Xa ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ukuba kufuneka ususwe inxalenye yomhlathi wakho ongezantsi ngotyando, ungaziva uloyiko olukhulu kunye nokothuka. Xa usiva ngolu tyando lubizwa ngokuba yi-'mandibulectomy', usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho. Kuqhelekile ukuba nemibuzo efana nale, "Ngaba ubuso bam buza kutshintsha?", "Ngaba ndiza kukwazi ukuthetha ndize nditye kwakhona?" Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Kweli nqaku, siza kuthetha ngolu tyando, isizathu sokuba lwenziwe, indlela oluyenzeka ngayo, kunye nento onokuyilindela emva kotyando ngendlela elula neqondakalayo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-mandibulectomy?
Ngamafutshane, i-mandibulectomy kukususwa kwenxalenye okanye lonke ithambo lomhlathi elisezantsi (i-mandible). Oku ngamanye amaxesha kubizwa ngokuba yi-'mandibular resection'.
Oogqirha badla ngokuthatha isigqibo sokwenza olu hlobo lotyando ukuba kukho ithumba elinomhlaza emhlathini, ukuba kukho usulelo oluqatha, okanye ukuba ithambo lomhlathi lonakaliswe yimeko ethile yempilo. Injongo ephambili kukususa ngokupheleleyo inxalenye enesifo nokuthintela isifo ukuba singasasazeki ngakumbi.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zolu tyando?
Utyando lweMandibulectomy lunokwahlulwa lube ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili. Kuxhomekeke ekubeni ingakanani ithambo lomhlathi elisusiweyo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi ezo ntlobo zimbini.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Inkcazo emfutshane |
|---|---|
| Utyando lweMandibulectomy oluNgaphelelanga (Utyando lweMandibulectomy oluNgaphantsi) | Oku kuquka ukususa inxalenye encinci yomhlathi. Cinga ngako njengokususa inxalenye encinci yomphetho ongasentla womhlathi. Kwimeko enjalo, imo esisiseko kunye namandla omhlathi ayagcinwa, ngoko ke kwiimeko ezininzi, utyando olukhulu lokwakha kwakhona alufuneki. |
| Utyando lweMandibulectomy oluSegmental | Oku kubandakanya inxalenye ebalulekileyo yomhlathi., oko kukuthi, lonke icandelo elinqamlezileyo liyasuswa. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, umhlathi ulahlekelwa yimo kunye nomsebenzi wawo, ngoko ke kufuneka kwenziwe inxalenye entsha kwaye incamathiselwe ukuze kuthathelwe indawo inxalenye esusiweyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba lutyando lokwakha ngokutsha. |
Ufumana phi amathambo okwakha ngokutsha?
Kwi-segmental mandibulectomy, oogqirha bathatha ithambo, izicwili, ulusu, kunye nemithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi kunye nemithambo yegazi) ukusuka kwenye indawo yomzimba wakho ukuze bakhe umhlathi wakho. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"free-flap reconstruction." Cinga ngokuthatha ilaphu uze ulilungise ukuze ulungise inxalenye ekrazukileyo yempahla yakho.
Iindawo apho amathambo kunye nezicubu zihlala zithathwa khona zezi:
- Umlenze ongezantsi: Ngokuqhelekileyo, kuthathwa inxalenye yethambo le-fibula.
- I-blade yegxalaba: Kwezinye iimeko, inxalenye ye-blade yegxalaba ingasuswa.
- Ithanga: Inxalenye yethambo lethanga nayo ingathathwa ngenxa yesi sizathu.
Ngamanye amaxesha, iipleyiti zesinyithi okanye iziqwenga zamathambo ezivela komnye umntu onikelayo zingasetyenziswa. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukuchazela oku.
Kuxa kutheni apho olu tyando luyimfuneko?
Ugqirha uza kusebenzisa olu hlobo lotyando ngezizathu ezithile. Phakathi kwazo, ezona zizathu ziphambili zezi.
- Umhlaza womlomo: Ukuba umhlaza owenzeka emlonyeni, elulwimini, kwiintsini, okanye esidleleni, usasazeke waya emhlathini.
- Umhlaza we-Oropharyngeal: Ukuba umhlaza oqala embindini womqala usasazeka uye kumhlathi.
- Usulelo Lwamathambo (i-Osteomyelitis): Ukuba unentsholongwane eyingozi esasazeke emhlathini kwaye ayiphenduli kunyango.
- I-Osteonecrosis yomhlathi: Ukuba ithambo lomhlathi liyafa ngenxa yokusebenzisa amayeza athile (ingakumbi i-bisphosphonates) okanye unyango lwemitha.
- Iingozi eziqatha: Ukuba umhlathi womhlathi uqhekezwe waba ziingceba kwingozi eqatha kwaye wonakele kakhulu ukuba ungalungiswa nangayiphi na indlela.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba uqonde ukuba olu tyando lwenziwa kwiimeko apho kufuneka kususwe inxalenye enesifo, engenakunyangwa ngezinye iindlela zonyango.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi kotyando?
Kukho ixesha lokulungiselela ngaphambi kotyando, apho iqela lezonyango lifumana ukuqonda okupheleleyo ngemeko yakho.
- Uvavanyo: I-CT scan ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ubungakanani kunye nokusasazeka kwethumba okanye indawo eyonakeleyo kumhlathi wakhoUvavanyo olufana nolu luyenziwa. Ukuba kwenziwa utyando lokwakha ngokutsha, kwenziwa uvavanyo olukhethekileyo ukujonga impilo yemithambo yegazi kwindawo enikelwe kuyo.
- Intlanganiso neqela lezonyango: Olu tyando lwenziwa liqela loogqirha abahlukeneyo. Eli qela lingabandakanya ugqirha wentloko nentamo, ugqirha wokwakha ngokutsha, kunye nogqirha womlomo. Baza kuxoxa nawe ngotyando ngokweenkcukacha.
- Izinto ekufuneka uziyeke: Uya kucetyiswa ukuba uziphephe izinto ezinokunyusa ukopha okanye ziphazamise inkqubo yokuphiliswa ngexesha lotyando.
- Utywala
- Izithomalalisi zentlungu ezifana ne -aspirin kunye ne-ibuprofen
- Ukutshaya (iicuba) - Oku kuyingozi kakhulu kwinkqubo yokuphiliswa.
- Amanye amayeza e-Ayurvedic okanye e-herbal
Kubalulekile: Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imithi oyithathayo ngoku, kuquka neevithamini.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Olu lutyando oluntsonkothileyo oluza kuthatha iiyure ezininzi. Kodwa akukho nto umele uyixhalabele. Uza kuba phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele kulo lonke inkqubo, ngoko ke uza kulala ubuthongo obunzulu.
Kwi-Marginal Mandibulectomy...
1. Ugqirha uza kwenza utyando ngaphakathi esidleleni sakho.
2. Ithumba okanye inxalenye yomhlathi enesifo iyasuswa, kunye nenani elincinci lezicubu eziphilileyo ezijikelezileyo.
3. Amanxeba avaliwe kwaye agqunywe ngemixokelelwane.
Kwi-Segmental Mandibulectomy...
Le yinkqubo ende kancinci. Amaqela amabini otyando angasebenza ngaxeshanye. Ngelixa elinye iqela lenza utyando lwesinqe, elinye iqela lilungiselela indawo yomxhasi.
1. Okokuqala, umhlathi onesifo uyasuswa kunye nezicubu ezijikelezileyo.
2. Iindawo ezisusiweyo zithunyelwa kwilebhu ukuze zivavanyelwe ukuba zikhona na iiseli zomhlaza okanye zisasazekile.
3. Kukwajongwa ukuba umhlaza usasazeke na kwiindawo ze-lymph entanyeni.
4. Elinye iqela lotyando lithatha amacandelo afunekayo ethambo, ulusu, kunye nemithambo yegazi kwindawo yokufakelwa kwamathambo (umz., umlenze).
5. Ithambo elikhutshiweyo lenziwe ngendlela yokuba lifane ngokuchanekileyo nenxalenye esusiweyo emhlathini.
6. Ukuze kubonelelwe ngegazi kwizicubu ezifakelweyo, loo mithambo yegazi iqhagamshelwe kakuhle kwimithambo yegazi entanyeni yakho.
7. Inxalenye entsha yomhlathi incamathiselwe kumhlathi kusetyenziswa iipleyiti zesinyithi ezikhethekileyo kunye nezikrufu, kwaye amanxeba ayavalwa kwaye afakwe umthungo.
Ezinye izinto onokuzenza ngotyando
Emva kotyando, unokufuna unyango olongezelelweyo ukuze amazinyo akho nomhlathi wakho uhlale kwindawo efanelekileyo kwaye wenze ukuphefumla kube lula.
- Iibha ze-arch kunye neebhanti zerabha: Ezi zifakwa emlonyeni ukuze amazinyo kunye nomhlathi zihlale zilungelelene kakuhle.
- I-Tracheostomy:Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala emva kotyando, ityhubhu ifakwa ngaphambili entanyeni kwi-windpipe (trachea) ukuze kube lula ukuphefumla kuba umphimbo uya kuvuvukala. Oku kungokwexeshana.
- Ityhubhu yokutyisa: Ekubeni kunzima ukutya ngomlomo, ityhubhu ifakwa ngempumlo esiswini ukuze inike isondlo esifunekayo kwaye inike ukutya okumanzi.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando?
Ixesha lokuchacha lifuna umonde omncinci.
- Ukuhlala esibhedlele: Kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenzayo, kunokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele naphi na ukusuka kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwiiveki ezimbini. Utyando olunecandelo ludla ngokufuna ukuhlala ixesha elide.
- Xa ugoduka: Emva kokuba ugodukile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo enikwe ngugqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo. Uza kufundiswa indlela yokugcina izilonda zakho zicocekile kunye nendlela yokutya. Usenokuba netyhubhu yokutyisa xa ugoduka, okanye ungaxelelwa ukuba utye ukutya okumanzi kuphela. Sela nayiphi na imithi yentlungu oyinikwayo ngexesha.
- Ezinye iindlela zonyango: Ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho, ungadinga uncedo kwingcali yentetho kunye nengcali yezonyango zomzimba ukukunceda ufunde ukuginya nokuthetha kwakhona. Ukuba wenze utyando lomhlaza, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango lwemitha okanye i-chemotherapy ukubulala naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha ngokupheleleyo?
Kunzima ukuxela ixesha elichanekileyo loku. Kuyahluka kumntu nomntu kwaye kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando.
- Ukubuyela esiqhelweni emva kokuhlinzwa kwesisu okuncinci kukhawuleza.
- Ukuchacha emva kokuhlinzwa kwe-segmental mandibulectomy kunye nokwakhiwa kwakhona kungathatha iinyanga. Kuthatha ixesha ukufunda kwakhona indlela yokuginya, yokutya, kunye nokuthetha.
- Kungathatha iiveki ezininzi ukubuyela emsebenzini. Kusenokufuneka ulinde ixesha elide ngakumbi ukuze uqale imisebenzi enzima efana nokuzilolonga. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukunika ishedyuli elungele wena.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezifuna utyelelo olukhawulezileyo kugqirha?
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na ezi mpawu ngelixa usekhaya emva kotyando, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ifiva | Ubushushu bomzimba obungaphezulu kwe-100.5 Fahrenheit (38.05 Celsius). |
| Intlungu ebuhlungu | Intlungu ebuhlungu engapheliyo nokuba isetyenziswa ngamayeza okudambisa iintlungu. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla | Ukuphefumla nzima okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla). Le yimeko engxamisekileyo. |
| Ukudumba | Ukudumba okungaqhelekanga kobuso, entanyeni, okanye kufutshane nenxeba (i-angioedema). |
| Ezinye iimpawu | Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, ukwanda kokudumba okujikeleze inxeba, isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza, ukurhawuzelela kolusu. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lweMandibulectomy aluyonto yokoyika, lutyando olusindisa ubomi olubalulekileyo kwimpilo yakho.
- Uhlobo lotyando olufunekayo luya kuxhomekeka kwimeko yakho. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo neqela lakho lezonyango ngalo mba.
- Ixesha lokuchacha linokuba lide kancinci, kwaye umonde, inkalipho, kunye nenkxaso yosapho zibaluleke kakhulu.
- Landela imiyalelo kagqirha ngononophelo emva kotyando, ingakumbi malunga nokutya kunye nokunyamekela amanxeba.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo, imibuzo, okanye iimpawu ezilumkisayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
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