Ingaba une-iron eninzi emzimbeni wakho? Masithethe nge-Hemochromatosis!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva udiniwe ngendlela engaqhelekanga ngaphandle kwesizathu? Ngaba amalungu akho, ingakumbi amadolo neenzwane zakho, ziyabuhlungu, kwaye ulusu lwakho lubonakala lungwevu okanye lubomvu? Sihlala sizilahla ezi zinto "njengendlela esikhula ngayo." Kodwa ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zemeko apho amanqanaba esinyithi emzimbeni wethu enyuka ngokuyingozi. Le meko ngokwezonyango ibizwa ngokuba yiHemochromatosis . Yile nto sithetha ngayo namhlanje.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni iHemochromatosis?

I-Hemochromatosis yimeko apho umzimba wakho uqokelela i-iron eninzi kakhulu . Abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuba " yi-iron overload ."

Ngokwesiqhelo, imizimba yethu ifunxa kuphela isixa sesinyithi esisifunayo ekutyeni esikutyayo. Nangona kunjalo, kubantu abane-hemochromatosis, umzimba ufunxa isinyithi esingaphezulu kuneso usifunayo. Ingxaki kukuba akukho ndlela yokususa esi sinyithi singaphezulu emzimbeni.

Ngoko ke umzimba uyigcina phi le iron ingaphezulu? Igcinwa kumalungu akho, nakwizitho ezibalulekileyo ezifana nesibindi sakho , intliziyo , ulusu, i-pituitary gland, kunye ne -pancreas . Ekuhambeni kwexesha, le iron iqokelelweyo iqala ukonakalisa ezo zitho. Ukuba ayinyangwa, la malungu anokuyeka ukusebenza.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zesi sifo.

Le meko ingahlulwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezimbini.

1. I-Primary Hemochromatosis: Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Lufuzo. Ngamafutshane, ukuze ufumane esi sifo, kufuneka uzuze i-gene enesiphene kumama wakho nakutata wakho. Ukuba uyizuze kumzali omnye kuphela, awuyi kuba nesifo, kodwa usenokuba ngumthwali we-gene.

2. I-Secondary Hemochromatosis: Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yezinye izizathu. Umzekelo, le meko inokwenzeka kumntu ofuna utofelo-gazi rhoqo ngenxa yemeko efana ne-anemia enzima.

Yintoni ebangela le meko?

Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi izizathu zoku.

Izizathu ezibangela ufuzo (i-Primary Hemochromatosis)

Imizimba yethu ine-gene ebizwa ngokuba yi-'HFE'. Yiyo le nto ilawula ukuba ingakanani i-iron esiyifunxayo ekutyeni esikutyayo. Iinguqu ezimbini kule gene ye-'HFE', ezizezi 'C282Y' kunye ne-'H63D', zezona zibangela uninzi lwezigulane ezine-hemochromatosis ezizuzwe njengelifa.

Ukongeza, utshintsho kwezinye iijini, ezifana ne-`HJV` kunye ne-`HAMP`, lunokubangela esi sifo nakubantu abambalwa (malunga ne-10%-15%). Abantu abachaphazeleka zezi jini badla ngokuba neempawu besebancinci.

Ibangelwa zezinye iimeko zonyango (i-Secondary Hemochromatosis)

Olu hlobo ludla ngokubangelwa kukufakwa igazi rhoqo ngenxa yeemeko ezifana ne-anemia enzima (njenge-sickle cell anemia) okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle komongo wethambo. Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezinikelwayo xa unikela ngegazi ziqulethe i-iron eninzi. Ekubeni umzimba ungenandlela yokususa le iron, ziqala ukuqokelelana.

Kwakhona, umonakalo wesibindi, umzekelo, ngenxa yesifo sesibindi esinamafutha ( i-cirrhosis ) okanye i-hepatitis B okanye i-C engapheliyo, unokubangela ukuba i-iron iqokelele emzimbeni.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa sesi sifo?

Nangona nabani na enokuba ne-hemochromatosis, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.

Ngaba nawe unazo ezi mpawu?

Malunga nesiqingatha sabantu abane-hemochromatosis abanazo naziphi na iimpawu. Amadoda adla ngokuba neempawu phakathi kweminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-50, ngelixa abafazi bedla ngokuba neempawu emva kweminyaka engama-50 okanye emva kokuya exesheni.

Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?

Ngenxa yokuba ezi mpawu zinokubonakala kwezinye izifo, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima ukuzifumanisa. Ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza ngembali yezonyango yosapho lwakho aze enze novavanyo lomzimba.

Ukongeza, ezi mvavanyo zinokwenziwa:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Kwenziwa uvavanyo oluphambili olubini apha.
• Ukwanda kwe-Transferrin: Oku kulinganisa ubungakanani be-iron ebotshelelwe kwiproteni (i-transferrin) ethwala i-iron egazini.
• I-Serum Ferritin: Oku kulinganisa ubungakanani beproteni (i-ferritin) egcina isinyithi egazini.

Ukuba ezi mvavanyo zibonisa ukuba amanqanaba akho e-iron aphezulu, ugqirha wakho unokwenza uvavanyo lwemfuza ukuze abone ukuba unayo na i-gene ebangela i-hemochromatosis.

• I-Biopsy yesibindi: Ugqirha uthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicubu esibindini aze alihlole nge-microscope ukuze abone ukuba akukho monakalo esibindini.

• I-MRI scan: Oku kungathatha imifanekiso ecacileyo yamalungu akho omzimba kwaye kubone ukuba anayo na i-iron deposits.

Zithini iindlela zonyango?

Ukuba une-Primary Hemochromatosis, unyango lulula kakhulu. Lubandakanya ukususwa kwegazi emzimbeni wakho ngexesha elithile. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiPhlebotomy.

I-Phlebotomy

Oku kufana nokunikela ngegazi. Ugqirha okanye umongikazi oqeqeshiweyo ufaka inaliti emthanjeni osengalweni yakho aze atsale igazi kwingxowa yegazi.

• Unyango lokuqala: Ekuqaleni, kuya kufuneka uye esibhedlele kanye okanye kabini ngeveki ukuze kutsalwe igazi de amanqanaba akho e-iron abuyele esiqhelweni. Oku kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi okanye unyaka.
• Unyango lokulungisa: Xa amanqanaba esinyithi ebuyele esiqhelweni, ukuphindaphinda kotofelo-gazi kuyancitshiswa, ngokuqhelekileyo kube kabini ukuya kane ngonyaka.

Unyango ngamayeza (iChelation Therapy)

Ukuba une-hemochromatosis yesibini, okanye ukuba imithambo yakho ayomelelanga ngokwaneleyo ukufunxa igazi, ugqirha wakho unokukunika unyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-'Chelation Therapy.' Kule meko, unikwa iyeza elinceda umzimba wakho ukhuphe i-iron engaphezulu ngomchamo wakho kunye nendle.

Ngaba le meko ingalawuleka ekhaya?

Umntu ofumana unyango lwe-phlebotomy akadingi kwenza naluphi na utshintsho olukhulu kwindlela atya ngayo, njengoko unyango ngokwalo lulawula amanqanaba akhe e-iron. Nangona kunjalo, ungenza oku kulandelayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki:

• Kuphephe ngokupheleleyo utywala. Utywala buyayonakalisa isibindi, nto leyo eyenza sibe yingozi kakhulu kwesi sifo.
• Kuphephe ukutya intlanzi eluhlaza okanye i-shellfish. Iibhaktheriya ezikwezi zinto zinokubangela usulelo olukhulu kubantu abane-iron ephezulu.
• Kuphephe ukuthatha izongezo zevithamini C. Nangona kunjalo, akukho ngxaki ekutyeni iziqhamo nemifuno equlethe ivithamini C.
• Kuphephe ukuthatha iipilisi zesinyithi okanye ii-multivitamins ezinesinyithi.
• Ziphephe ukutya ukutya kwasekuseni okune-iron eyomeleziweyo.