucebise ngendlela efanelekileyo yokwenza.

Ndingaya nini kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba uneempawu zokuba ii-varice zesisu sakho ziqhumile, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane (ETU) ngoko nangoko. Ukopha ngenxa yee-varice zesisu kuyingozi kakhulu kwaye kufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ungabuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Yintoni ebangela ukuba ndibe ne-gastric varices?
• Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-varices zesisu sam?
• Zithini iingozi kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukuthintela imithambo yam eneentlungu ezibangelwa kukuphuma kwegazi?
• Zeziphi iinguqu endinokuzitshintsha kwindlela endiphila ngayo ukuze ndiphucule impilo yesibindi sam?
• Kuza kufuneka ndijonge kangaphi imithambo yam ye-varicose?
• Iyintoni imbono yexesha elide kumntu one-gastric varices?

Okokugqibela, umyalezo oya ekhaya

Ii-varice zesisu zinokuba yinto eyoyikisayo ukuyiva. Nangona kunjalo, ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye nokufunyaniswa kwangoko, abantu abaninzi abanale meko banokuphila ubomi obupheleleyo nobusebenzayo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi ngayo kwangethuba. Sele ulithathile elo nyathelo libalulekileyo ngokufunda eli nqaku. Kukho unyango olusebenzayo lwale meko, kwaye ugqirha wakho angasebenza nawe ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso esingcono sokulawula ii-varice zakho kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokopha.

Khumbula, awuwedwa kolu hambo. Ngonyango oluqhubekayo, unokuyilawula le meko kwaye uqiniseke ngempilo yakho. Ungoyiki, yazi, kwaye ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo. Emva koko nawe unokuhlala usempilweni!

Ii-varices zesisu , ii-varices zesisu, i-cirrhosis, isifo sesibindi, i-hematemesis, i-endoscopy, uxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-portal