Masifunde ngqo nge-leukemia. Yintoni kanye kanye, kwaye ingaba yinto yokoyika?

Usenokuba woyika kancinci xa usiva igama elithi " leukemia ." Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo, kuba sihlala soyika xa sisiva amagama anje. Kodwa xa ufunda ngqo ukuba yintoni, kutheni isenzeka, zithini iimpawu, kwaye nokuba kukho unyango, olo loyiko luyancitshiswa kakhulu. Ke namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale meko yomhlaza wegazi ebizwa ngokuba yi-leukemia ngendlela elula kakhulu onokuyiqonda. Njengokuba umhlobo okanye ilungu losapho lingakuxelela ngayo.

Yintoni iLeukemia?

Ngamafutshane, i-leukemia ngumhlaza oqala egazini . Umongo wethambo yindawo ephambili apho igazi lenziwa khona emzimbeni wethu. Ufana nomzi-mveliso. Ngaphakathi kulo mongo wethambo, iiseli zegazi, ingakumbi iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe ezingavuthwanga, ziqala ukukhula ngokukhawuleza nangokungaqhelekanga. Igama elithi "leukemia" livela kumagama esiGrike athi "leukos" (mhlophe) kunye nelithi "haima" (igazi).

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza , i-leukemia ayidli ngokuba yithumba elinokubonwa kwi -X-ray okanye kwi-CT scan .

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-leukemia. Ezinye iintlobo zixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abancinci, ngelixa ezinye zixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala. Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya uhlobo lwe-leukemia, ubudala bakho, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.

Ikhula njani i-leukemia?

I-leukemia iqala kumongo wethambo , inxalenye ethambileyo nethambileyo yamathambo ethu. Kulapho iiseli zegazi ezifunekayo emizimbeni yethu zenziwa khona. Ezi seli zegazi azenzi nje ngaxeshanye, zidlula kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo ngaphambi kokuba zikhule ngokupheleleyo. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zeeseli zegazi eziphilileyo nezivuthiweyo:

• Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi : Ezi zezona zithwala ioksijini nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo emizimbeni yethu.
• Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi : Umsebenzi wazo kukulwa nosulelo.
• Iiplatelets : Ezi zinceda ekuqhekekeni kwegazi.

Zonke ezi seli zegazi ziqala kwiiseli ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba ziiseli ze-hematopoietic stem. Ezi seli ze-stem zahlulwe zibe ziintlobo ezimbini: iiseli ze-myeloid kunye neeseli ze-lymphoid. Ukuba ezi zikhula ngokwesiqhelo, iiseli ezivuthiweyo ezizakhayo zezi:

• Iiseli zeMyeloid (`(iiseli zeMyeloid)`)Zivelisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiplatelets, kunye nezinye iintlobo zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (ii-basophils, ii-eosinophils , kunye nee-neutrophils).
• Iiseli ze-lymphoid zivelisa ezinye iintlobo zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (ii-lymphocytes) kunye neeseli zokubulala zendalo.

Kodwa, kumntu one-leukemia, enye yezi seli zegazi ezikhulayo iqala ukwahlukana ngokukhawuleza nangokungalawulekiyo . Sibiza ezi seli ezingaqhelekanga ngokuthi "ziiseli ze-leukemia." Ezi seli ze-leukemia zithatha indawo kumongo wethambo, ziminyanisa indawo yeeseli ezibomvu eziphilileyo, iiseli ezimhlophe, kunye neeplatelets.

I-leukemia ichaphazela njani umzimba wakho?

Khawucinge ngento eyenzekayo xa kukho iiseli ezininzi ze-leukemia kunye neeseli ezimbalwa eziphilileyo. Oku kuphakamisa imibuzo eliqela:

• Iiseli ze-leukemia azenzi nto ukugcina umzimba wakho usempilweni.
• Ngenxa yokuba iiseli ze-leukemia zizalisa umongo wethambo, iiseli zegazi ezisempilweni azinandawo yokukhula nokukhula ngokufanelekileyo .
• Ngenxa yoko, umzimba awuvelisi iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezaneleyo, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezisempilweni, kunye neeplatelets ukuze zikwazi ukuqokelelana egazini.
• Ngenxa yoko, amalungu akho omzimba kunye nezicubu azifumani ioksijini eyaneleyo. Umzimba wakho awukwazi ukulwa nezifo okanye ukujiya kwegazi ukuba wopha.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-leukemia?

Kukho iintlobo ezine eziphambili ze-leukemia kunye nezinye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Oogqirha bahlula i-leukemia ngokusekwe kwindlela esisasazeka ngayo isifo ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuba iiseli ze-leukemia zivela kwiiseli ze-myeloid okanye ze-lymphoid.

Ngokwesantya sokuqhubeka kwesifo

• I-Acute leukemia : Kolu hlobo lwe-leukemia, iiseli ziyahlukana ngokukhawuleza, kwaye isifo siqhubeka ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba une-acute leukemia, uya kuqala ukuziva ugula kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini, ngoko ke unyango kufuneka luqalwe ngoko nangoko . I-acute leukemia lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza kubantwana abancinci.
• I-leukemia engapheliyo : Kolu hlobo, iiseli ze-leukemia ngamanye amaxesha ziziphatha njengeeseli ezingavuthwanga kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zithanda iiseli ezivuthiweyo. Ezinye iiseli zikhula ukuya kwinqanaba elithile kwaye zenze umsebenzi wazo ukuya kwinqanaba elithile - kodwa kungekhona kakuhle njengeeseli eziphilileyo. Esi sifo siqhubeka kancinci ngakumbi kunakwi-leukemia ebukhali. Ukuba une-leukemia engapheliyo, usenokungabi nazimpawu zibalulekileyo kangangeminyaka. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala kunasebantwaneni.

Ngokohlobo lweseli

• I-leukemia ye-Myelogenous okanye i-Myeloid : Oku kuvela kwiiseli ze-myeloid. Iiseli ze-myeloid eziqhelekileyo zivelisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelets.
• I-lymphocytic leukemia: Oku kuveliswa ziiseli ze-lymphoid. Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi eziveliswa ziiseli ze-lymphoid eziqhelekileyo ziyinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela.

Iintlobo ezine eziphambili ze-leukemia

Ukudibanisa ezi ntlobo zimbini zohlulo, kuye kwachongwa iintlobo ezine eziphambili ze-leukemia:

1. I-Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (YONKE) : Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-leukemia olubonwa ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala abancinci (ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka engama-39 ubudala). Nangona kunjalo, inokwenzeka nakubantu abadala bayo nayiphi na iminyaka.

2. I-Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) : Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-acute leukemia kubantu abadala. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala. Inokwenzeka nakubantwana abancinci.

3. I-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) : Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-leukemia engapheliyo phakathi kwabantu abadala (ingakumbi abo baneminyaka engaphezu kwama-65 ubudala). Kwi-CLL, iimpawu zingathatha iminyaka eliqela ukuba zibonakale.

4. I-Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) : Oku kuxhaphake kakhulu nakubantu abadala (ingakumbi abo bangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65), kodwa kunokuchaphazela abantu abadala bayo nayiphi na iminyaka. Akuqhelekanga kakhulu kubantwana abancinci. Kwi-CML, iimpawu zingathatha iminyaka eliqela ukuba zibonakale.

Ixhaphake kangakanani i-leukemia?

Ngokwezibalo kwamanye amazwe kwihlabathi liphela, i-leukemia ithathwa njengomhlaza weshumi oxhaphakileyo. Nangona inokukhula nakubani na, amanye amaqela afunyenwe esengozini enkulu kancinci:

• Abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-65 ukuya kwengama-74 ubudala.
• Amadoda.
• Phakathi kwamanye amaqela eentlanga (umz. amaCaucasian/abamhlophe - le yidatha yangaphandle).

Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba i-leukemia sisifo esichaphazela abantwana abancinci kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintlobo ze-leukemia zixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala. Nangona i-leukemia ingaqhelekanga ebantwaneni, lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala abancinci.

Zithini iimpawu ze-leukemia?

Iimpawu zixhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-leukemia. Umzekelo, ukuba une-leukemia engapheliyo, usenokungabi nazo naziphi na iimpawu ezinkulu kwizigaba zokuqala.

Nazi ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo ze-leukemia:

• Ukudinwa ngequbuliso , ukudinwa msinya.
• Ukuba nomkhuhlane okanye ukubila ebusuku .
• Usulelo oluqhelekileyo.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla .
• Ulusu oluphaphathekileyo .
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Intlungu okanye ukuqaqamba kwamathambo/amalungu .
• Intlungu okanye ukuziva ugcwele phantsi kweembambo kwicala lasekhohlo.
• Ii-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo entanyeni, emakhwapheni, emqolo, okanye esiswini, i-spleen okanye isibindi esikhulu.
• Ukudumba okulula nokopha igaziUkopha empumlweni, iintsini eziphuma igazi, irhashalala ebonakala ngathi ngamabala amancinci abomvu eluswini (i-petechiae) okanye amabala amfusa/amnyama eluswini.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, akuthethi ukuba unesifo segazi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unezi mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.

Zithini izizathu ze-leukemia?

I-leukemia iqala ngotshintsho (ukuguqulwa) kwi-DNA yeseli enye kumongo wakho wethambo. I-DNA ifana "neseti yemiyalelo." Le DNA ixelela iseli ukuba ikhule nini, ibunjwe njani, kwaye ife nini.

Ngenxa yolu tshintsho, iiseli ze-leukemia ziqala ukwahlukana ngokuqhubekayo. Yonke iseli ephuma kwiseli yokuqala eguquliweyo inale DNA iguquliweyo.

Izazinzulu azikayazi kakuhle ukuba kutheni ezi seli zitshintshatshintsha, kodwa zichonge ezinye zeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokutshintshatshintsha ezibonwa kubantu abaneentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-leukemia.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana i-leukemia?

Nabani na unokuba ne-leukemia. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lufumanise ukuba izinto ezithile zinokwandisa umngcipheko. Ezinye zezi zinto ziquka:

• Ukuba sele ufumene unyango lomhlaza ngaphambili : Ukuba ukhe wafumana unyango lomhlaza olufana nonyango lwe-radiation okanye i-chemotherapy, usenokuba namathuba amaninzi okufumana iintlobo ezithile ze-leukemia.
• Ukutshaya : Ukuba utshaya okanye ubhenceka kumsi osetyenziswa ngabanye abantu, usengozini enkulu yokuba ne-acute myelogenous leukemia (AML).
• Ukuchatshazelwa ziikhemikhali zoshishino : I-Benzene kunye ne-formaldehyde ziikhemikhali ezibangela umhlaza. Zifumaneka kwizixhobo zokwakha nakwiikhemikhali zasekhaya (iiplastiki, irabha, iidayi, izibulali-zinambuzane, amayeza, iisepha, iisepha, iishampu, izicoci).
• Iimeko ezithile zemfuza : Iimeko zemfuza ezifana ne-neurofibromatosis, i-Klinefelter syndrome, i-Schwachman-Diamond syndrome, kunye ne-Down syndrome zinokunyusa umngcipheko.
• Imbali yentsapho ye-leukemia : Uphando lubonisa ukuba ezinye iintlobo ze-leukemia zinokuvela kwiintsapho. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho une-leukemia akuthethi ukuba wena okanye omnye umntu kusapho lwakho uza kuba ne-leukemia. Xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho unesifo semfuza. Banokucebisa uvavanyo lwemfuza ukuze bahlole umngcipheko wakho.

Ifunyanwa njani i-leukemia?

Iziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo zinokunika ugqirha wakho ingcaciso yokuba usenokuba une-leukemia ebukhali okanye engapheliyo, kwaye kufuneka uvavanyo olongezelelweyo. Okanye, ukuba uneempawu ze-leukemia, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa uthotho lweemvavanyo.

Uvavanyo lokuxilonga lungabandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba : Ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho aze azivavanye umzimba wakho ukuba kukho ii-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo, i-spleen ekhulisiweyo, okanye isibindi. Baza kujonga nokopha okanye ukudumba kweentsini. Basenokujonga nokudumba kwesikhumba, okunokuba bomvu, mfusa, okanye mdaka, kwaye kunxulunyaniswa ne-leukemia.
• Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (i-CBC) : Olu vavanyo lwegazi lunokuxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba inani leeseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelet aziqhelekanga. Ukuba une-leukemia, inani leeseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi linokuba phezulu kakhulu kunesiqhelo.
• Uvavanyo lweeseli zegazi : Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi olongezelelweyo ukujonga iimpawu zeeseli ze-leukemia okanye uhlobo oluthile lwe-leukemia. I-Flow cytometry kunye ne-peripheral blood smear zezinye iimvavanyo ugqirha wakho anokuziyalela.
• I-Bone marrow biopsy (okanye i-bone marrow aspiration) : Ugqirha wakho angenza olu vavanyo ukuba unengxaki yokubala iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi lakho. Kolu vavanyo, kufakwa inaliti ende kwi-bone marrow yakho (ngesiqhelo kwithambo lakho lesinqe) ukuze kususwe isampuli yolwelo. Emva koko isampuli iyavavanywa kwilebhu ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho iiseli ze-leukemia. I-bone marrow biopsy inokumisela ipesenti echanekileyo yeeseli ezingaqhelekanga kwi-bone marrow yakho, nto leyo enokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-leukemia.
• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso kunye nezinye iimvavanyo : Ukuba iimpawu zakho zibonisa ukuba i-leukemia ichaphazele amathambo akho, amalungu omzimba, okanye izicubu, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ukuba kwenziwe i-X-ray yesifuba, i-CT scan, okanye i-MRI scan. Nangona kunjalo, olu vavanyo lwemifanekiso alukwazi ukubona iiseli ze-leukemia.
• Ukubhobozwa kweLumbar (okanye i-spinal tap) : Ugqirha angavavanya isampuli yolwelo lomqolo ukuze abone ukuba i-leukemia isasazeke na kulwelo olujikeleze ingqondo kunye nomqolo (ulwelo lomqolo).

Iphathwa njani i-leukemia?

Unyango lwe-leukemia luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-leukemia onayo, ubudala bakho kunye nempilo yakho iyonke, nokuba ingaba i-leukemia isasazeke kwamanye amalungu okanye izicubu.

Unyango oluqhelekileyo lunokubandakanya enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:

• Unyango lweKhemotherapy (`(Unyango lweKhemotherapy)`): Olu lolona nyango luqhelekileyo lwe-leukemia. Lusebenzisa iikhemikhali (amayeza) ukubulala iiseli ze-leukemia okanye ukuzithintela ukuba zingahlukani. Ngexesha lonyango, ungafumana ezi khemikhali (amayeza) njengeepilisi, njengenaliti emthanjeni, okanye njengenaliti phantsi kolusu. I-chemotherapy idla ngokunikezelwa kunye namayeza aliqela.
• Unyango lwe-immunotherapy (okanye unyango lwe-biologic) : Olu nyango lusebenzisa amayeza akhethekileyo ukuqinisa inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wakho—inkqubo yokuzikhusela—ukulwa ne-leukemia. Unyango lwe-immunotherapy lunceda inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela ukuba ibone iiseli zomhlaza kwaye ivelise iiseli ezininzi zokuzikhusela ukuze zilwe nazo.
• Unyango olujoliswe kuko : Olu nyango lusebenzisa amayeza enzelwe ukuhlasela iindawo ezithile zeseli ye-leukemia (njengeproteni okanye i-gene). Ezi ndawo zezona zibangela ukuba iiseli ze-leukemia zibe ninzi kuneeseli zegazi eziqhelekileyo. Unyango olujoliswe kuko lunokuthintela iiseli ze-leukemia ukuba zingahlukani, luthintele ukunikezelwa kwegazi kweeseli, okanye luzibulale ngokupheleleyo. Unyango olujoliswe kuko lubangela umonakalo omncinci kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo. Imizekelo yala mayeza ibandakanya ii-antibodies ze-monoclonal kunye ne-tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
• Unyango ngemitha : Olu nyango lusebenzisa imisebe enamandla aphezulu okanye ii-X-reyi ukubulala iiseli ze-leukemia okanye ukuzithintela ukuba zingakhuli. Ngexesha lonyango, umatshini unokuyalela imitha kwindawo echanekileyo yeeseli zomhlaza okanye uyisasaze emzimbeni wonke. Imitha yomzimba wonke inokunikwa ngaphambi kokufakelwa iseli ye-hematopoietic.
• Ukufakelwa kweeseli ze-Hematopoietic (okanye `iseli yesiqu` okanye `ukufakelwa komongo wethambo`) : Kolu nyango, iiseli ezenza igazi ezinomhlaza ezitshatyalaliswe yi-chemotherapy kunye/okanye unyango lwemitha zithathelwa indawo ziiseli zesiqu zegazi ezintsha neziphilileyo. Ugqirha wakho unokuthatha ezi seli ziphilileyo kuwe ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe i-chemotherapy kunye nonyango lwemitha, okanye zinokuvela kumntu onikelayo. Ezi seli zintsha ziphilileyo zahlukana kwaye zenze umongo wethambo kunye neeseli zegazi ezintsha (iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelets ezifunekayo emzimbeni wakho).
• Unyango lweeseli ze-T zeChimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) : Olu luhlobo olutsha lonyango. Lubandakanya ukuthatha iiseli ze-T zomzimba wakho ezilwa nosulelo (uhlobo lweseli yomzimba elwa nosulelo ebizwa ngokuba yi-T-cell okanye i-T-lymphocyte), uzilungiselele ngokutsha ukulwa neeseli ze-leukemia, uze uzibuyisele emzimbeni wakho.

Usenokufumana ithuba lokuthatha inxaxheba kwiimvavanyo zeklinikhi ezivavanya unyango olutsha lomhlaza. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neenzuzo kunye neengxaki zokuthatha inxaxheba kwimvavanyo enjalo.

Zithini izigaba zonyango lwe-leukemia?

Ngokuxhomekeke kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango, unokufumana unyango lwe-leukemia ngokuqhubekayo ixesha elide, okanye unokufumana unyango ngamanqanaba aliqela. Ngokwesiqhelo, unyango olunezigaba luquka amacandelo amathathu. Inqanaba ngalinye linenjongo ethile.

1. Unyango lokungenisa : Injongo yoku kukubulala iiseli ezininzi ze-leukemia kangangoko kunokwenzeka egazini lakho nakwithambo lakho kwaye kukubeke kwimeko yokuxolelwa. Kwimeko yokuxolelwa, inani leeseli zakho zegazi libuyela kwisimo esiqhelekileyo, iiseli zakho ze-leukemia azisabonakali egazini lakho, kwaye zonke iimpawu zesifo ziyanyamalala. Unyango lokungenisa ludla ngokuthatha malunga neeveki ezine ukuya kwezintandathu.

2. Unyango lokudibanisa (olubizwa ngokuba yi-``(Intensification)``) : Injongo yoku kukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli ze-leukemia eziseleyo, ezingabonakaliyo. Oku kunokunceda ukuthintela umhlaza ukuba ungabuyi. Olu nyango luhlala lunikwa ngemijikelo eliqela, kwixesha leenyanga ezine ukuya kwezintandathu.

3. Unyango lolondolozo : Injongo yoku kukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli ze-leukemia ezinokuthi zihlale emva kwemijikelo emibini yokuqala yonyango kunye nokuthintela umhlaza ukuba ungabuyi (ukubuyela umva). Olu nyango luqhubeka kangangeminyaka emibini.

Ukuba i-leukemia iyabuya, ugqirha wakho unokuqalisa kwakhona okanye atshintshe unyango lwakho.

Luhlobo luni lwesiphumo endingalulindela emva kokuxilongwa kwe-leukemia?

Kunzima ukunika uqikelelo oluchanekileyo lwe-leukemia, njengoko amava omntu wonke ahlukile. Isiphumo sixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• Utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kwimfuza okanye kwiinguqu (`(iinguqu)`) : Utshintsho olukwiiseli ze-leukemia lolona phawu lubalulekileyo lwesiphumo.
• Uhlobo lwe-leukemia : Ezinye iintlobo ze-leukemia zineziphumo ezingcono kunezinye.
• Inani leeseli zegazi xa kuchongwa isifo : Inani leeseli ze-leukemia ezikhoyo xa kuchongwa isifo linokuchaphazela iziphumo zakho.
• Ubudala : Ngokubanzi, okukhona uselula xa ufunyaniswa ukuba unesifo, kokukhona iziphumo ziya kuba ngcono.
• Imeko yempilo : Ngokubanzi, okukhona usempilweni xa ufunyaniswa ukuba unesifo, kokukhona iziphumo ziya kuba ngcono.
• Impendulo kunyango : Ixesha elithathayo ukuba umhlaza ubuyele kwimeko yokuxolelwa (`(Remission)`) linokunika umbono wokuba unyango luphumelele kangakanani.
• Ukubakho kweeseli ze-leukemia kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi : Ukuba kukho iiseli kulwelo lomqolo wakho, kunokuba nzima ukuzinyanga.

Ekugqibeleni, ugqirha wakho ngumntu ongcono ukuqonda indlela umhlaza wakho okuchaphazela ngayo ngendlela ekhethekileyo. Babuze ngeziphumo zonyango.

Ngaba i-leukemia inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo?

Akukho nto ibizwa ngokuba "lunyango olupheleleyo" lwe-leukemia. Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba abanye abantu abayi kuxolelwa ixesha elide. Ukunyangwa kwe-leukemia kuthetha ukuba umhlaza awusekho, awuyi kubuya, kwaye akukho nyango lufunekayo. Kodwa nge-leukemia, oku kunzima ukukuqinisekisa.

Kwelinye icala, ukuxolelwa ixesha elide kuthetha ukuba akukho zimpawu zomhlaza, nokuba unyangiwe okanye awunyangwa. Olu xolelwa lunokuhlala kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kwiminyaka eliqela. I-leukemia isenokungaphindi ibuye. Ukuba iyabuya, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango olutsha ukuze kufezekiswe ukuxolelwa.

Iqela lakho lezonyango lingawuphendula ngcono lo mbuzo, "Ngaba i-leukemia yam iye yanyangwa?" Baza kuyijonga ngononophelo impilo yakho baze benze isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha wakho?

Zinike amandla ngokufunda kangangoko unako malunga nendlela ukuxilongwa kwakho ngumhlaza okukuchaphazela ngayo ngokukodwa. Licebo elihle ukubhala phantsi izinto uze uhambe nomhlobo xa usiya kugqirha wakho. Musa ukoyika ukubuza imibuzo.

Eminye imibuzo onokuyibuza:

• Loluphi uhlobo lwe-leukemia endinayo? Luhlobo luni lweeseli oluqulethwe yiyo? Ingaba ngumhlaza okhula ngokukhawuleza okanye umhlaza okhula kancinci?
• I-leukemia yafunyanwa kwangethuba kangakanani?
• Ziziphi iindlela zonyango endinazo?
• Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zendlela nganye yonyango?
• Loluphi ucwangciso lonyango olungcono kum? Ngoba?
• Unyango lufanele luqale nini?
• Unyango (kunye nesigaba ngasinye sonyango) luthatha ixesha elingakanani?
• Ndiza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani esibhedlele?
• Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango? Yintoni enokwenziwa ukuthintela okanye ukunciphisa ezo ziphumo?
• Kuthekani ukuba ndifuna ukuba nabantwana? Ziziphi iindlela zokugcina ukuzala kwam?
• Ingakanani izinga lokusinda kuhlobo lwam lwe-leukemia?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndithathe inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi?

Ndingalufumana phi ulwazi oluthe kratya kunye nenkxaso malunga ne-leukemia?

Ukuze ufunde okungakumbi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi lwe-leukemia, ungandwendwela iiwebhusayithi zamazwe ngamazwe (umz., iLeukemia & Lymphoma Society, iNational Cancer Institute, iAmerican Cancer Society). Kwakhona, buza ugqirha wakho ngezixhobo zasekuhlaleni kunye namaqela enkxaso.

Naluphi na uxilongo lomhlaza luyoyikisa. Kodwa uxilongo lwe-leukemia lunokoyikisa nangakumbi. Ngaphandle kwesimila esisuswayo, kunokuba nzima ukwazi ukuba amava onyango aza kuba njani kwaye ikamva liza kuba njani. Khumbula, i-leukemia ayifanelani konke konke. Unyango lwakho kunye namathuba okuphela kwexesha elide axhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Akukho mntu unokuqikelela isiphumo sakho ngaphandle kokuqonda impilo yakho kunye ne-leukemia, kuquka iimpawu zeeseli ze-leukemia. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba uxilongo lwe-leukemia luthetha ukuthini kuwe.

Amanqaku amafutshane ekufuneka uwakhumbule

Kulungile, ngoko ke ngokwezinto esizithethileyo, ndiyathemba ukuba unoluvo oluhle malunga ne-leukemia. Nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• I-leukemia ngumhlaza wegazi , obangelwa kukukhula okungalawulekiyo kweeseli ezingaqhelekanga kumongo wethambo.
• Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zale meko: ebukhali nengapheliyo, kunye ne-myeloid kunye ne-lymphoid .
• Iimpawu ziyahluka, kwaye zinokubandakanya ukudinwa ngesiquphe, usulelo oluqhelekileyo, kunye nokukrweleka okulula .
• Nangona unobangela ochanekileyo ungaziwa, utshintsho lwemfuza, iikhemikhali ezithile, kunye nonyango lwangaphambili lomhlaza zinokuba zizinto ezibangela umngcipheko.
• Esi sifo sichongwa kakhulu ngovavanyo lwegazi kunye ne-bone marrow biopsy .
• Kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango (ezifana ``neChemotherapy'', ``Immunotherapy'', ``Unyango olujoliswe kuyo''), oluxhomekeke kwisigulana kunye nohlobo lwesifo.
• Endaweni yokuthetha ngonyango olupheleleyo, singathemba ukuba siya kuxolelwa ixesha elide .
• Musa ukoyika ukubuza imibuzo nokufumana ulwazi kugqirha wakho . Awuwedwa.

Siyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Hlala usempilweni!

I - leukemia, i-leukemia, umhlaza wegazi, umongo wamathambo, iiseli zegazi, iimpawu ze-leukemia, unyango lwe-leukemia