Ngaba wakha wazijonga esipilini okanye wachukumisa intamo yakho waza wabona iqhuma elincinci? Okanye ngaba kukho umntu owakha wakuxelela ukuba intamo yakho ibukeka idumbile kancinci? Abantu abaninzi bayoyika xa bebona into efana nale. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba soyike, makhe sifunde ngakumbi ngee-thyroid nodules .
Zithini ii-Thyroid Nodules?
Ngamafutshane, i-thyroid gland yi-gland encinci efana nebhabhathane ekwicala lentamo yethu, kumacala omabini omphimbo womoya. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuvelisa iihomoni ezilawula imetabolism yomzimba wethu, oku kukuguqula ukutya esikutyayo kube ngamandla, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo .
Ngoko ke, ngamanye amaxesha ezinye iiseli kweli gland ziyakhula ngokungalawulekiyo kwaye zenze iqhuma okanye ithumba. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-thyroid nodule. Ezi zinokuba ziqinile okanye zibe njengengxowa egcwele ulwelo (cyst).
Ingaba la maqhuqhuva ayingozi? Ngaba angaba ngumhlaza?
Lo ngumbuzo oza engqondweni yomntu wonke kuqala. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lwexesha impendulo 'hayi'.
Kuphela linye kuphela kwishumi (10%) lamaqhuqhuva e-thyroid elifunyenweyo elinokuba ngumhlaza. Oko kuthetha ukuba malunga ne-90% yamaqhuqhuva anobungozi.
La maqhuqhuva adla ngokuba mancinci kangangokuba awuqondi nokuba akhona. Aqhelekile njengoko ukhula. Ukuba awanawo umhlaza, mhlawumbi awuyi kufuna naluphi na unyango. Ugqirha wakho uza kuwajonga nje. Oko kuthetha ukuba uza kubona ukuba ayakhula okanye abangela ezinye iingxaki.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zee-nodules ze-thyroid?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamaqhuqhuva e-thyroid. Uninzi lwawo alunawo umhlaza kwaye lunokulawulwa lula.
| Uhlobo lweqhubu | Inkcazo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Adenoma ye-thyroid | Ezi zi-tumor ezingezizo zomhlaza eziphuma kwizicubu ze-thyroid eziqhelekileyo. Ukuba akukho zimpawu, akukho nyango lufunekayo. Ugqirha uza kuzijonga nge-scan. |
| I-Adenoma Enobuthi | Ezi nodules zibangela ukuba i-thyroid gland ivelise iihomoni ezininzi kakhulu. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-hyperthyroidism. Ezi akunakwenzeka ukuba zibe ngumhlaza. |
| IiCysts zeThyroid | Ezi zifana neengxowa ezizaliswe lulwelo. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi azizo izifo zomhlaza. |
| I-Goiter | Ukudumba okanye ukwanda kwe-thyroid gland. Oku kunokubangelwa kukunqongophala kwe-iodine okanye iingxaki zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. |
| I-Multinodular Goiter | Eli gama lisetyenziswa xa i-thyroid gland idumbile kwaye inamaqhuqhuva amaninzi. Uninzi lwexesha, la maqhuqhuva awayongozi. |
| Umhlaza weThyroid | Kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, iqhuma linokuba ngumhlaza. Iintlobo ezifana ne-papillary kunye ne-follicular zikhula kancinci. Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaza. |
Ziziphi iimpawu onokuba nazo?
Uninzi lwexesha, la maqhuqhuva awabangeli zimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lweqhuqhuva, iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zinokubakho.
Iimpawu ezibangelwa kukwanda kweqhubu
Ukuba iqhuma likhulu, linokucinezela kwezinye iindawo zentamo, nto leyo ebangela iimpawu ezifana nezi:
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla
- UkutyaUbunzima bokuginya
- Ukuva rhoqo ukukrwela emqaleni
- Ukurhawuzela okanye ukutshintsha kwelizwi
Iimpawu ezibangelwa zii-nodules ezivelisa iihomoni ezininzi kakhulu ("ii-Hot Nodules")
Amanye amaqhuqhuva anokubangela ukuba i-thyroid ivelise iihomoni ezininzi kakhulu ( i-hyperthyroidism ). Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana nezi:
- Ukuhla ukusinda
- Ubuthathaka bemisipha
- Ukungakwazi ukunyamezela ubushushu
- Ukungazoli rhoqo kunye nokucaphuka
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo
- Ubuthathaka bamathambo
Iimpawu zemveliso ephantsi yehomoni (iHypothyroidism)
Ngamanye amaxesha abantu abanee-nodules ze-thyroid banokuba nezinga eliphantsi le-hormone ye-thyroid, nto leyo enokubangela iimpawu ezifana nezi:
- Ukudinwa kakhulu
- Ukungakwazi ukunyamezela ukubanda
- Ukuthintela
- Ulusu olomileyo
- Ukutyeba kwakho
- Ukuba nobuso obudumbileyo
- Iinwele ezinciphileyo
- Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kunye nokudakumba
Yintoni ebangela ii-nodules ze-thyroid?
Kunzima ukuqaphela unobangela omnye wamaqhuma, kodwa kukho izizathu ezininzi ezinokubakho.
- I-thyroiditis: Oku kukudumba okungapheliyo kwe-thyroid gland. Umzekelo woku yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yiHashimoto's.
- Ukunqongophala kwe-iodine: I-iodine yiminerali ebalulekileyo ekutyeni kwethu. Ukuba ayinayo, i-goiter inokukhula. Nangona kunjalo, eSri Lanka, le meko ayiqhelekanga ngoku kuba i-iodine yongezwa kwityuwa esiyityayo.
- I-Thyroid Adenoma: Olu lukhula olungachazwanga, olungenabungozi oluvela kwizicubu ze-thyroid.
- Umhlaza we-thyroid: Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba iqhuma libangelwe ngumhlaza.
Ugqirha uyifumanisa njani le nto? (Ukuxilongwa)
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba uneqhuma entanyeni yakho, into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenze kukubona ugqirha. Uza kukuhlola aze akuthumelele ezi mvavanyo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- Uvavanyo lweGazi: Uvavanyo lwakho lwegazi luza kujonga amanqanaba eehomoni ze-thyroid (TSH, T3, T4) ukuze kubonwe ukuba i-gland yakho isebenza kakuhle na .
- I-Ultrasound Scan: Olu luvavanyo olungenabuhlungu. Lunokuchonga ngokuchanekileyo ubungakanani kunye nokuma kweqhubu, kunye nokuba liqinile okanye ligcwele ulwelo (i-cyst).
- Ukuhlola isampuli yeseli (iFine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy):Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo. Kulo, kufakwa inaliti encinci kakhulu kwiqhuma, emva kokulijonga kwiskeni, kwaye ezinye iiseli zithathwa apho zithunyelwe kwilebhu. Oku kuqinisekisa kakhulu ukuba iqhuma linomhlaza okanye akunjalo.
- I-Thyroid Scan: Oku kuquka ukunika umzimba inani elincinci le-radioactive iodine kunye nokujonga indlela i-gland eyifunxa ngayo.
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba iqhuma lakho liyafuna unyango okanye cha, kwaye uza kwenza ntoni ukuba liyafuna unyango. Oku kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lweqhuma, ubungakanani balo, iimpawu zalo, kunye nengxelo ye-biopsy.
- Ukuqwalaselwa: Ukuba iqhuma lincinci, alinazo iimpawu zomhlaza, kwaye alibangeli ngxaki, ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba ungenzi nto kwaye umane ujongwa nje rhoqo.
- Ukukhuhla: Ukuba iqhuma liyingxowa egcwele ulwelo (i-cyst), kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhuhla ulwelo ngenaliti encinci.
- Ukuhlanjwa: Indlela yokutshabalalisa iithumba kusetyenziswa iindlela ezifana nokufakwa ubushushu okanye inaliti yotywala.
- Utyando: Ukuba iqhuma likhulu, ukuba kunzima ukuliginya okanye ukuphefumla, okanye ukuba umhlaza uqinisekisiwe okanye urhanelwa, kwenziwa utyando lokususa iqhuma okanye i-thyroid gland yonke. Olu tyando lubizwa ngokuba yi-thyroidectomy. Ukuba i-thyroid gland yonke isusiwe, kuya kufuneka uthathe iipilisi ze-thyroid hormone ubomi bakho bonke.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid yimeko eqhelekileyo kakhulu, ingakumbi njengoko sikhula.
- Malunga nama-90% ezi azinawo umhlaza. Ngoko ke musa ukoyika ngokungeyomfuneko ukuba ubona iqhuma entanyeni yakho.
- Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uziva iqhuma entanyeni yakho, kunzima ukuginya okanye ukuphefumla, okanye ilizwi lakho litshintshile, ungaze ulityeshele. Ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha.
- Ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo olufunekayo aze afumanise ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ingxaki.
- Unyango luxhomekeke kwimeko yakho. Ayizizo zonke izigaqa ezifuna utyando.
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