Ngaba wakha waziva ushukuma ngequbuliso ujikeleze amehlo okanye izidlele zakho ngelixa uhleka okanye uthetha nomntu, okanye xa uziva udiniwe kancinci? Oku kushukuma okungalawulekiyo kwemisipha kwelinye icala lobuso bakho kunokuba yinto ecaphukisayo nehlazisayo. Nangona abantu abaninzi becinga ukuba oku kuqhelekile, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yingxamiseko yezonyango. Namhlanje sithetha ngenye yeemeko ezinjalo, i-Hemifacial Spasm (HFS).
Yintoni kanye kanye iHemifacial Spasm?
Ngamafutshane, iHemifacial Spasm (HFS) yimeko yemithambo-luvo ebangela ukushukuma kwemisipha kwicala lobuso bakho ngokungazikhetheliyo. Olu luphawu oluhlala lusiba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ukuba ujonga intsingiselo yegama, elithi “Hemi” lithetha “isiqingatha.” Igama elithi “Facial” lithetha “okuphathelele ubuso.” Igama elithi “Spasm” lithetha “ukuqaqamba kwemisipha.” Ngoko ke igama elithi “Hemifacial Spasm” lithetha “ukuqaqamba kwemisipha kwisiqingatha sobuso.”
Le meko idla ngokuqala xa umntu emdala, phakathi kweminyaka engama-40 nama-60. Oogqirha bayibiza ngokuba yingxaki yokunyakaza okujikeleze umzimba. Oko kukuthi, ingxaki kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo ejikeleze umzimba, eyinxalenye yenkqubo yemithambo-luvo engaphandle kwengqondo yethu kunye nomqolo.
I-Hemifacial Spasm yimeko engaqhelekanga, kwaye abafazi banamathuba aphindwe kabini okuba nale meko kunamadoda.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo eziphambili zale meko?
Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zale nto, kuxhomekeke kwindlela iimpawu ezikhula ngayo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukuze ukuqonde kakuhle oku, jonga itheyibhile engasezantsi.
| Uhlobo lwe-Hemifacial Spasm | Indlela ezibonakala ngayo iimpawu |
|---|---|
| I-Primary Hemifacial Spasm | Kolu hlobo, izihlunu ezijikeleze amehlo ziqala ukuxhuzula kuqala. Kungathatha iinyanga okanye iminyaka ukuba ukuxhuzula kusasazeke kwimisipha ekwinxalenye esezantsi yobuso. |
| I-Spasm yesibini ye-Hemifacial | Kule meko, ukuxhuzula kwemisipha kwiindawo eziphezulu nezisezantsi zobuso kuqala ngexesha elinye. Nangona oku kuxhuzula kunokufika kudlule ekuqaleni, kuya kuqala ukwenzeka rhoqo ngokuhamba kwexesha. |
Zithini iimpawu zokurhawuzelelwa bubuso?
Uphawu oluphambili lwale meko kukushukuma kwemisipha kwicala elinye lobuso. Oku kwenzeka ngokungazikhetheli (asikwazi ukukulawula). Oku kushukuma kuqheleke kakhulu kwicala lasekhohlo kunecala lasekunene. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, oku kushukuma kunokwenzeka kumacala omabini obuso.
Uphawu lokuqala ludla ngokuqala ngokuxhuzula kwamehlo. Oku kuyafika kudlule. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, iimpawu zinokuqhubeka ziye kuthi:
- Ukuqhwanyaza okunganyanzelekanga: Kufana nokuqhwanyaza, kodwa asinakukulawula.
- Ukuphakamisa amashiya: Amashiya aphakama ngokuzenzekelayo ngenxa yestroke.
- Ukudumba kobuso obusezantsi: Oku kunokubangela ukuba umlomo utsalwe ecaleni.
- Ukuchaphazela zonke izihlunu kwicala elinye lobuso: Kwezinye iimeko, oku kushukuma kunokuhlala kuqhubeka kwaye kungaphumli.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba oku kuqina kwemisipha akudli ngokuba buhlungu. Nangona kunjalo, xa usesidlangalaleni, kunokukwenza uzive ungakhululekanga kwaye uneentloni.
Ezi mpawu zinokwandiswa zizinto ezifana noxinzelelo, ukudinwa, ukutya, kunye nokuxhalaba. Okumangalisayo kukuba, ezi ntlaselo zinokwenzeka ngelixa ulele. Oku kunokubangela ukuba abanye abantu bangakwazi ukulala.
Ezinye iimpawu
Abanye abantu banokufumana ezinye izinto ukongeza kwezi mpawu ziphambili.
- Ukuva isandi "sokuklikha" ngaphakathi endlebeni.
- Intlungu yendlebe.
- Ukuphazamiseka kokuva (ingakumbi kwi-HFS yesibini).
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu?
Eyona nto ibangela ukuxinana kwe-hemifacial yingcinezelo ende kwenye yemithambo-luvo yethu yobuso (umthambo wesixhenxe we-cranial). Nangona kunjalo, kunokubakho ezinye izizathu ezininzi ezibangela olu xinzelelo.
Kukho imithambo-luvo emibini ephambili kwicala ngalinye lobuso bethu. Le mithambo-luvo iqala kwisiseko sethu sengqondo ize ivele kwelinye icala lobuso. Ilawula izinto ezifana nemisipha elawula ukubonakala kobuso, amathe emlonyeni, iinyembezi emehlweni, kunye neencasa ezingaphambili kwisithathu sesibini solwimi.
Izizathu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-HFS.
Izizathu ze-Primary Hemifacial Spasm
Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo. Okwenzekayo apha kukuvaleka komthambo wegazi ngendlela engaqhelekanga.(umthambo wegazi) uyeza aze acinezele umthambo wobuso esikhankanyileyo. Ngenxa yolu xinzelelo, isigqubuthelo sokukhusela (i-myelin sheath) yomthambo siyaphela kancinci kancinci. Emva koko imiqondiso yemithambo-luvo ayihambi kakuhle, ayisebenzi kakuhle kwaye izihlunu ziqala ukushukuma.
Izizathu zeSpasm yeSibini yeHemifacial
Oku kwenzeka xa umthambo wobuso uchatshazelwa yenye imeko okanye ingxaki engaphantsi. Ezinye zezizathu ziquka:
- Ingozi okanye ukwenzakala kufutshane nomthambo wobuso.
- Imeko kaBell yokudumba.
- Ukonakala kwisiseko sobuchopho, umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne-multiple sclerosis okanye i-stroke.
- Iingxaki zemithambo yegazi engqondweni, ezifana ne-brain aneurysms kunye ne-non-cancer blood vessel tumors (angiomas).
- Iingxaki zendlebe. Iimeko ezifana nosulelo lwendlebe ephakathi (i-otitis media), i-mastoiditis.
- Iithumba ezenzeka kwiindlala zamathe (iindlala ze-parotid).
- Iingxaki zesakhiwo ezenzeka ngasemva nasezantsi kwentloko.
Ugqirha uyifumana njani le nto?
Ukuba unale mpawu, xa ubona ugqirha, uya kuqala akuhlole ngokwasemzimbeni aze akuhlole ngemithambo-luvo.
Emva koko, i-MRI scan idla ngokucetyiswa ukuze kuthintelwe ezinye izizathu zeempawu zakho kunye nokufumana unobangela ochanekileyo we-HFS yakho. Kwi-HFS yokuqala, i-MRI scan idla ngokubona umthambo wegazi ongaqhelekanga ocinezela imithambo-luvo.
Ngamanye amaxesha ezi ntlungu zemisipha zinokufana nezinye iintlobo zentlungu zobuso (umz. i-blepharospasm) okanye i-seizures. Ke ngoko, ukuba ugqirha wakho akakwazi ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo uhlobo lwe-spasm, unokucebisa uvavanyo lwe-electromyography (EMG) .
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Injongo ephambili yonyango kukunciphisa ukuphindaphindeka kunye nobukhali bokuhlanjwa kobuso. Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nobunzima bemeko. Makhe sijonge iindlela eziphambili zonyango.
| Indlela yonyango | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iinaliti zeBotulinum toxin (Botox®) | Olu lolona nyango lokuqala olusetyenziswa kakhulu. Lubandakanya ukujova ukuze buthathaka okwethutyana izihlunu ezibangela ukuqaqamba. Luhlala iinyanga ezi-3-4, emva koko kufuneka luphindwe. |
| Amayeza omlomo (iipilisi) | Ezi zinikwa abantu abangafuni kufakwa inaliti yeBotox okanye abangakwaziyo utyando. Ezi ziquka amayeza afana nemithi yokuthomalalisa ukuxhuzula kunye nemithi yokukhulula imisipha. |
| Utyando | Le yeyona ndlela isisigxina yokusombulula i-HFS. Inkqubo yotyando ebizwa ngokuba yiMicrovascular Decompression isusa umthambo wegazi ocinezela umthambo kwaye ifake iphedi. Oku kucetyiswa kuphela kwiimeko ezinzima. |
Iinaliti zeBotox (Iinaliti zeBotulinum Toxin)
Iinaliti zeBotox zithathwa njengonyango lokuqala lwe-HFS ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo kakuhle kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziphantsi. Iimpawu zinokuncitshiswa kwiintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu emva kwenaliti. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zihlala malunga neenyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezine. Emva koko, kuya kufuneka uphinde ufumane inaliti ukuze ulawule ukushukuma.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci zinokwenzeka emva kolu tyando:
- Ukucaphuka kwamehlo
- Ukugoba kweenkophe
- Ubuthathaka bobuso bexeshana
Amayeza Omlomo
Ugqirha angakunika amayeza anjengala:
- Amayeza okulwa nesifo sokuwa afana ne-carbamazepine okanye i-gabapentin.
- IiBenzodiazepines ezifana neClonazepam.
- Iziphumzi zemisipha ezifana ne-baclofen.
Nangona la mayeza enokunceda ekunciphiseni ukubetha kwentliziyo, awasebenzi kuye wonke umntu. Kwakhona, ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokozela nokudinwa.
Utyando
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, indlela ekuphela kwayo yokunyanga i-HFS ngokusisigxina kukuhlinzwa. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha bacebisa oku kuphela xa imeko inzima kakhulu kwaye inaliti yeBotox ingasebenzi.
Olona tyando luqhelekileyo lubizwa ngokuba yi -microvascular decompression . Oku kuquka ukukhulula umthambo wegazi ocinezela umthambo kwimithambo-luvo nokubeka i-Teflon pad encinci phakathi kwezi zimbini.
Ukuba olu tyando luphumelele, awusayi kuphinda uhlaselwe yi-HFS. Kodwa njengalo naluphi na utyando, kukho iingozi ezithile.
- Iimpendulo kwi-anesthesia.
- Umonakalo wesikhashana okanye osisigxina kumthambo wobuso.
- Ukuphazamiseka kokuva.
- Ukuvuza kolwelo lomqolo (CSF).
Ingaba le yimeko eyingozi? Ngaba kufuneka ndiyoyike?
Hayi. I-Hemifacial Spasm ngokwayo ayinabungozi kwimpilo yakho yomzimba. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha imeko yezonyango ebangela oku (umz., umhlaza wobuchopho, umonakalo we-brainstem) inokuba yingozi.
Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha kwangoko xa ufumanisa ezi mpawu uze ufumane unobangela ochanekileyo.
Ukongeza, unokufumana iingxaki ezifana nezi:
- Iingxaki zokulala.
- Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo, ezinje ngokuzihlukanisa nabantu, ixhala, kunye nokudakumba.
- Ukuvala amehlo ngokungalawulekiyo ixesha elide. Oku kunokuba yingozi ukuba kwenzeka, njengaxa uqhuba imoto.
I-Hemifacial Spasm yimeko ecaphukisayo nehlazisayo. Ukuziva ungakwazi ukulawula umzimba wakho akulunganga nakubani na. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba kukho unyango olusebenzayo, olufana neenaliti zeBotox, amayeza, kunye notyando. Ukuba ufumana iintlungu zobuso rhoqo kwaye uzive ngathi ziya zisiba mandundu, ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha. Uza kwenza uvavanyo olufunekayo aze akunike isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Hemifacial Spasm (HFS) yimeko yemithambo-luvo ebangela ukuba izihlunu kwelinye icala lobuso bakho zishukume ngokungalawulekiyo.
- Oku kudla ngokubangelwa kukucinezelwa komthambo wegazi kumthambo wobuso, kodwa kunokubakho nezinye izizathu ezinzulu.
- Nangona le ntlungu idla ngokungabangeli ntlungu, inokuchaphazela ubomi bemihla ngemihla kunye nempilo yengqondo.
- Kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu koku, olufana nokufakwa kweBotox, amayeza, kunye notyando.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezinje, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungoyiki, kodwa ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuze ufumane ukuxilongwa okufanelekileyo kunye nonyango.
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