Ngaba unengxaki yokuvuka esitulweni, ukunyuka izinyuko, okanye ukuhamba umgama omfutshane ngenxa yentlungu yedolo? Ngaba uziva uqinile kwaye awukwazi ukugoba okanye ukolula amadolo akho xa uvuka kusasa? Ngaba le ntlungu iyanda imihla ngemihla, ayinciphi? Uninzi lwexesha, iingxaki ezinje zenzeka xa i-cartilage edolweni iphela. Ukuba uzame unyango olwahlukeneyo loku, kodwa intlungu iya isiba mandundu, ugqirha wakho usenokuba ukuxelele ngotyando lokutshintshwa kwedolo. Ukuva eli gama kusenokuba kukoyikisile. Kodwa ungoyiki. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngayo yonke into ngale nto, ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni le ngcibi yokutshintshwa kwedolo?
Ngamafutshane, utyando lokutshintsha idolo lubandakanya ukususa iindawo ezigugileyo, ezonakeleyo zedolo lakho uze uzifake ijoyinti yokwenziwa (i-prosthesis) eyenziwe ngentsimbi neplastiki. Kufana nokususa itayara emotweni endala uze ufake entsha. Ngokwezonyango, olu tyando silubiza ngokuba yi-'Arthroplasty'. Oku kwenziwa yi-Orthopedic Surgeon, ingcali yamathambo namalungu.
Ngubani ofuna utyando lokutshintshwa kwedolo?
Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha uya kuqala anike amayeza okudambisa iintlungu kunye ne-physiotherapy kwiintlungu zedolo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba akukho nanye kwezi ndlela zonyango ezinciphisa iintlungu zakho, ukuqina, kunye nokudumba, kwaye ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu kangangokuba awukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando.
Eyona sizathu sokuba abantu abaninzi bafune olu tyando yi- knee arthritis . Oku kwenzeka xa i-cartilage ethambileyo phakathi kwamalungu iphela kwaye amathambo egudlana. Le meko idla ngokuvela ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Ukongeza, ukuba idolo lonakele kakhulu kwingozi kwaye libe ne-post-traumatic arthritis, nomntu oselula unokufuna olu tyando.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zotyando?
Ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani bomonakalo wedolo lakho, ugqirha wakho uya kukhetha uhlobo lotyando olulungele wena. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukutshintshwa kweDolo lilonke (TKR) | Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Apha, zonke iindawo ezintathu ezonakeleyo zedolo lakho (icala langaphakathi, icala langaphandle, kunye nenxalenye engaphantsi kwentloko yedolo) ziyasuswa kwaye kufakelwa ilungu elenziweyo ngokupheleleyo. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yiTotal Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). |
| Ukutshintshwa kweDolo eliNgaphelelanga (PKR) | Njengoko igama lisitsho, olu hlobo lotyando aluthathi indawo yedolo lonke. Ukuba yinxalenye enye okanye ezimbini kuphela zelungu ezonakeleyo, kususwa ezo nxalenye kuphela kuze kufakwe iindawo zokwenziwa. Olu hlobo lotyando ludla ngokwenziwa kubantu abancinci abenzakele amadolo abo kwingozi. |
Uzilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Ekubeni olu lutyando olukhulu, uza kunikwa uvavanyo oluninzi kwangaphambili ukuze kubonwe ukuba umzimba wakho ukulungele na. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela konke oku.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (amayeza ezinye izifo, iivithamini, amayeza esintu) kunye nayo nayiphi na i-allergies onokuba nayo , ngaphandle kokufihla nantoni na .
Nazi ezinye zeemvavanyo ezihlala zifuneka:
- Ukuhlolwa kwamazinyo: Usenokuzibuza ukuba kutheni oku kwenziwa. Cinga ngako, iintsholongwane ezisuka emlonyeni wakho zingangena egazini lakho emva kotyando zize zibangele usulelo edolweni lakho elitsha. Oku kwenzelwa ukunciphisa loo mngcipheko.
- Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba: Jonga ukuba umzimba wakho ukwimeko efanelekileyo na yotyando.
- Uvavanyo lwe-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Lujonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo yakho.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga izinto ezifana neswekile yegazi kunye nokusebenza kwezintso.
- Uvavanyo lokufota: I-X-ray yedolo ngokuqinisekileyo iya kwenziwa. Ungacelwa ukuba wenze i-MRI okanye i-CT scan.
Kwakhona, ngosuku olungaphambi kotyando, kungcono ungatyi okanye ungaseli nantoni na ukususela ngexesha ugqirha akuxelele ngalo. Ngokwesiqhelo, ucelwa ukuba uzile ukutya iiyure ezili-12 ngaphambi kotyando.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Nangona kukho umahluko omncinci ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni wenza utyando lwe-TKR okanye lwe-PKR, la ngamanyathelo aqhelekileyo abandakanyekayo:
1. I-Anesthesia: Okokuqala, ingcali ye-anesthesia iza kukunika amayeza okukwenza ungabi nazimvakalelo. Usenokulaliswa ngokupheleleyo (i-General Anesthesia) , okanye unokuba ne-numbness kuphela ukusuka esinqeni ukuya ezantsi (i-Regional Anesthesia).Awuva ntlungu.
2. Ukususa iindawo ezonakeleyo: Okulandelayo, ugqirha otyandayo uvula idolo aze asuse ngononophelo i-cartilage egugileyo kunye neziqwenga zamathambo.
3. Ukufakelwa kwelungu lokufakelwa: Endaweni yelungu elisusiweyo, kufakwa iindawo zesinyithi ezenziweyo (ii-implants) ezenzelwe ukulingana ngokuchanekileyo nelungu lakho.
4. I-Plastic spacer: Emva koko, kufakwa i-plastic spacer ekhethekileyo phakathi kwamacandelo amabini esinyithi, esebenza njenge-cartilage yethu. Oku kuvumela ilungu elitsha ukuba lihambe kakuhle kwaye lingabi buhlungu.
5. Ukulungiswa kweKneecap: Ukuba kuyimfuneko, iKneecap yakho (ipatella) iya kutshintshwa ukuze ilingane nelungu elitsha.
Olu tyando luphela ludla ngokuthatha malunga neyure okanye ezimbini .
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zalo tyando?
Njengalo naluphi na utyando, olu luneengenelo kunye neengozi ezincinci kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela loo nto.
| Iinzuzo | Iingozi - (Oku kwenzeka rhoqo) |
|---|---|
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Ungakhathazeki, ezi ngozi azifumaneki lula, kwaye iqela lakho lezonyango liza kwenza konke okusemandleni alo ukuzithintela.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando? Lingakanani ixesha lokuchacha?
Emva kotyando, uza kusiwa kwigumbi lokuchacha. Iqela lezonyango liza kujonga izinga lentliziyo yakho kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi ude uphile ngokupheleleyo kwi-anesthesia. Abanye abantu banokuya ekhaya ngaloo mini inye, kodwa uninzi lwabantu kuya kufuneka bahlale esibhedlele usuku okanye ezimbini.
Kungathatha iinyanga eziliqela ukuya kunyaka ukuze uphile ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka ukwazi ukwenza uninzi lwemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla malunga neeveki ezintandathu . Eli xesha lixhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho, indlela obusebenza ngayo ngaphambi kotyando, kunye nezinye iimeko zempilo.
Izinto ekufuneka zilandelwe ngexesha lokuchacha
Eli xesha linzima kancinci, kodwa umdla wakho kunye nokuzinikela kwakho kuya kukhawulezisa ukuchacha kwakho.
- Ukuzilolonga: Kufuneka wenze izivivinyo njengoko uyalelwe ngugqirha wakho kunye nengcali ye-physiotherapist. Kufuneka uqale ukwenza ezi zivivinyo kwasekuqaleni.
- Phakamisa amadolo akho: Nanini na xa kunokwenzeka, gcina amadolo akho ephakanyisiwe ngaphezu kwentliziyo yakho ngokuwabeka kwimiqamelo. Oku kuya kunciphisa ukudumba.
- Umkhenkce: Faka ipakethe yomkhenkce enxebeni malunga nemizuzu engama-20 izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini. Oku kuya kunciphisa kakhulu iintlungu nokudumba.
- Ukugcina inxeba licocekile: Gcina inxeba licocekile kwaye lomile. Tshintsha ibhandeji kuphela njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele. Buza nokuba ungahlamba nini.
- Unyango lweFiziyoloji: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu . Ngoncedo lwengcali yeFiziyoloji, kufuneka ufunde ukugoba idolo lakho kakuhle nokuhamba. Oku kuya kuthatha iinyanga ezininzi.
Ukulungisa imeko-bume yasekhaya
Ngaphambi kokuba ugoduke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza imeko-bume yekhaya lakho ibe ntle kuwe.
- Faka ii-bars zokubamba kwindlu yangasese nakwigumbi lokuhlambela ukuze ukwazi ukuzibamba uze uvuke.
- Susa nantoni na enokutyibilika ize iwe, njengeekhaphethi kunye neengcingo ezishiywe zilele phantsi.
- Jonga ukuba izikhonkwane ezikwizitebhisi ziqinile na.
Ixesha lokubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele.
| Iimpawu zesilumkiso ekufuneka uziqaphele | |
|---|---|
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Utyando lokutshintshwa kwedolo sisigqibo esikhulu. Kuqhelekile ukuba nemibuzo kunye neenkxalabo ngalo mba. Xoxa ngazo naziphi na iinkxalabo okanye uloyiko onalo nogqirha wakho. Ixesha lokuchacha linokuba nzima kancinci, kodwa imivuzo ifanelekile. Akukho nto ingcono kunokukwazi ukonwabela umsebenzi wakho kwakhona emva kweminyaka emininzi yentlungu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lokutshintsha idolo lunyango olusebenzayo nolukhuselekileyo kwiintlungu eziqatha zedolo.
- Kuthatha ixesha ukuchacha ngokupheleleyo emva kotyando, kwaye ukuzinikela kwakho kunye nomdla wakho kubalulekile.
- Unyango lwe-physiotherapy luyinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yokuchacha kwaye akufuneki luphoswe.
- Landela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo, ingakumbi malunga nokusela amayeza kunye nokunyamekela inxeba.
- Ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu ezilumkisayo (umkhuhlane, iintlungu eziqatha, usulelo lwenxeba), funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
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