Ingaba uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi aluhli nokuba usebenzisa amayeza? Masifunde nge-hyperaldosteronism.

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha ukhe uzibuze, 'Kutheni uxinzelelo lwam lwegazi lungehli nangona ndisebenzisa amayeza?'? Abanye abantu banengxaki efanayo. Kukho amaxesha apho kunzima ukulawula uxinzelelo lwabo lwegazi, nokuba sele bethathe amayeza. Ngamaxesha anje, kufuneka siqwalasele ukuba ingaba kukho unobangela oyintloko na. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngemeko ekunzima ukuyifumanisa ngamanye amaxesha, kodwa enokunyangeka ukuba inyangwa ngokufanelekileyo. Yiyo loo nto i-hyperaldosteronism .

Yintoni iHyperaldosteronism?

Ngamafutshane, i-hyperaldosteronism iyenzeka xa amadlala akho e-adrenal evelisa i-hormone eninzi ebizwa ngokuba yi-aldosterone . Cinga ngale ndlela, i-aldosterone ifana nonjineli omncinci olawula uxinzelelo lwethu lwegazi. Inceda ukugcina uxinzelelo lwethu lwegazi lukwinqanaba elifanelekileyo ngokulawula amanqanaba e -potassium kunye ne -sodium emizimbeni yethu.

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza, 'Zithini ezi glands ze-adrenal?' Ezi ziyinxalenye yenkqubo yethu ye-endocrine . Zifana neefektri ezincinci ezivelisa iihomoni ezahlukeneyo ezifunekayo emizimbeni yethu ukuze isebenze imihla ngemihla. Sinezi glands ze-adrenal ezimbini, ezibekwe phezu kwezintso zethu, njengesiciko.

Ziziphi iintlobo ze-hyperaldosteronism?

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-hyperaldosteronism.

1. I-Primary Hyperaldosteronism: Oku ngamanye amaxesha kubizwa ngokuba yiConn's syndrome . Okwenzekayo apha kukuba kukho into engalunganga ngama-adrenal glands akho ngokwawo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba avelise i-aldosterone eninzi kakhulu. Cinga ngayo ngokungathi kukho ingxaki ngaphakathi kwifektri kwaye avelisa izinto ezininzi kakhulu.

2. I-Secondary Hyperaldosteronism: Le ayiyongxaki ngee-adrenal glands. Yingxaki kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho ebangela ukuba ii-adrenal glands zikhuthazwe zize ziqale ukuvelisa i-aldosterone engaphezulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba ifektri isebenza ixesha elongezelelweyo ngenxa yempembelelo yangaphandle.

Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela, isiphumo sokugqibela kukuba amanqanaba e-aldosterone egazini lakho ayanda, nto leyo ebangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu) kwaye amanqanaba e-potassium egazini lakho anciphe. Oku kuncipha kwe-potassium kubizwa ngokuba yi-hypokalemia .

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko? Ixhaphake kangakanani?

I-Hyperaldosteronism ibonakala kakhulu kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-50 ubudala.Kwakhona, le meko ixhaphake kancinci phakathi kwabasetyhini kunamadoda.

Kunzima kubaphandi ukutsho ukuba oku kuqheleke kangakanani, kuba ngamanye amaxesha akufumaneki ngokuchanekileyo. Kodwa ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba phakathi kwe-5% kunye ne-10% yabantu abanoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu banokuba ne-primary hyperaldosteronism. Iingcali ziqikelela ukuba abantu abafikelela kwi-25% abanoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olunganyangekiyo ngamayeza banokuba nale meko. Ngoko ke, ayiqhelekanga kangako, akunjalo?

Zithini iimpawu zeHyperaldosteronism?

Iimpawu ze-hyperaldosteronism zinokwahluka kumntu nomntu, kuxhomekeke kubukhali besifo. Abanye abantu basenokungabi nazo kwaphela iimpawu , ingakumbi ukuba imeko ayinzima kangako.

Nangona kunjalo, uphawu oluphambili noluqhelekileyo lwale meko luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu) , ingakumbi uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olungenakulawuleka lula nokuba ngamayeza.

Ukongeza, ukuba ufumana ezinye iimpawu, zihlala zibangelwa luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphakathi ukuya koluqatha kunye/okanye amanqanaba aphantsi e-potassium egazini (i-hypokalemia).

Iimpawu ezinokubakho ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi):

• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Isiyezi
• Utshintsho lombono
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla

Iimpawu ezinokubakho ngenxa yamanqanaba aphantsi e-potassium egazini (i-hypokalemia):

• Ubuthathaka bemisipha - Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, imeko efana nokukhubazeka okwethutyana inokwenzeka.
• Ukuxhuzula okanye ukuxhuzula kwemisipha (Ukuxhuzula kwemisipha)
• Ukurhawuzelela kunye nokungabi nanto
• Ukudinwa
• Ukomela kakhulu (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -polydipsia)
• Ukuchama rhoqo

Ngoku uyaqonda, kuba ezinye zezi mpawu ziqhelekile kwezinye izifo, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba semva kwexesha ukuqaphela oku.

Yintoni ebangela oku?

Izizathu ze-hyperaldosteronism ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni ziphambili okanye zezesibini. Makhe sijonge ukuba zinjani.

Izizathu ze-Hyperaldosteronism ephambili

Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, iPrimary Hyperaldosteronism yingxaki kwiindlala zakho ze-adrenal ngokwazo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba zivelise i-aldosterone eninzi kakhulu.

Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo yile mvumba ingenamhlaza ebizwa ngokuba yi-adrenal adenomas eyenzeka kwi-adrenal glands . Ezi ziimvumba ezincinci, ezingenabungozi, kodwa zinokubangela ukukhutshwa kakhulu kwe-hormone aldosterone.

Ukongeza, kukho ezinye izizathu ezingaqhelekanga :

• I-Unilateral adrenal hyperplasia - Oku kuthetha ukuba i-adrenal gland enye kuphela kwelinye icala iyavuvukala, ikhule, kwaye ivelise iihomoni ezingaphezulu.
• Ii-adrenocortical carcinomas ezivelisa i-aldosterone - Ezi zii-tumor ezinomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, azixhaphakanga kakhulu.
• Uhlobo 1 lwe-Familial hyperaldosteronism - Esi sisifo esidluliselwa kwi-genetics kubazali ukuya kubantwana.

Izizathu ze-Hyperaldosteronism yesibini

Eyona nto ibangela i-hyperaldosteronism yesibini kukuncipha komthamo wegazi ofikelela kwizintso zakho .

Ukuze uqonde ukuba oku kwenzeka njani, kufuneka wazi ukuba i-hormone i-aldosterone yinxalenye yochungechunge oluntsonkothileyo lwee-hormone ezilawula uxinzelelo lwegazi lwethu. Cinga ngayo njenge-chain reaction.

Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system . Isebenza ngolu hlobo:

1. Xa umzimba wakho uziva uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi okanye amanqanaba aphantsi esodium egazini lakho, izintso zakho zikhupha i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yi-renin .

2. Le renin iyahamba ize iguqule into ebizwa ngokuba yi-angiotensinogen (eyandulela i-angiotensin) eveliswa sisibindi sakho ibe yi-angiotensin I. (I-Angiotensin yi-hormone ethintela imithambo yegazi yethu.)

3. Okulandelayo, le angiotensin I iba yi-angiotensin II .

4. Okokugqibela, yile angiotensin II enciphisa imithambo yegazi ngakumbi kwaye ivuselele amadlala e-adrenal ukuba akhuphe i-hormone aldosterone .

Khawucinge nje, ukuba ngesizathu esithile inani legazi eliya kwizintso liyehla, izintso zicinga ukuba, 'Owu, uxinzelelo lwam lwegazi luyehla.' Emva koko ziyenza ngempazamo le nkqubo ye-renin-angiotensin-aldosterone. Isiphumo kukuba inqanaba le-aldosterone emzimbeni liyanyuka, nangona kungeyomfuneko ngokwenene.

Izizathu ezinokunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwizintso kwaye zibangele i-hyperaldosteronism yesibiniNazi ezimbalwa:

• Isifo semithambo yezintso esithintelayo - njengombhobho wamanzi ovalekileyo.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi lwezintso
• Iimeko apho ulwelo luqokelelana emzimbeni (i-edema) , umzekelo:
• Ukumelwa yintliziyo
• Isifo sesibindi
• I-Nephrotic syndrome sisifo sezintso.

Uyixilonga njani le nto?

Ugqirha udla ngokuxilonga i-hyperaldosteronism ngokuvavanya igazi . Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi abafumanisi sifo kuba kukho ezinye izizathu ezininzi kunye nezinto ezinokubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.

Ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo zokuba unokuba ne-hyperaldosteronism ziquka:

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olumelana namayeza.
• Nazi iziphumo ezivela kwingxelo yakho yovavanyo lwegazi lwe-electrolyte :
• Inqanaba eliphezulu le-sodium (hypernatremia) .
• Inqanaba le-magnesium eliphantsi kancinci (hypomagnesemia) .
• Kwakhona, amanqanaba aphantsi e-potassium (i-hypokalemia) .

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba unokuba ne-hyperaldosteronism ngokusekelwe kwezi mpawu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba uya kuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi olukhethekileyo olubini: iPlasma Renin Concentration (PRC) okanye iPlasma Renin Activity (PRA) .

• Ukuba une -Primary Hyperaldosteronism , amanqanaba akho e-PRC kunye ne-PRA aya kuba phantsi kunesiqhelo.
• Ukuba une -hyperaldosteronism yesibini , la manqanaba aya kuba phezulu kunesiqhelo.

Ukongeza, unokufuna uvavanyo lokuncitshiswa kwe-aldosterone . Olu vavanyo lubandakanya ukunika umlinganiselo othile we-sodium (ityuwa) ngomlomo okanye ngenaliti ye-saline (IV) kangangexesha elithile. Emva koko, iisampuli zomchamo wakho ziyaqokelelwa kwixesha leeyure ezingama-24 kwaye umlinganiselo we-aldosterone kuloo mchamo ulinganiswa kwilebhu.

Ukuba ezi mvavanyo ziqinisekisa ukuba une-hyperaldosteronism, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela. Umzekelo, i-CT scan (i-computed tomography scan) ukuze kubonwe ukuba ingaba ithumba elingelona umhlaza libangela i-hyperaldosteronism.Usenokucelwa ukuba wenze uvavanyo lomfanekiso .

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Unyango lwe-hyperaldosteronism luxhomekeke kwisizathu, kodwa injongo ephambili kukulawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi .

• Kwi-primary hyperaldosteronism, imeko ebangelwa yi -adrenal gland tumor, oogqirha badla ngokucebisa ukuba kususwe i-tumor ngotyando . Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, ezi tumor zinokunyangwa ngamayeza kuphela. Nokuba emva kotyando, usenokuba noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ngoko ke unokufuna ukuthatha amayeza okulawula.

• I-hyperaldosteronism yesibini inyangwa ngokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi ngamayeza, ngelixa ikwanyanga unobangela oyintloko (umz., isifo sentliziyo) .

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza anokunceda nge-hyperaldosteronism:

• I-Spironolactone (i-Spironolactone - i-Aldactone®)
• I-Eplerenone (Eplerenone - Inspra®)
• I-Amiloride (i-Amiloride - i-Midamor®)

Into enye ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwamayeza okuthintela i-aldosterone, njengeSpironolactone , kunokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kumadoda. Umzekelo, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile kunye ne -gynecomastia zinokwenzeka. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena, ixesha olifaneleyo ukulithatha, kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ngaba oku kungathintelwa?

Enyanisweni, uninzi lwexesha, akukho nto unokuyenza ukuthintela le meko ye-hyperaldosteronism. Kuba ibangelwa lutshintsho kwiinkqubo zangaphakathi zomzimba wethu. Nangona kunjalo, ungayigcina impilo yakho iyonke ngokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo, ukutya ukutya okunesondlo, kunye nokuzilolonga.

Ithini ingqikelelo yale meko?

Ukubikezela kwe-hyperaldosteronism kuxhomekeke kwisizathu.

• I-primary hyperaldosteronism , ukuba ifunyenwe kwangethuba kwaye inyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, idla ngokuba nemiphumo emihle . Ukuba ithumba lisusiwe, imeko idla ngokulawulwa.
• I-Hyperaldosteronism yesibiniIkamva lesi sifo lixhomekeke ekubeni imeko yezonyango esisiseko (umz., isifo sentliziyo, isifo sesibindi) inokulawulwa njani.

Iingxaki eziphambili ezinokubakho ngenxa ye-hyperaldosteronism ziingxaki zentliziyo ezibangelwa luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Ezi ziquka:

• I-Atrial fibrillation - ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga.
• I-hypertrophy ye-ventricular yasekhohlo - ukuqina kweendonga zegumbi lasekhohlo lentliziyo.
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Istroke

Kungoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyixilonga le meko ngokukhawuleza kwaye ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-hyperaldosteronism, kufuneka ubonane nogqirha wakho rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amayeza owanikwe wona asebenza kakuhle . Kukwabalulekile kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho.

Ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha, okanye ubona utshintsho kwiimpawu ezikhoyo , yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ukuba une-high blood pressure enganyangekiyo ngamayeza, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neenkxalabo zakho, ezinje, "Ngaba ndinokuba ne-hyperaldosteronism?" Angakuvavanya imeko yakho aze akucebise naluphi na uvavanyo olufunekayo.

Khumbula, zininzi izizathu zoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. I-Hyperaldosteronism yenye yazo. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba le yimeko enokunyangeka.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngoko ke ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyiqonda ngcono into ebesithetha ngayo, i-Hyperaldosteronism. Nazi ezinye izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• I-Hyperaldosteronism kukuveliswa ngokugqithisileyo kwehomoni i-aldosterone yi-adrenal glands.
• Oku kunokubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu) kunye namanqanaba aphantsi e-potassium egazini (i-hypokalemia) .
• Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili: Eyokuqala ( ingxaki ngamadlala e-adrenal ngokwawo) kunye neyesibini (ukuvuselelwa kwamadlala e-adrenal ngenxa yengxaki kwenye indawo).
• Ukuba une- high blood pressure engalawulwa ngamayeza , kufuneka ukrokreleke oku.
• Oku kufunyaniswa ngovavanyo lwegazi .
• Unyango lubandakanya ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokunyanga unobangela oyintloko .
• Ukuba ifunyenwe kwaye inyangwa kwangethuba, iziphumo ezilungileyo zinokufumaneka .

Ukuba uneminye imibuzo malunga noku, zive ukhululekile ukubuza ugqirha wakho. Hlala usempilweni!

I- Hyperaldosteronism, i-Hyperaldosteronism, i-Aldosterone, Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-Potassium, ii-Adrenal glands, i-Conn's syndrome