I-Hydrocephalus: Ngaba esi sisifo esifanele sisoyike? Masifumanise yonke into!

Sonke silivile ibali elithi "amanzi agcwalisa intloko yakho." Mhlawumbi ukuthethe oku njengehlaya, okanye mhlawumbi ukuve komnye umntu waza woyika. Oku akusiyo ihlaya, le yimeko echazwa ngokwezonyango. Oku kubangelwa luhlobo oluthile lolwelo oluqokelelana engqondweni ngaphezu kokuba kuyimfuneko. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngokulula nangobuhlobo malunga nokuba yintoni le Hydrocephalus, kutheni isenzeka, zithini iimpawu, kunye nonyango lwayo. Musa ukoyika, masiqonde yonke into ngale nto ngokucacileyo.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni iHydrocephalus?

Igama elithi hydrocephalus livela kulwimi lwesiGrike. Igama elithi "Hydro" lithetha "amanzi" kwaye elithi "Cephalus" lithetha "intloko." Ngoko ke intsingiselo elula kukuba "ukugcwalisa intloko ngamanzi." Kodwa apha, amanzi agcwalisa intloko asingomanzi esiwaselayo.

Ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo zijikelezwe lulwelo olukhethekileyo olusebenza njengesixhobo sokufunxa umothuko emotweni. Olu lwelo silubiza ngokuba yi- cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) . Lulwelo olucacileyo, olungenambala. Olu lwelo lwe-CSF lunemisebenzi emininzi ephambili:

• Ukhuseleko: Olu lwelo lugcina iingqondo zethu zikhuselekile ngaphakathi kwekhakayi lethu, njengeqanda kwisitya samanzi.
• Isondlo: Olu lwelo lukwanceda ekunikeni ingqondo izondlo ezifunekayo.
• Ukususwa kwenkunkuma: Oku kunceda nokususa inkunkuma kwiiseli zobuchopho kwaye kuyibuyisele egazini.

Khawuthelekelele ukuba ingqondo yethu inenkqubo efana netanki yamanzi endlwini yethu. Olu lwelo lwe-CSF luyaveliswa, luhamba ngamagumbi abizwa ngokuba zii-ventricles ebuchotsheni, luze luphinde lufunxwe egazini. Le yinto eyenzeka rhoqo, njengomjikelo. Isixa esifunekayo ngosuku siyaveliswa, kwaye isixa esifanayo siyafunxwa ngumzimba.

Khawucinge ngoku, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba kukho ukuvaleka kwenye indawo kulo mjikelo? Okanye, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba inkqubo yokubuyisela olu lwelo emzimbeni iba buthathaka? Kulapho ingxaki iqala khona. Ulwelo lwe-CSF luqala ukuqokelelana ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Njengoko ulwelo luqokelelana ngale ndlela, ii-ventricles ziya zikhula kancinci kancinci. Oku kwandisa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwekhakayi. Olu xinzelelo lugqithisileyo lunokonakalisa ingqondo kwaye luphazamise ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwengqondo. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-Hydrocephalus.

Ngubani onokufumana le meko?

I-Hydrocephalus ayipheleli kwiqela elithile leminyaka kuphela. Inokwenzeka nakubantu banoma yiphi na iminyaka.

• Iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa: Ezinye iintsana zizalwa zinesi simo. Ngokwezibalo, umntwana omnye okanye ababini kwi-1,000 nganye ezelweyo banokuba nale meko.
• Abantwana abancinci kunye nabantu abancinci:Oku kunokubangelwa nalusulelo lobuchopho okanye ingozi emva kokuzalwa.
• Abantu abadala: Abanye abantu banokuba nale meko njengoko bekhula. Ibizwa ngokuba yiNormal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH). Siza kuthetha ngaloo nto kancinci.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-hydrocephalus?

Kukho iintlobo ezine eziphambili zesi sifo. Zahlulwe ngokwendlela ezikhula ngayo. Nangona amagama oogqirha abawasebenzisayo ngale nto entsonkothileyo, masiwaqonde ngokulula.

Usenokuba ukhe weva igama elithi Ventriculomegaly . Oku kubhekisa ekwandeni kweeventricle kwingqondo yomntwana ngelixa esesesibelekweni. Oku kusenokubangelwa yi-hydrocephalus okanye ezinye izizathu.

Zithini izizathu ze-hydrocephalus?

Izizathu ze-hydrocephalus zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili: izizathu zokuzalwa kunye nezizathu zasemva kokubeleka.

Izizathu zokuzalwa (iCongenital Hydrocephalus)

Ezi ziziphumo zokudibana kwezinto ezibangela ufuzo kunye nokusingqongileyo njengoko umntwana ekhula esibelekweni.

• Iziphene zeMibhobho yeNervous: Iingxaki zomqolo kunye nobuchopho, ezifana neSpine Bifida .
• I-Aqueductal Stenosis: Ukuncitshiswa kwendlela ephakathi kwe-ventricle yesithathu neyesine yobuchopho.
• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha: Ukuba umntwana uzelwe ngaphambi komhla wokuzalwa, iingxaki ezifana nokopha engqondweni zinokubakho.
• Usulelo ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Ukuba umama ufumana usulelo olufana neRubella ngexesha lokukhulelwa, lunokuchaphazela izicubu zobuchopho bomntwana kwaye lubangele ukudumba.

Izizathu zamva (i-Acquired Hydrocephalus)

Ezi zinokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha ebomini, emva kokuzalwa.

• Ukulimala entloko: Ukubethwa kakhulu entloko okanye ingozi.
• Istroke: Ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni.
• Iithumba ebuchotsheni okanye emgogodleni.
• I-Meningitis: Usulelo lwengqondo okanye umqolo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, i-Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) inokwenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, ingakumbi kubantu abadala.

Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo? (Ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka!)

Makhe sibone indlela ezi mpawu ezichaphazela ngayo amaqela ahlukeneyo eminyaka kwitheyibhile engasezantsi.

Ugqirha uluchonga njani ngokuchanekileyo olu sifo?

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unezinye zeempawu ezingentla, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha ofanelekileyo ngoko nangoko. Uza kwenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwe-neurological. Emva koko, ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, uvavanyo olulandelayo lunokufuneka:

• Uvavanyo lweMifanekiso yoBuchongo: Olu vavanyo lunokubona ngokucacileyo ubungakanani bee-ventricles ezingaphakathi kwengqondo kunye nokuba ulwelo lwe-CSF luqokelelene na.
• I-Ultrasound Scan: Ekubeni ukhakhayi lweentsana ezincinci lungavalwanga, oku kungabonakala lula ngaphakathi kwengqondo.
• Iskeni ye-CT (i-Computerized Tomography):Ukufumana imifanekiso yobuchopho enqamlezileyo kusetyenziswa ii-X-ray.
• I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) Scan: Ifumana imifanekiso ecacileyo neneenkcukacha zobuchopho kusetyenziswa intsimi yemagnethi.
• Ezinye iimvavanyo (zabantu abadala):
• I-Spinal Tap (Lumbar Puncture): Inkqubo apho kufakwa inaliti encinci kakhulu kumjelo womgogodla ukuze kuthathwe isampuli yolwelo lwe-CSF. Oku kunokulinganisa uxinzelelo lwe-CSF.
• Ukubeka esweni uxinzelelo lwengqondo (ICP): Isixhobo sokuvavanya uxinzelelo esincinci sifakwa ekhayeni size sisetyenziswe ukujonga utshintsho kuxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwengqondo kwisithuba sosuku olunye okanye ezimbini.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-hydrocephalus?

Okokuqala, khumbula oku ngokucacileyo. I-Hydrocephalus ayisiyongxaki enokunyangwa ngokuthatha amayeza. Ukuba ayinyangwa, inokuba yingozi ebomini. Ke ngoko, ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo zezona ndlela zokufumana ukuchacha okuhle.

Okwangoku, unyango olukuphela kwalo olu nyango lutyando . Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zotyando ezisetyenziswayo.

1. Indawo yokubeka iShunt

Olu lolona nyango luqhelekileyo. I -shunt yityhubhu eguquguqukayo nebhityileyo. Kolu tyando, elinye icala letyhubhu lifakwa kwi-ventricle ebuchotsheni apho ulwelo lwe-CSF luqokelelana khona. Elinye icala letyhubhu lifakwa phantsi kwesikhumba, ngokuqhelekileyo kwisisu. Ulwelo olongezelelweyo lwe-CSF oluqokelelana ebuchotsheni ludlula kule tyhubhu luye kwisisu. Apho, ulwelo lubuyiselwa egazini lomzimba. Oku kufana 'nombhobho wokukhupha' owongezelelweyo osuka ebuchotsheni uye esiswini.

2. I-Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy (ETV)

Olu lutyando olwahlukileyo kancinci. Lubandakanya ukwenza umngxuma omncinci kakhulu ezantsi kwe-ventricle yesithathu yobuchopho. Oku kuvumela i-CSF ukuba idlule kwindlela evalekileyo ize ihambe ngendlela entsha. Kufana nokwenza indlela yokudlula kwindlela exakekileyo. Olu tyando ludla ngokuba lolona lufanelekileyo kubantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala kunye nabanye abantu abadala.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokwenzeka emva konyango?

Uninzi lwabantu luphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo emva kotyando ngaphandle kweengxaki. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha iingxaki zinokuvela. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuhlala unxibelelana nogqirha kwaye uye kwiikliniki ngexesha.

• Iingxaki ezinokubakho nge-shunt: Ngenxa yokuba i-shunt sisixhobo esisebenza ngoomatshini, inokwaphuka, ivaleke, okanye yosuleleke. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, kunokufuneka olunye utyando ukuze ilungiswe okanye itshintshwe.
• Iingxaki ngotyando lwe-ETV: Umngxuma owenziwe ngexesha lotyando lwe-ETV ungavaleka kwakhona nangaliphi na ixesha.

Ngoko ke, ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nikhe nafumana i-shunt okanye i-ETV, lumka kakhulu ngezi mpawu zilandelayo. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na kwezi, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye esibhedlele.

• Intloko ebuhlungu, isicaphucaphu, okanye ukuhlanza kwakhona.
• Ukukhubazeka kokubona.
• Ukudinwa kakhulu okanye ukozela.
• Ububomvu, ukudumba, okanye intlungu endleleni ye-shunt (phantsi kolusu).
• Umkhuhlane ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Intlungu kwimisipha yentamo okanye yamagxa.
• Ukuxhuzula.

Ngoko ke, ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo ngesi sifo?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo inokwenzeka!

Ngotyando olufanelekileyo kunye nolawulo oluqhelekileyo lwezonyango, uninzi lwabantu abane-hydrocephalus baphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobonwabisayo. Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo lwesi sifo kunye neemeko ezenzeka emva kotyando zinokuhluka kumntu nomntu.

Ingakumbi ukuba umntwana unale meko, inokuba nefuthe ekukhuleni komzimba nengqondo yomntwana. Ngoko ke, njengomzali, kubalulekile ukuba usebenzisane ngokusondeleyo nogqirha wakho. Ukunika umntwana unyango olufunekayo lwe-physiotherapy kunye nonyango lokuthetha kunokuxhasa kakhulu uphuhliso lomntwana.

Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko nokukhathazeka xa ufumanisa ukuba umntu omthandayo une-Hydrocephalus. Kodwa khumbula, awuwedwa. Ugqirha wakho kunye neqela lezempilo bakhona ukukunika iingcebiso kunye nenkxaso oyifunayo. Ngemfundo efanelekileyo kunye nendlela ecwangcisiweyo kakuhle, umntu omthandayo unokufezekisa iphupha lakhe lokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobonwabisayo.