Ngaba umntwana wakho omncinci ngamanye amaxesha uqala ukuhleka kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu? Ngaba olo hleko alunakunqandeka, njengokuphazamiseka? Okanye ngaba intombi okanye unyana wakho ubonisa iimpawu zokufikisa ngaphambi kwexesha? Kuqhelekile kuwe, njengomzali, ukuba uzive uloyiko olukhulu kunye nexhala xa ubona ezi zinto. Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko yengqondo engaqhelekanga, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo kubalulekile ukuyazi, enokubangela ezi mpawu.
Yintoni kanye kanye iHypothalamic Hamartoma (HH)?
Ngamafutshane, sisifo esifana nethumba esingengomhlaza esikhula nzulu engqondweni yethu, kwinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypothalamus, enobukhulu obufana ne-almond.
Cinga nge-hypothalamus njengeyona ndawo iphambili yokulawula imizimba yethu. Idlala indima enkulu ekugcineni yonke into ikwimeko efanelekileyo (homeostasis), idibanisa inkqubo yehomoni kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo emzimbeni wethu.
Ezinye zezinto ezilawulwa yi-hypothalamus zezi:
- Ifuthe legazi
- Ubushushu bomzimba
- Iimvakalelo zoxinzelelo, ixhala
- Indlala nonxano
- Ukukhululwa kwamahomoni kwi-pituitary gland
- Imijikelo yokulala nokuvuka
Le thumba ye-HH iqala ukukhula ngelixa umntwana esesesibelekweni . Njengoko ingqondo yomntwana ikhula, le thumba ikhula kancinci kancinci. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ayisasazeki kwezinye iindawo zengqondo okanye kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Rhoqo, kukho ithumba elinye kuphela, kodwa kunqabile ukuba kubekho ezininzi.
Eyona nto ingcono kukuba ngoku kukho unyango olufanelekileyo lokulawula iimpawu ezibangelwa yile meko.
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Ezi mpawu azifani kubo bonke abantwana kwaye zinokuhluka ukusuka komnye umntwana ukuya komnye. Nangona kunjalo, kukho amaqela amathathu aphambili eempawu ezinokubonwa.
1. Ukufikisa Kwangaphambi Kokuba Sele Ukhulile
Le yenye yeempawu eziphambili zesi sifo. Ngamafutshane, umzimba womntwana uqala ukukhula ngokwesondo kwangethuba kakhulu kunobudala obuqhelekileyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"Central Precocious Puberty". Oku kwenzeka kuba ingqondo ithumela imiqondiso yokuvelisa iihomoni zesini kwangethuba kakhulu.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba intombazana ibonisa iimpawu zokufikisa ngaphambi kweminyaka esi-8 ubudala kunye nenkwenkwe ngaphambi kweminyaka esi-9 ubudala, sifanele sixhalabe.
| Iimpawu ezibonwa kumantombazana | Iimpawu ezibonwa kubafana |
|---|---|
| Uphuhliso lwebele | Ukurhawuzela/ukujula kwelizwi |
| Ukukhula kweenwele emakhwapheni nakwiindawo zabucala | Ukukhula kweenwele ebusweni, emakhwapheni, nakwiindawo zabucala |
| Ukuya exesheni (ukuya exesheni) | Ukwandiswa kwamasende kunye nepenis |
| Ukwakheka kwamaqhakuva | Ukwakheka kwamaqhakuva |
2. Ukuxhuzula
Ukuxhuzula nako kuqhelekile kwesi sifo. Kukwakho nohlobo oluthile noluqhelekileyo lokuxhuzula kwesi sifo. Kubizwa ngokuba yiGelastic seizure .
Ukuxhuzula okuthambileyo ngumsebenzi ongaqhelekanga wombane engqondweni obangela ukuhleka okungalawulekiyo ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo. Kufana nokuhleka.
Olu hleko aluyonto ivuyisayo. Lungathatha imizuzwana embalwa kuphela, kodwa lunokwenzeka amaxesha amaninzi ngemini, kwaye kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, amaxesha amaninzi ngeyure. Uninzi lwexesha, olu hlobo lokuxhuzula luqala ngaphambi kokuba umntwana abe nonyaka omnye ubudala . Kodwa luyehla kancinci emva kweminyaka eli-10 ubudala.
Ukongeza, ezinye iintlobo zokuxhuzula nazo zinokubonakala.
- Ukuxhuzula komzimba ngesiquphe (ukuhlaselwa ngamaconsi): Ukulahlekelwa kulawulo lomzimba ngequbuliso, ubuthathaka bemisipha, nokuwa phantsi.
- Ukuxhuzula ngeDacrystal: Ukungalawuleki, ukukhala okuqhubekayo ngaphandle kwesizathu, okufana nokuhleka.
- Ukuxhuzula kweTonic-clonic: Njengoko sonke sisazi, ukuxhuzula okukhulu okubangela ukulahleka kwengqondo kunye nokuxhuzula komzimba.
3. Iimpawu zeNeurological kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha
Ekubeni i-hypothalamus iyinxalenye yengqondo enceda ekulawuleni iimvakalelo zethu nokuziphatha kwethu, i-HH inokuchaphazela indlela umntwana aziphethe ngayo, imo yakhe, kunye nobuchule bakhe bokufunda. Iingxaki ezinokubakho ziquka:
- Ubunzima bokunikela ingqalelo kunye nokusebenza ngokugqithisileyo (Ukunqongophala kwengqalelo/ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza ngokugqithisileyo - i-ADHD)
- Ukuziphatha okubi, okungcolileyo `(Ukuziphatha okungenasiphene)`
- Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo
- Iingxaki zeemvakalelo
- Ingxaki yokuchasana nokuchasana
- Ukuziphatha okuphendulayo
- Iingxaki zenkumbulo yexesha elifutshane
Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-hematomas ze-hypothalamic?
Ewe, le thumba inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo ekuyo kwi-hypothalamus kunye neempawu ezibangelayo.
1. Isilonda esingaphakathi kwe-hypothalamic: Kolu hlobo, ithumba likwindawo engasemva kwe-hypothalamus. Oku kuphazamisa ukusebenza kombane kwengqondo, nto leyo ekhokelela kumngcipheko ophezulu wokuxhuzula kunye neengxaki zokuziphatha .
2. Isilonda se-Parahypothalamic (isilonda esithambileyo): Apha isilonda siphambi kwe-hypothalamus. Olu luphawu oluphambili olubonakala ngenxa yokufikisa kwasekuqaleni .
Abanye abantwana banokuba nazo zombini ezi ntlobo kunye.
Yintoni unobangela wale meko?
Akukho sizathu sicacileyo sale nto okwangoku . Kwaye akukho ndlela yokuyithintela. Uninzi lwexesha, yenzeka ngengozi. Oko kuthetha ukuba ayiqhelekanga ukuba yeyofuzo. Amathuba okuba umntwana wakho abe nayo mancinci kakhulu kuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onayo.
Kodwa uphando lwakutshanje lufumanise ukuba kukho utshintsho oluthile kwi-gene ebizwa ngokuba yi-'GLI3' ngaphakathi kwizicubu zezi tumors. Uphando lusaqhubeka ngale nto.
Kukwafunyaniswe ukuba imeko yemfuza ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Pallister-Hall syndrome (PHS)" isenokuba nonxibelelwano oluthile ne-HH.
Indlela yokuxilonga esi sifo ngokuchanekileyo?
Ugqirha wakho usenokuyalela ukuba uhlolwe ingqondo yakho nge -MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) ukuqinisekisa ukuba uxilongiwe. I-MRI inokuvelisa imifanekiso ecacileyo neneenkcukacha zobuchopho.
Abantwana abancinci banokufuna ukunikwa i-ladder ekhaphukhaphu ukuze bangashukumi ngexesha le-MRI, njengoko ukushukuma kunokubangela ukuba imifanekiso ekwi-scan ingacaci.
Ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo sokuxhuzula, kuyacetyiswa ukuba enze uvavanyo lwe-EEG (Electroencephalogram) . Olu vavanyo luvavanya ukusebenza kombane kwengqondo.
Ukongeza, uvavanyo lwemithambo-luvo lunokwenziwa ukulinganisa indlela umntwana acinga ngayo, afunda ngayo, kunye nobuchule bakhe bokukhumbula, kwaye uvavanyo lwegazi lunokwenziwa ukujonga amanqanaba eehomoni. Ulwazi oluvela kwezi mvavanyo lunokuba luncedo kakhulu ekucwangciseni unyango.
Iphathwa njani?
Kukho iinjongo ezimbini eziphambili zokunyanga i-HH. Enye kukulawula ukufikisa ngaphambi kwexesha, enye kukulawula ukuxhuzula.
- Kwabasafikisa: Kusetyenziswa amayeza oku. Ii-agonists ze-Gonadotropin-releasing hormone zinikwa njengenaliti yenyanga. Oku kulawula ukukhululwa kwee-hormone kwaye kulawula iimpawu zokufikisa. Xa umntwana efikelela kwiminyaka apho kufuneka ukuba afikise khona, ugqirha uya kuyeka ukusebenzisa amayeza.
- Ngokuphathelele ukuxhuzula: 'Ukuxhuzula okuthambileyo' esithethe ngako ngaphambili akusabelanga kakuhle kumayeza aqhelekileyo okulwa nokuxhuzula. Ngenxa yoko , kufuneka utyando okanye ezinye iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo .
Nazi ezinye zeendlela eziphambili ezisetyenziswayo ukususa okanye ukutshabalalisa i-hematoma ukulawula ukuxhuzula.
| Indlela yonyango | Icacisiwe ngokulula |
|---|---|
| Utyando lweGamma Knife | Olu asilotyando ngokwenene. Ulusu alunqunyulwanga. Umsebe wamandla onamandla (imitha) ujoliswa kuphela kwindawo apho kukho ithumba lobuchopho kwaye uyalitshabalalisa. |
| Utyando lokususa izicubu (utyando lokususa izicubu) | Ugqirha ususa ithumba ngokuvula ukhakhayi (craniotomy), okanye ngokwenza umngxuma omncinci kukhakhayi, aze afake isixhobo esifana ne-endoscope. |
| Ukususwa kwe-laser ye-stereotactic | Le yindlela engayi kuhlasela kakhulu. Umqadi welaser uthunyelwa ngentambo ye-fiber optic ukuze utshabalalise ithumba. |
| Ukushisa kwe-Stereotactic | Le ndlela isebenzisa ubushushu ukutshabalalisa ithumba. Izixhobo ezincinci zifakwa ngentloko kwaye zifudunyezwe ngamaza erediyo ukutshabalalisa izicubu zethumba. |
Ukongeza, inkxaso ekhethekileyo yemfundo, unyango lokuziphatha, kunye namayeza anokubonelelwa esikolweni ukujongana neengxaki zokuziphatha zomntwana kunye nokufunda.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Njengomama okanye utata, umazi kakuhle umntwana wakho. Ngoko ke, ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho okanye iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga kumntwana wakho, musa ukuzityeshela . Ukuba umntwana wakho unezinye zezi mpawu zilandelayo, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuxhuzula: Ingakumbi ukuhleka ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Iimpawu zokufikisa kwangethuba: Njengoko besikhe sathetha ngazo ngaphambili, izinto ezinje ngokukhula kweenwele kunye nelizwi ziyatshintsha.
- Iingxaki zokufunda: ukungakwazi ukugxila, utshintsho kwimemori.
- Utshintsho kwindlela oziphatha ngayo: Ukuba nomsindo ngezinto ezincinci, ukuba ndlongondlongo.
- Ukungalingani kwamahomoni: ukoma kakhulu, utshintsho kwindlala, ukuguquka kweemvakalelo ngequbuliso.
Usenokuziva usoyika kakhulu xa ufumanisa ukuba umntwana wakho une-HH. Kodwa khumbula, ngoku kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu koku. Thetha nogqirha wakho uze ukhethe unyango olulungele umntwana wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Hypothalamic Hamartoma (HH) sisimila esingaqhelekanga, esingengomhlaza esikhula engqondweni xa umntu ezalwa.
- Iimpawu ezimbini eziphambili zoku kukuxhuzula okuthambileyo kunye nokufikisa ngaphambi kwexesha.
- Uvavanyo oluphambili olusetyenziselwa ukuxilongwa yi-MRI scan yobuchopho.
- Ukufikisa ngaphambi kwexesha kunokulawulwa ngempumelelo ngamayeza, utyando lwesifo sokuwa, okanye ezinye iindlela ezikhethekileyo.
- Ukuba unesikrokro sokuba umntwana wakho unale mpawu, nceda udibane nogqirha wabantwana okanye ingcali yezifo zengqondo ngokukhawuleza.
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