Masithethe ngeHeart Block ngokulula!

Intliziyo yethu ifana nomatshini omangalisayo osebenza ngesingqi esithile, akunjalo? Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha esi singqi siyaphela kancinci. Usenokuba ukhe waziva ukuba intliziyo yakho ibetha kancinci, ngequbuliso itsiba isingqi, okanye isifuba sakho siva siqinile. Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zoku yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Heart Block'. Musa ukoyika xa usiva eli gama. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale nto, oko kukuthi, ukuvaleka kwemiqondiso yombane yentliziyo, ngendlela elula kakhulu onokuyiqonda.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni iHeart Block?

Ukuze siqonde oku, masiqale sijonge indlela intliziyo yethu esebenza ngayo. Khawuthelekelele intliziyo yakho ifana nendlu enamagumbi amane. Kukho amagumbi amabini kumgangatho ophezulu (esiwubiza ngokuba yiAtria) kunye namagumbi amabini kumgangatho osezantsi (ayiVentricles). Ukuze intliziyo ibethe, kufuneka isignali yombane ihambe ukusuka kumgangatho ophezulu ukuya kumgangatho osezantsi.

Njengoko olu phawu lombane luhamba ukusuka phezulu ukuya kwigumbi elisezantsi, ludlula kwindawo encinci yokudibana (ebizwa ngokuba yi-AV node kwisayensi yezonyango) phakathi kwezi zimbini. Ukuvalwa kwentliziyo kuthetha ukuba kukho ukuthintelwa, ukulibaziseka, okanye ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo kophawu lombane njengoko luhamba kule ndawo yokudibana.

Kwenzeka ntoni xa olu phawu lombane lungadluli kakuhle? Ngenxa yokuba amagumbi entliziyo (iiseli) angafumani phawu ngexesha elifanelekileyo, intliziyo ibetha kancinci okanye itsibe ezinye izingqisho . Kwiimeko ezinzima, intliziyo isenokungakwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo emzimbeni. Oku kunokunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi emzimbeni wonke.

Le meko inokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba ivele kamva ebomini, ingakumbi xa ukhula, kunokuba ibekho xa uzalwa. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Atrioventricular (AV) block.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-heart block?

Ubunzima beHeart Block buyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokuphazamiseka kwesignali yombane. Ngoko ke, siyahlulahlula ibe ziintlobo ezintathu eziphambili. Makhe sijonge le theyibhile ukuze sikuqonde oku ngokulula.

Okungakumbi malunga neBloko yeNhliziyo yenqanaba lesibini...

• Uhlobo lweMobitz I: Le yimeko apho isignali yombane ilibaziseka, ize ilibaziseke, ize iphoswe ngequbuliso, ize iqale kwakhona. Le yimeko engembi kangako.
• Uhlobo lweMobitz II: Olu ayilophawu lwesilumkiso. Luphawu lombane olukhawulezileyo nolungalawulekiyo olungaviwayo. Isantya sentliziyo asiqhelekanga kwaye sicotha. Oku kubi kakhulu kunohlobo lwe-1. Le meko idla ngokufuna i-pacemaker.

Ngaba nawe unazo ezi mpawu?

Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhali besifo sentliziyo. Usenokungaziboni naziphi na iimpawu ngelixa umhlobo wakho enazo.

• Abantu abane -heart blockage yenqanaba lokuqala abadli ngokuba nazimpawu . Ifunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-ECG (electrocardiogram) olwenziwe ngesinye isizathu.

Kodwa kwinqanaba lesibini nelesithathu, njengoko isantya sentliziyo sincipha, iimpawu ezinje:

• Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukungakhululeki
• Ukudinwa kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye ukuphefumla kancinci
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo (ukuziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza)
• Ukuba nesiyezi kunye nokuziva ukhathazekile
• Ukuquleka
• Isicaphucaphu

Zithini izizathu zokuvaleka kwentliziyo?

Nantoni na enokwenzakalisa inkqubo yombane yentliziyo inokubangela oku. Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziphambili:

• Uhlaselo lwentliziyo: Ukonakala kwemisipha yentliziyo okubangelwa kuhlaselo lwentliziyo.
• Isifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo (CAD): Ukuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni.
• I-Cardiomyopathy: Ukubuthathaka okanye ukuqina kwemisipha yentliziyo.
• Izifo zevalvu yentliziyo: Iingxaki ezithile ngeevalvu zentliziyo.
• Amayeza athile: Amayeza athile oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nesifo sentliziyo (umz. iiBeta-blockers, iiCalcium channel blockers).
• Isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso: Ukubakho kotshintsho oluthile kwisakhiwo sentliziyo ekuzalweni.
• Ukwenzakala ngexesha lotyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo.
• Ezinye izifo: Iintsholongwane ezifana nesifo seLyme.
• Ezinye izifo: Isifo se-thyroid, i-sarcoidosis, njl.

Ungayifumana njani le nto?

Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kukubuza ngezi zinto:

• Zithini iimpawu zakho kwaye unexesha elingakanani unazo?
• Ngaba kukho umntu onesifo sentliziyo kusapho lwakho?
• Malunga namayeza owasebenzisayo.
• Malunga nendlela ophila ngayo (ukutya, ukusela, ukuzilolonga, ukutshaya).

Emva koko, ugqirha uza kukuxilonga, aphulaphule intliziyo yakho, ajonge izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo yakho, aze, ukuba kuyimfuneko, akuthumele kwingcali yentliziyo.

Ukuqinisekisa isifo, kunokwenziwa ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo:

• I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo nolulula. Lurekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo.
• I-Ambulatory Monitor (i-Holter Monitor): I-Heart block isenokungabi njalo, ngoko ke uya kunikwa isixhobo esincinci oza kusinxiba ukuze urekhode umsebenzi wentliziyo yakho iiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-48.
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lomzimba: I-ECG ithathwa xa uhamba okanye ubaleka kwi-treadmill, ujonge indlela isantya sentliziyo yakho esitshintsha ngayo xa uzilolonga.
• Uphononongo lwe-Electrophysiology (Uphononongo lwe-EP):Olu luvavanyo oluntsonkothileyo kancinci. Intambo encinci idluliselwa entliziyweni ukuze kuchongwe indawo echanekileyo yengxaki kwinkqubo yombane.

Iphathwa njani iHeart Block?

Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo sentliziyo osifumeneyo, ukuba sibi kangakanani, kunye neempawu onazo.

• Ukuvaleka kwentliziyo kwinqanaba lokuqala: Oku akudingi nyango . Ugqirha wakho uza kukujonga.
• Ukuvaleka kwentliziyo kwinqanaba lesibini: Uhlobo lweMobitz I lusenokungadingi unyango ukuba akukho zimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho iimpawu, okanye uhlobo lweMobitz II, kunokufuneka i- pacemaker ukuze kugcinwe isigqi sentliziyo.
• Ukuxinana kwentliziyo kwinqanaba lesithathu: Abantu abanale meko badla ngokufuna i-pacemaker .

Yintoni le Pacemaker?

I-pacemaker sisixhobo esincinci kakhulu, esisebenza ngebhetri. Sifakwa phantsi kwesikhumba sesifuba sakho ngexesha lotyando oluncinci. Ucingo oluncinci oluvela koku luqhagamshelwe entliziyweni yakho. I-pacemaker isebenza ngokuthumela imiqondiso yombane entliziyweni yakho xa ibetha kancinci kakhulu, igcina ibetha ngesingqi esiqhelekileyo.

Izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa uhlala ne-pacemaker

Ungaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo emva kokufakelwa i-pacemaker, kodwa kufuneka uqaphele oku kulandelayo:

• Musa ukusondela kwizinto ezinjengoomatshini beMRI.
• Iifowuni: Musa ukuphatha ifowuni yakho epokothweni efanayo nesixhobo sakho sokuncedisa ukubetha kwentliziyo. Yigcine ubuncinane kwiisentimitha ezi-6 ukusuka apho.
• Ukuhlolwa kokhuseleko, njengakwizikhululo zeenqwelo-moya: Xelela amagosa okhuseleko ukuba une-pacemaker. Kwaye soloko uphethe ikhadi elichaza ukuba une-pacemaker.
• Yazisa abanye oogqirha: Nokuba uza kubona ugqirha wamazinyo okanye nawuphi na omnye ugqirha, baxelele ukuba une-pacemaker.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha wakho?

Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya kwiikliniki ngamaxesha amiselweyo njengoko ugqirha echazile. Ukuba unesixhobo sokuncedisa umgudu wokunceda, kufuneka ujonge rhoqo ukuba sisebenza kakuhle na.

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko:

• Isiyezi okanye ukuba nentloko ebuhlungu
• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okanye ukutsiba iingoma
• Ukuziva ubuthathaka
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla
• Ukudumba kwemilenze namaqatha

Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo (iintlungu eziqatha esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla) okanye iimpawu zokuma kwentliziyo (ukulahlekelwa zingqondo ngequbuliso), yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.