Ingaba intliziyo yakho ibuthathaka kangangokuba ayisakwazi ukulawulwa ngamayeza okanye ezinye iindlela zonyango? Ngamanye amaxesha ukhetho lokugqibela nolokugqibela lokusindisa ubomi bakho kukufumana intliziyo entsha nesempilweni. Oku sikubiza ngokuba kukufakelwa intliziyo. Ekubeni olu lutyando olunzima kakhulu, olukhulu, abantu abaninzi banokuba nemibuzo, uloyiko, kunye nomdla ngalo. Ke ngoko, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngayo yonke into ukususela ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni, ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni ukufakelwa intliziyo? Ngubani okufunekayo?
Ngamafutshane, ukufakelwa intliziyo yinkqubo yotyando apho intliziyo yakho egulayo nebuthathaka isuswa khona ize ithathelwe indawo yintliziyo ephilileyo evela kumntu oswelekileyo. Olu lunyango lokugqibela lokusindisa ubomi bakho. Oko kukuthi, kuyacetyiswa kubantu abaneengxaki zentliziyo ezikwinqanaba lokugqibela abangenakunyangeka ngalo naluphi na olunye unyango.
Zininzi izizathu zokuba intliziyo ibe buthathaka kangaka ide ifikelele kweli nqanaba. Iimeko eziphambili ezifuna ukufakelwa intliziyo zezi:
- I-Cardiomyopathy: Oku kubhekisa kuyo nayiphi na imeko eyonakalisa izihlunu zentliziyo. Inokubangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo, kuquka usulelo kunye nemfuza. Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba kwenziwe uvavanyo olungakanani na, unobangela usenokungafumaneki.
- Isifo seMitha yeCoronary: Imeko ebangelwa kukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni (imithambo yegazi yecoronary). Oku kunokukhokelela ekuhlaselweni yintliziyo kunye nomonakalo ongenakuphikiswa entliziyweni.
- Isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso: Oku kubhekisa kwiziphene kwisakhiwo sentliziyo ezibakho ekuzalweni. Ezinye iintlobo ezinzima zesifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso zinokufuna ukufakelwa intliziyo.
- Isifo sentliziyo seValvular: Izifo ezibangelwa kukonakala kweevalvu entliziyweni.
Olu tyando lunokwenziwa ebantwaneni nakubantu abaneminyaka engama-70 ubudala, kwaye kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-75 ubudala.
Zixhaphake kangakanani ezi ntlobo zotyando? Kutheni zingaqhelekanga?
Ukufakelwa intliziyo yenye yezona ntlobo zotyando zingaqhelekanga ehlabathini. Zimbini izizathu eziphambili zaloo nto.
1. Ukunqongophala kweentliziyo zabanikeli: Ukuze intliziyo ityalwe kwenye indawo, kufuneka umntu ayinikele. Bambalwa kakhulu abanikeli abanjalo. Kwakhona, kufuneka kubekho ukuhambelana okuhle phakathi komnikeli nommkeli. Oku kuthetha ukuba zombini iintlobo zegazi kufuneka zifane, kwaye ubungakanani bomzimba kufuneka bufane. Ukuba oku kuhambelana akugqibelelanga, inkqubo yomzimba yomnikeli inokuba sengozini yokungamkeli intliziyo entsha.
2. Ubunzima botyando:Olu lutyando oluntsonkothileyo kakhulu olufuna ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu kunye nobuchule. Ke ngoko, zizibhedlele kuphela ezinezibonelelo ezikhethekileyo nezixhotyiswe ngokupheleleyo ezinokwenza olu tyando.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi kotyando? Masiwazi kakuhle la manyathelo
Wakuba ugqibe ekubeni wenze utyando lokufakelwa intliziyo, akuyi kufuneka utyando kwangoko. Kukho amanyathelo aliqela ekufuneka agqitywe kwangaphambili.
1. Ukuthunyelwa kwinkqubo yokufakelwa intliziyo: Ugqirha onyangayo uza kukuthumela kwisibhedlele esikhethekileyo esinenkqubo yokufakelwa intliziyo.
2. Ukujonga ukuba ufanelekile na utyando: Okulandelayo, siza kuvavanya ukuba umzimba wakho unokumelana njani notyando olukhulu kangaka kunye nokuba ungafumana iziphumo ezilungileyo na emva kotyando.
3. Uluhlu lokulinda: Ukuba uzimisele ukuba ufanelekile utyando, igama lakho liya kufakwa kuluhlu lokulinda.
4. Unyango de kubekho ukufakelwa kwentliziyo: De kubekho intliziyo efanelekileyo kuwe, kukho unyango olwahlukeneyo olunikezelwayo ukuze imeko yakho ihlale izinzile.
Makhe sijonge eli nyathelo ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.
Ukujonga ukuba ufanelekile na utyando (Uvavanyo lokufakelwa kwezityalo)
Eli linyathelo elibaluleke kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuba kukho inani elilinganiselweyo leentliziyo zabanikeli, elo lungu lixabisekileyo lifakwa kumntu onethuba elihle lokuxhamla kolu tyando, oko kuthetha ukuba uphila ubomi obude nobulungileyo. Oku kubandakanya ukujonga yonke into enxulumene nokuphila kakuhle komzimba, ingqondo, kunye nentlalo-ntle yakho.
| Uhlobo lovavanyo | Ingaba ujonge kwintoni? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo | Baza kujonga inani legazi lakho, kuquka iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeplatelets, ukusebenza kwenkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba, ukusebenza kwezintso, nokuba usebenzisa utywala, icuba, okanye ezinye iziyobisi. Zonke ezi zinto maziphetshwe ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kotyando. |
| Uvavanyo lokuFanekisa | Uvavanyo olufana ne-X-ray, i-CT scans, i-MRI scans, kunye ne-Echocardiograms zihlola ingaphakathi lomzimba kunye nolwakhiwo lwentliziyo. |
| Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwentliziyo | Uvavanyo olufana ne-ECG, uvavanyo loxinzelelo lokuzivocavoca, kunye ne-Heart Catheterization lujonga indlela intliziyo, inkqubo yokuphefumla, kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi esebenza ngayo. |
| Uvavanyo lwezifo ezithile | Uza kuvavanywa izifo ezisulelayo ezifana nesifo sephepha, i-HIV, i-Hepatitis B, kunye ne-Hepatitis C. Bekufanele ukuba ufumene zonke izitofu ezifunekayo ngaphambi kotyando. |
| Uvavanyo lwengqondo nolwentlalo | Ukujamelana nobomi emva kolu tyando kunokuba nzima engqondweni. Ke ngoko, iqela lezonyango liza kuxoxa ngempilo yakho yengqondo kunye nenkqubo yenkxaso onayo. |
Ukungena kuLuhlu lokulinda
Xa zonke ezi mvavanyo ziqinisekisa ukuba ufanelekile utyando, uza kufakwa kuluhlu lokulinda. Abantu abakolu luhlu bafumana iintliziyo ngokulandelelana kwazo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ixesha ofumana ngalo intliziyo lixhomekeke ekubeni ifuneka kangakanani intliziyo .
Unyango lweBhulorho
Kusenokufuneka ulinde iinyanga, kwaneminyaka, ukuze kufunyanwe intliziyo efanelekileyo. Ngeli xesha, uya kufumana unyango olwahlukeneyo lokuxhasa intliziyo yakho ebuthathaka kunye nokulawula iimpawu zakho.
- Amayeza: Kunikwa amayeza ahlukeneyo ukuze kukhawuleziswe isantya sentliziyo kwaye kuncediswe ukupompa kwentliziyo.
- Izixhobo zoomatshini: Ngamanye amaxesha izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezinceda ipompo yentliziyo kufuneka zinamathele emzimbeni. Umzekelo yi "ipompo yebhaluni yangaphakathi kwe-aorta".
- Isixhobo Sokuncedisa Imithambo Yasekhohlo (LVAD): Ukuba intliziyo ibuthathaka kakhulu kwaye ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo emzimbeni, esi sixhobo sifakwa ngotyando entliziyweni. Oku kunceda intliziyo ipompe igazi.
Indlela olu tyando lwenziwa ngayo inyathelo ngenyathelo
Wakuba nje usivile ukuba ufumene intliziyo efanayo, uza kulungela utyando ngoko nangoko. Le yinkqubo enzima kakhulu ethatha iiyure ezininzi.
1. I-Anesthesia: Okokuqala, uza kunikwa i-anesthesia eqhelekileyo ukuze ulale ngokupheleleyo.
2. Uqhagamshelo kwi-ventilator: Emva kokuba ulele, ityhubhu iya kufakwa entanyeni yakho ize iqhagamshelwe kumatshini wokuphefumla (i-ventilator). Lo matshini uya kukunika ithuba lokuphefumla kulo lonke utyando.
3. Ukudibanisa nomatshini wentliziyo nemiphunga: OkulandelayoUza kuqhagamshelwa kumatshini we-cardiopulmonary bypass. Ngamafutshane, lo matshini uthatha okwethutyana umsebenzi wentliziyo nemiphunga yakho ngexesha lotyando. Wongeza ioksijini egazini lakho, ususa i-carbon dioxide, kwaye upompa igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke.
4. Ukususa intliziyo enesifo: Oogqirha baza kuvula isifuba sakho, bavale imithambo yegazi ekhokelela entliziyweni, baze bayisuse ngononophelo intliziyo yakho enesifo.
5. Ukufakelwa intliziyo okunempilo: Emva koko, intliziyo ephilileyo enikelweyo iziswa kwindawo leyo ize idityaniswe nemithambo yegazi ephambili. Emva koko, intliziyo entsha yenziwa ukuba ibethe kwakhona. Ngamanye amaxesha, kufuneka inikwe ukuvuselelwa okuncinci kombane.
Yintoni onokuyilindela emva kotyando?
Emva kokuba utyando lugqityiwe ngempumelelo, isahluko esitsha ebomini bakho siqala.
- Ukuchacha esibhedlele: Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele malunga neveki enye ukuya kwezintathu. Iintsuku zokuqala ezimbalwa ziya kuchitha kwiyunithi yokhathalelo olunzulu (ICU) , apho uza kubekwa esweni iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, ingakumbi xa kukho iimpawu zokuba umzimba wakho uyala intliziyo entsha.
- Isicwangciso sokhathalelo lwasekhaya: Ngaphambi kokuba uphume esibhedlele, ugqirha wakho uza kukunika isicwangciso sokhathalelo lwasekhaya esiza kuquka yonke into ukusuka kumayeza ukuya ekutyeni, ukuzilolonga ukuya ekujongeni iimpawu zosulelo okanye ukwaliwa.
- Unyango lwentliziyo: Uza kubekwa kwinkqubo yokuzilolonga ekhethekileyo ejongiweyo ukuphucula amandla akho, ukunyamezela, kunye nokusebenza kwentliziyo.
Ukucinezelwa kweNkqubo yoMzimba
Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo emva kotyando kwaye yinto ekufuneka uyenze ubomi bakho bonke .
Cinga ngale ndlela: inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wakho (inkqubo yokuzikhusela) ifana nomkhosi okhusela ilizwe. Intliziyo esandul’ ukufakelwa itshatyalaliswa ngulo mkhosi ibonwa 'njengotshaba' olungene kweli lizwe. Ngoko ke umkhosi uqala ngoko nangoko ukuhlasela olu 'tshaba'. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukwaliwa .
Yeka oku kukhanyela, kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza akhethekileyo (ii-immunosuppressants) alawula okanye acinezela ukusebenza kwenkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela yomzimba yonke imihla ubomi bakho bonke .
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengxaki zolu tyando?
Iingenelo
Eyona nzuzo inkulu kukuba olu tyando lunokusindisa ubomi bakho xa kungekho ezinye iindlela. Lulo kuphela isisombululo xa ezinye iindlela zonyango zingasebenzi, akunakwenzeka ukuba zincede, okanye ziyingozi kakhulu. Kwakhona, abantu abaninzi banethuba lokuphila ubomi obungcono emva kotyando.
Iingxaki
- Ngenxa yokunqongophala kweentliziyo zabanikeli, ayinguye wonke umntu ofuna intliziyo onokufumana enye.
- Ngenxa yokuba olu lutyando oluntsonkothileyo kakhulu, imizimba yezinye izigulana isenokungakwazi ukumelana notyando.
- Kukho iingozi kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho ezinxulumene notyando.
Iingozi kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene notyando
Njengalo naluphi na utyando olukhulu, ukufakelwa intliziyo kuneengozi. Nazi ezona ziphambili.
| Umngcipheko/Ubuntsonkothi | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukwaliwa Kwamalungu | Inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ihlasela intliziyo entsha. Le yeyona ngozi inkulu. |
| Iintsholongwane | Ukusela amayeza okunciphisa amasosha omzimba kunciphisa amandla omzimba okulwa nezifo, nto leyo eyenza kube lula kuwe ukuba ufumane usulelo olwahlukeneyo. |
| Ukusilela kweRhafu | Unxibelelwano phakathi kwentliziyo etyaliweyo kunye nomzimba luyasilela ngesizathu esithile. |
| I-Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy (CAV) | Ukujiya nokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi entliziyweni etyaliweyo. |
| Ezinye iingxaki | Izinto ezifana nesifo sezintso, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ukuncitshiswa kwamathambo (i-osteoporosis), kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu womhlaza (ngenxa yamayeza okunciphisa umzimba) zinokwenzeka. |
Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuze umntu alulame? Liza kuqhubeka njani ikamva?
Kuthatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo. Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele malunga neeveki ezi-3. Kodwa ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili kwezonyango zanamhlanje, ikamva labo baye bafakelwa intliziyo liqaqambile kakhulu.
- Izinga lokusinda kunyaka wokuqala emva kotyando lingaphezulu kwama-90%.
- Malunga nesiqingatha sabantu baphila iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10 .
- Ngokuhambela phambili kwesayensi yezonyango, ngoku kukho abantu abaphila ubomi obusempilweni iminyaka engama-20-30 nangaphezulu .
Oko kuthetha ukuba ufumana ithuba elitsha lokwenza iinkumbulo ezintsha ezininzi nabantu obathandayo.
Imibuzo malunga nobomi bemihla ngemihla emva kotyando
Imisebenzi eqhelekileyo ingaqhubeka nini kwakhona?
Ugqirha wakho angakunika icebiso elingcono ngale nto. Ngokubanzi, akukhuthazwa ukuqhuba okanye ukuphakamisa nantoni na enzima kune-5 kg kangangeeveki ezi-6-8. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
Ndingasela utywala?
Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuyeka ukusela utywala ngokupheleleyo okanye ukubunciphisa kakhulu. Utywala buyandisa amanqanaba amafutha egazini lakho (ii-triglycerides). Oko akulunganga kwintliziyo yakho entsha. Unethuba lesibini empilweni, ngoko ke luxanduva lwakho ukuyinyamekela kakuhle loo ntliziyo.
Ndingazifumana izitofu zokugonya?
Ewe, ungafumana iintlobo ezininzi zezitofu zokugonya. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izitofu zokugonya eziphilayo azinakunikwa kuba uthatha amayeza acinezela amajoni akho omzimba. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ufumane imvume yakhe ngaphambi kokuba ufumane naluphi na ugonyo.
Xa kufuneka ubone ugqirha okanye uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko
Ngelixa usekhaya emva kotyando, kufuneka ulumke kakhulu malunga neempawu ezithile. Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zosulelo okanye enye ingxaki enkulu.
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ekufutshane nawe ngoko nangoko okanye uqhagamshelane neqela lakho lezonyango.
- Ifiva.
- Ubomvu okanye olunye ulwelo oluphuma kwinxeba lotyando.
- Ububomvu okanye ukuziva ufudumele kufutshane nenxeba.
- Ukuziva ngathi ithambo eliphakathi esifubeni (sternum) liyashukuma okanye liyahamba lisiya phambili nangasemva.
- Ukuva okanye ukuva isandi 'sokuklikha' okanye 'sokuklikha' kwithambo lakho lesifuba xa ushukuma.
Musa ukuzityeshela ezi mpawu. Ukufumana unyango kwangethuba kunokuthintela iingxaki ezinkulu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukufakelwa intliziyo yindlela yokugqibela yonyango olusindisa ubomi kwizigulana zentliziyo ezigula kakhulu ezingenakuphiliswa ngezinye iindlela zonyango.
- Olu lutyando oluntsonkothileyo kakhulu, ngoko ke uza kuhlolwa ngononophelo emzimbeni nasengqondweni ngaphambi kokuba utyando.
- Emva kotyando, kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza okunciphisa umzimba ubomi bakho bonke ukuze umzimba wakho ungalamkeli intliziyo entsha.
- Ukuba nenkxaso yosapho eqinileyo kunye nesimo sengqondo esihle kubaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yokuphiliswa.
- Ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo, ukuthatha amayeza akho njengoko kuyalelwe, kunye nokuya kwiikliniki ngexesha kubalulekile ukuze uphile ubomi obude nobunempilo.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho