Xa sicinga nge-calcium, sicinga ngamathambo aqinileyo namazinyo aphilileyo, akunjalo? I-calcium ngokwenene sisondlo esibalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba, njengayo nayiphi na into eninzi, i-calcium eninzi egazini lethu inokubangela iingxaki ezininzi zempilo? Kwiimeko ezininzi, le meko inokubakho ngaphandle kweempawu kwizigaba zokuqala. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngokunyuka kwe-calcium egazini, okanye njengoko ibizwa ngokwezonyango, i-hypercalcemia.
Kutheni i-calcium egazini inyuka ngolu hlobo?
Ngokwesiqhelo, imizimba yethu iyakwazi ukulawula ubungakanani bekhalsiyam egazini lethu. Iihomoni ezininzi ziyanceda koku. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izizathu ezingaphezu kwama-25, ezifana nezifo ezithile, amayeza, iingxaki zezintso, okanye ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ezinokubangela ukuba olu lawulo luphulukane kwaye amanqanaba ethu ekhalsiyam egazini anyuke. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezizathu eziphambili.
I-Hyperparathyroidism (ii-glands ze-parathyroid ezisebenza kakhulu)
Le yeyona
nto iphambili neyona ixhaphakileyo ebangela i-calcium ephezulu egazini. Enyanisweni, le yeyona nto ibangela malunga ne-90% yamatyala e-'Hypercalcemia'. Emva kwe-thyroid gland entanyeni yethu kukho amadlala amane amancinci afana namathambo, esiwabiza ngokuba ngamadlala e-parathyroid. La madlala akhupha i-hormone ye-parathyroid `(Parathyroid Hormone - PTH).` Le hormone inceda ukulawula inqanaba le-calcium egazini. Kwi-'Hyperparathyroidism', elinye okanye ngaphezulu la madlala asebenza kakhulu aze aqhubeke nokuvelisa i-hormone ye-'PTH' ngaphandle kokujonga ukuba ingakanani na i-calcium egazini. Emva koko inqanaba le-calcium egazini liyanda ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Le meko ixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwabasetyhini abasele beyekile ukuya exesheni.
Amanye amayeza owathathayo
Amanye amayeza kunye nezongezo zesondlo ozithathayo zinokubangela ukuba amanqanaba e-calcium egazini lakho anyuke.
| Uhlobo lweyeza/lwezongezo | Inkcazo |
|---|
| I-Hydrochlorothiazide | Ipilisi yokukhupha isisu esetyenziselwa uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nokudumba emzimbeni. |
| I-Lithium | Iyeza elisetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezithile zengqondo. |
| IVithamin A kunye neVithamin D | Ukusela kakhulu ezi zinto (iHypervitaminosis D) kunokunyusa amanqanaba e-calcium. |
| Izongezo zeCalcium kunye neeantacids | Ukutya kakhulu iipilisi zecalcium kunye namanye amayeza asetyenziselwa isifo segastritis (njengeTums, Rolaids). |
Umhlaza
Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wemiphunga, webele, okanye wegazi nazo zinokubangela amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium egazini. Oku kunokubangelwa kukusasazwa kweeseli zomhlaza emathanjeni (i-bone metastases) okanye kwiihomoni eziveliswa zezinye iintlobo zomhlaza.
Ezinye izizathu ezingaqhelekanga
Zithini iimpawu zoku?
Ukuba une-hypercalcemia encinci, usenokungabi nazimpawu. Kodwa xa imeko iba mandundu, inokuchaphazela iindawo ezininzi zomzimba wakho. Lumka ezi mpawu.
- Ukuchama rhoqo
- Ukuziva unxaniwe ngokungaqhelekanga
- Ukudinwa kunye nobuthathaka emzimbeni
- Intlungu yethambo
- Intloko ebuhlungu
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
- Ukuqhinwa
- Umnqweno wokutya
- Intlungu yemisipha, ukuqina, okanye ukushukuma
- Ukulibala kunye nokudideka kwengqondo
- Uxinzelelo kunye nokuxinezeleka
Ukuba uqhubeka nokuba nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngazo.
Ziziphi iingxaki ezibangelwa kukwanda kwe-calcium emzimbeni?
Amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium egazini ixesha elide anokubangela iingxaki ezininzi zempilo.
- I-Osteoporosis: Kwiimeko ezifana ne-hyperparathyroidism, i-calcium eninzi ikhutshwa emathanjeni iye egazini. Oku kubangela ukuba amathambo abe mancinci, abe buthathaka, kwaye aphuke lula. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-osteoporosis.
- Amatye ezintso: Xa ubungakanani bekhalsiyam emchameni busanda, inokuqokelelana ize yenze amatye amancinci ngaphakathi kwezintso. La matye anokubangela iintlungu eziqatha njengoko ehamba kwindlela yomchamo.
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso: Amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium achaphazela ngqo ukusebenza kwezintso. Oku kunokunciphisa amandla azo okucoca igazi nokususa inkunkuma, kwaye kunokukhokelela nasekungasebenzini kakuhle kwezintso.
- Iziphumo ekusebenzeni kwengqondo: Ukwanda kwekhalsiyam egazini kunokuchaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo, kwaye kucingelwa ukuba kuchaphazela inkumbulo. Kungakhokelela kwiimeko ezifana nokudideka, i-dementia, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, nakwi-coma.
- Isifo sentliziyo: Amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium angaqhelekanga anokuphazamisa imiqondiso yombane yentliziyo, nto leyo ebangela ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (arrhythmia).
Ugqirha uyifumana njani le nto?
Ngenxa yokuba kungekho zimpawu zicacileyo, le meko ifunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo lwegazi olunesinye isizathu. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ezi mpawu, uya kuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga amanqanaba e-calcium yakho. Olu vavanyo lwegazi lunokujonga amanqanaba e-parathyroid hormone (PTH) yakho. Oku kunokunceda ngokulula ekuxilongeni i-hyperparathyroidism. Ukongeza, ezi vavanyo zilandelayo zinokwenziwa ukufumana unobangela:
- Uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga amanqanaba evithamini D
- Uvavanyo loxinano lwamathambo
- I-ultrasound scan ukujonga amatye ezintso
- Isampulu yomchamo ingavavanywa ukuze kubonwe ukuba ingakanani i-calcium ekhutshwayo kumchamo kunye nokuba izintso zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani.
Ukuba kukho esinye isizathu, esifana nomhlaza, ugqirha unokuyalela iimvavanyo zomfanekiso ezifana ne-X-ray, i-MRI, okanye i-CT scan.
Iphathwa njani?
Isicwangciso sonyango siya kuxhomekeka kubukhali be-hypercalcemia yakho kunye nesizathu sayo.
Ukuba imeko incinci (i-Mild Hypercalcemia): Ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni angakunyangi, kodwa ajonge amanqanaba akho e-calcium rhoqo. Usenokucebisa oku kulandelayo:
- Sela amanzi amaninzi.
- Yeka okanye utshintshe amayeza owasebenzisayo, njenge-diuretics.
- Yeka ukuthatha iipilisi ze-antacid ezine-calcium.
- Yeka ukuthatha izongezo zekhalsiyam.
Ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu (Severe Hypercalcemia): Kwimeko enjalo, kunokufuneka usebenzise amayeza okanye utyando.
- Amayeza: Ugqirha wakho angakunika amayeza anjenge-'Cinacalcet (Sensipar),' i-hormone 'Calcitonin' efumaneka kwi-salmon, ii-steroids ezifana ne-'Prednisone' kwiimeko ezibangelwa kukwanda kwe-vitamin D, kunye ne-'Bisphosphonates' kunye ne-'Denosumab (Prolia, Xgeva)' yobuthathaka bamathambo obubangelwa ngumhlaza.
- Utyando: Ukuba i-hypercalcemia yakho ibangelwa zii-parathyroid glands ezisebenza kakhulu, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba ususwe ngotyando i-gland okanye ii-glands ezichaphazelekayo.
Ezinye izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzazi
Impilo yakho kwimeko ye-'Hypercalcemia' ixhomekeke kubukhali besifo kunye nesizathu saso esiyintloko. Ukuba imeko incinci, kusenokungabikho ezinye iingxaki. Ungalawula amanqanaba akho e-calcium ngokulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba imeko inzima, kuya kwenziwa isicwangciso sonyango esisekelwe kwisizathu. Ukuba imbangela ngumhlaza, kunokufuneka ulaliswe esibhedlele ukuze ufumane ulwelo olufakwa kwimithambo yegazi (ii-IV fluids) kunye nolunye unyango. Nangona i-'Hypercalcemia', ebangelwa zezinye iimeko zonyango ezifana nomhlaza, ingenakuthintelwa, kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukulawula amanqanaba e-calcium egazini lakho.
- Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onembali ye-hyperparathyroidism, amatye ezintso, okanye amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngayo.
- Ungaze uthathe izongezo ze-calcium okanye ii-antacids ezityebileyo kwi-calcium ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha .
- Soloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha ngaphambi kokuba uthathe iivithamini, iiminerali, okanye naziphi na ezinye izongezo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Hypercalcemia lizinga eliphezulu le-calcium egazini. Rhoqo, akukho zimpawu zicacileyo kwizigaba zokuqala.
- Eyona nto ibangela oku yi-hyperparathyroidism, kodwa inokubangelwa nangamayeza athile kunye neemeko ezifana nomhlaza.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinje ngokunxanwa rhoqo, ukuchama rhoqo, ubuthathaka, kunye nentlungu yamathambo, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ungaze uthathe izongezo ze-calcium okanye i-vitamin D ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
- Indlela yonyango ixhomekeke kubukhulu besifo kunye nemeko yezonyango ebangela oko.
I-Hypercalcemia, i-calcium, i-calcium ephezulu, i-calcium egazini, i-parathyroid, amatye ezintso, iintlungu zamathambo
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