Ngaba umyeni wakho, umfazi wakho, okanye umntu ohlala nawe ekhayeni lakho urhona kakhulu ebusuku? Ngamanye amaxesha, phakathi koko kurhona, ngaba ngequbuliso uyeka ukuphefumla, uze emva kwemizuzwana embalwa, uphefumle nzulu uphinde uqale ukurhona? Ngaba wakha waziva usoyika xa ubona oku? Oku akuyonto yokuyithatha lula. Le isenokuba yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), esithetha ngayo namhlanje.
Yintoni i-Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)?
Ngamafutshane, oku kuthetha ukuba ngelixa silele, izihlunu zomqala wethu ziyaphumla kakhulu, zinciphise okanye zivale ngokupheleleyo indlela yomoya.
Cinga ngale nto, xa silele, phantse zonke izihlunu zomzimba wethu ziyaphumla. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Kodwa kumntu one-OSA, izihlunu ezithambileyo ezingasemva komqala (ulwimi, intlama) ziyaphumla kakhulu kwaye zivale indlela yomoya. Emva koko ukuphefumla kuyayeka imizuzwana embalwa, ngamanye amaxesha ngaphezulu komzuzu.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa oku kusenzeka? Inqanaba leoksijini egazini liyehla kancinci kancinci. Oku kuthumela umyalezo engqondweni yethu, othi, "Kukho ingozi! Asikwazi ukuphefumla!" Emva koko ingqondo, ukuze isindise ubomi bethu, ayivuki ebuthongweni. Ngokuchanekileyo, isisa ebuthongweni obunzulu sisiya ebuthongweni obulula. Kulapho ke izihlunu zomqala ziqina khona kwaye indlela yokuphefumla ivuleka. Emva koko ngequbuliso sithatha umoya onzulu.
Oku kunokwenzeka amaxesha amaninzi ebusuku. Kodwa ingxaki kukuba umntu oleleyo akakukhumbuli. Akazi ukuba ebengaphefumli kakuhle ubusuku bonke. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba ephazanyiswa ngolu hlobo rhoqo, akaze alale kakuhle, aze aphumle.
Zeziphi iimpawu ezibonakaliswa ngumntu one-OSA?
Ezinye zezi mpawu zisenokungabonakali kumntu oleleyo, kodwa zibonakala kakhulu kumntu olele naye (iqabane lakhe). Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi ezi mpawu.
| Iimpawu ezibonakala ebusuku | Iimpawu ezivakalayo emini |
|---|---|
| Ukurhona okukhulu kakhulu (okuvakalayo kangangokuba kungavakala ngaphandle kwegumbi). | Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu kwaye ndilele imini yonke. |
| Ukuyeka ukuphefumla ngexesha lokurhona. | Intloko ebuhlungu xa uvuka kusasa. |
| Ukuvuka ephefumlela phezulu ngokungathi uyafuthanisela. | Ukungakwazi ukuvumelana nantoni na kunye nokulibala. |
| Ukubila kakhulu ebusuku. | Utshintsho lwengqondo olufana nomsindo ngaphandle kwesizathu, ukudakumba, kunye nokuxhalaba. |
| Ukujika nokujika ngokungazinzi xa ulele. | Ukuncipha kwemisebenzi yesondo. |
Kuvakala njani ukurhona komntu one-OSA?
Khawuthelekelele iqabane lakho lilele. Liye larhona kakhulu ixesha elide. Ngequbuliso, isandi siyayeka... ukuthula ngokupheleleyo. Uyoyika, ucinga, "Kutheni kungekho sandi? Andazi ukuba uyaphefumla na." Emva kwemizuzwana eli-10, engama-20, mhlawumbi nangaphezulu, ngequbuliso lenza isandi esithi 'hhhh', liphefumle, lize liqalise ukurhona kwakhona. Lelo lelinye leempawu eziphambili ze-OSA. Oku kunokwenzeka amaxesha amaninzi ebusuku.
Kutheni i-OSA ikhula? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, unobangela oyintloko kukuba izihlunu zomqala ziphumla kakhulu xa ulele, nto leyo evala indlela yomoya. Kodwa oku akwenzeki kuwo wonke umntu. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinobungozi ezinokuchaphazela oku.
| Into enobungozi | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukutyeba kakhulu (Ukutyeba kakhulu) | Le yeyona nto iphambili ebangela umngcipheko. Njengoko ubunzima bomzimba busanda, amafutha aqokelelana entanyeni nasemqaleni. Oku kunciphisa indlela yomoya. |
| Utshintsho kwisakhiwo somzimba | Iimeko zokuzalwa ezifana nomhlathi omncinci ongezantsi, ulwimi olukhulu, okanye iitoni ezinkulu okanye ii-adenoids nazo zinokubangela ukucutheka kwendlela yomoya. |
| Amafutha entamo | Amadoda anekhola engaphezulu kwe-16-17 intshi ngobukhulu kunye nabafazi abanekhola esondeleleneyo nabo basengozini enkulu. |
| Ukwaluphala | Njengoko amandla emisipha ehla ngokukhula, izihlunu zomqala nazo zinokukhululeka ngokulula. |
| Iimeko zofuzo | I-OSA inokwenzeka nakwiimeko ezithile zemfuza, ezifana ne-Down syndrome. |
| Utywala kunye nokutshaya | Ukusela utywala kwandisa ukukhululeka kwemisipha emqaleni. Ukutshaya kunokubangela ukudumba kwindlela yomoya. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba i-OSA inokuchaphazela nabani na oneminyaka okanye ubungakanani bomzimba. Ngoko ke musa ukucinga ukuba, "Andityebanga, andizukuqonda."
Zeziphi iingxaki ezinobungozi ezinokwenzeka ukuba oku akunyangelwanga?
Ukuba singayinaki le nto njengento nje ephazamisayo, inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu. Ukungabikho kweoksijini emzimbeni ubusuku bonke kunye nokuphazamiseka kokulala kuyayichaphazela yonke imizimba yethu.
- Ukulala kakhulu emini: Oku kuyingozi kakhulu. Ukulala ngelixa uqhuba okanye usebenzisa oomatshini kunokuba yingozi ebomini.
- Isifo sentliziyo: Ukunqongophala kweoksijini ixesha elide kubeka intliziyo uxinzelelo olukhulu, nto leyo eyonyusa umngcipheko we-hypertension, isifo sentliziyo, ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, kunye ne-arrhythmias.
- Istroke: I-OSA inyusa kakhulu umngcipheko westroke.
- Uhlobo lweSibini lweSifo seswekile: I-OSA yonyusa ukumelana komzimba ne-insulin, nto leyo enyusa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo seswekile.
- Ukufa ngequbuliso:Nangona i-OSA ingaqhelekanga, inzima, kwaye ayinyangwanga inokukhokelela ekumisweni kwentliziyo ngexesha lokulala kwanokufa.
Uyazi njani ukuba une-OSA?
Ukuba wena okanye umntu osapho lwakho unezi mpawu, into yokuqala omawuyenze kukubona ugqirha . Ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho aze ahlole umqala wakho, umlomo kunye nentamo.
Emva koko, ukuqinisekisa le meko, baya kuyalela uvavanyo olukhethekileyo olubizwa ngokuba luphononongo lokulala . Oku kwenziwa ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili.
1. I-Polysomnogram (PSG): Le yeyona ndlela ichanekileyo. Kule ndlela, kuya kufuneka ulale esibhedlele okanye kwiziko lokulala elikhethekileyo (ilebhu yokulala). Apho, ngelixa ulele, amaza obuchopho bakho, isantya sentliziyo, indlela yokuphefumla, inqanaba leoksijini egazini, kunye neentshukumo zomzimba zijongwa ubusuku bonke ngokusebenzisa izinzwa ezixhonywe kumatshini.
2. Uvavanyo lwe-Home Sleep Apnea (HSAT): Olu luvavanyo olulula olunokwenziwa ekhaya. Unganxiba isixhobo esincinci esibonelelwa sisibhedlele ngelixa ulele ekhaya. Silinganisa izinto ezimbalwa ezisisiseko, ezinje ngamanqanaba okuphefumla kunye neoksijini. Nangona singachazwanga njengePSG, kudla ngokwanela ukumisela ukuba unayo na i-OSA okanye awunayo.
Icebiso elincinci: Ukuba urekhoda ividiyo yokurhona kweqabane lakho kunye nokuphelelwa ngumphefumlo ngefowuni yalo, ngemvume yalo, ukuze lingaboni, kuya kuba luncedo olukhulu ekuxilongeni isifo xa uboniswa ugqirha.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Ngethamsanqa, i-OSA yimeko enokulawulwa kakuhle. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Ugqirha uya kumisela unyango olungcono ngokusekwe kubukhali bemeko kunye nemeko yesigulane.
- Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila:
- Ukunciphisa umzimba: Nokuba ulahlekelwe yi-5-10% yobunzima bomzimba wakho kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu kwiimpawu zakho ze-OSA.
- Ukutshintsha indlela olala ngayo: Xa ulala ngomqolo, ulwimi lwakho lunokuwela umva luze luvale indlela yakho yomoya. Ngoko ke, kungcono ukulala ngecala .
- Ziphephe iipilisi zotywala kunye nokulala: Ezi akufanele zisetyenziswe ebusuku kuba ziphumza izihlunu zomqala ngakumbi.
- Umatshini we-CPAP (Uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo lomoya olulungileyo):
Olu lolona nyango lusebenzayo nolusetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-OSA.. Lo matshini une-'mask' encinci enxitywa empumlweni okanye empumlweni nasemlonyeni. Oko ikwenzayo kukubonelela ngomoya rhoqo ngoxinzelelo olufunekayo ukugcina iindlela zethu zomoya zivulekile ngelixa silele. Emva koko ukuphefumla kwethu akupheli. Nangona kunzima ukuqhelana nayo ekuqaleni, abantu abaninzi bayayithanda ngenxa yokulala okuphumzayo enika yona kunye nokuziva uhlaziyekile emini.
- Izixhobo zomlomo:
Esi sisixhobo esenzelwe umlomo wakho ngugqirha wamazinyo. Xa sinxitywa ngelixa ulele, sinceda ukugcina umhlathi wakho ongezantsi ubheke phambili kancinci, sigcine umoya wakho uvulekile. Sidla ngokufaneleka kubantu abane-OSA ethambileyo ukuya kwephakathi.
- Utyando:
Ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango aziphumeleli okanye ukuba kukho ingxaki yesakhiwo emzimbeni, utyando lunokucetyiswa.
- Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP): Ukususwa kwezicubu ezigqithisileyo ngasemva komqala.
- Ukususwa kweetoni/i-Adenoidectomy: Ukususwa kweetoni okanye ii-adenoids ukuba zikhulu.
- Ukuvuselela imithambo-luvo: Isixhobo sokuvuselela imithambo-luvo sifakwe emzimbeni ukuze sivuselele izihlunu ezigcina indlela yomoya ivulekile ngexesha lokulala.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Ukuba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho unezinye zeempawu ezikhankanyiweyo kweli nqaku, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza . Ingakumbi,
- Ukuba iqabane lakho likhalaza ngokukhonkotha kwakho nokuphefumla kancinci.
- Ukuba uziva ulele kakhulu kwaye udiniwe emini.
- Ukuba uvuka kusasa unentloko ebuhlungu.
Ingxamiseko!
Ukuba ngequbuliso ufumana ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye ubonakalisa iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo (iintlungu zesifuba, ukubila) okanye iimpawu zokukhubazeka (ukulahlekelwa ngamandla kwelinye icala lomzimba, ubunzima bokuthetha), yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) ayikokurhona nje kuphela, yimeko enokuyichaphazela kakhulu impilo yakho.
- Ukulala kakhulu emini, iintloko ezibuhlungu zasekuseni, kunye nokutshintshatshintsha kweemvakalelo kunokuba ziimpawu eziphambili ze-OSA.
- Ukuba ayinyangwa, iingxaki ezinkulu ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo sentliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, kunye nesifo seswekile zinokubakho.
- Kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu koku, njengokunciphisa umzimba kunye nokusetyenziswa komatshini we-CPAP.
- Ukuba wena okanye iqabane lakho nineempawu ze-OSA, musani ukuyityeshela loo nto. Qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho.
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