Ingaba kukuvaleka komthambo wobuchopho ophakathi? Masithethe nge-MCA stroke!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba yintoni enokwenzeka ukuba umthambo omncinci wegazi engqondweni yethu uvalekile ngequbuliso? Yiyo loo nto imeko embi ebizwa ngokuba yi-MCA stroke (Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke) . Eli gama livakala liyoyikisa kancinci, akunjalo? Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Siza kuthetha ngayo yonke into ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda. Kufana nokuba umhlobo wakho osenyongweni okanye ilungu losapho lichaze into ethile kuwe.

Yintoni i-MCA Stroke?

Ngamafutshane, i-MCA stroke yimeko yokukhubazeka okubangelwa kukuvaleka komthambo wegazi engqondweni yakho obizwa ngokuba yi-Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) . Cinga ngayo le mibhobho yegazi ephakathi yenye yemibhobho yegazi ephambili ehambisa igazi engqondweni yethu. Ngokuchanekileyo, iqhagamshela kumthambo we-carotid entanyeni yethu kwaye ihambisa igazi kwiindawo zengqondo ezisinceda sisebenzise izivamvo zethu, sishukumise imizimba yethu, kwaye sithethe. Uninzi lwemibhobho yegazi lwenzeka kulo mthambo wegazi obizwa ngokuba yi-MCA.

Ngoko ke, esi sifo se-MCA senzeka njani? Isizathu soku kukuba ihlwili legazi linamathela ngaphakathi kwesi sitho semithambo yobuchopho esiphakathi. Njengokuba iqhekeza lothuli linamathela kumbhobho wamanzi, amanzi ayayeka ukuhamba, xa esi sitho segazi sivalekile, igazi liyayeka ukuhamba liye kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo zobuchopho. Emva koko iiseli kwezo ndawo ziqala ukufa. Yiyo loo nto ibangela isifo sentliziyo.

Zithini iimpawu ze-MCA stroke?

Kukho iimpawu ezininzi ze-MCA stroke. Ezi zihlala zivela ngequbuliso. Jonga ukuba ezi mpawu zivakala ziqhelekile na kuwe:

• Ubuthathaka okanye ukungakhululeki kwelinye icala lobuso okanye lomzimba: Usenokuziva ngathi elinye icala alinangqondo. Okanye usenokungakwazi ukulishukumisa elo cala kwaphela.
• Ukulahlekelwa ngequbuliso okanye ukuncipha kokusebenza kwezivamvo: Izivamvo ezifana nokubona, ukuva, ukuvumba, ukungcamla, kunye nokuchukumisa zinokunyamalala ngequbuliso okanye ziphazamiseke.
• Intetho engacacanga okanye ukungathintitha (dysarthria): Ukungakwazi ukubiza amagama ngokucacileyo.
• Ubunzima bokuthetha okanye ukulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo yintetho (i-aphasia): Ubunzima bokufumana amagama, okanye ukungakwazi ukuthetha konke konke, bunokubakho.
• Ukungahoywa: Eli licala lasekhohlo elihlala lilityalwa ngolu hlobo. Oko kukuthi, izinto ezikwicala lasekhohlo azibonakali, kwaye akukho nkxalabo ngaloo cala.
• Ukulahlekelwa kukulinganisela okanye ubunzima bokuhamba (ataxia): Ukugxadazela xa uhamba, ubunzima bokubamba izinto.

Ngoku khangela, ingqondo yethu yahlulwe ngamacala amabini, ekhohlo nasekunene. Le mithambo ye-MCA ikwasasaza igazi kwaye inike igazi kumacala omabini engqondo. Into ebalulekileyo kukuba elinye icala lengqondo lilawule elinye icala lomzimba. Oko kuthetha ukuba, ukuba istroke ichaphazela icala lasekhohlo lengqondo, iimpawu ziya kuvela kwicala lasekunene lomzimba. Ukuba icala lasekunene lengqondo lonakele, iimpawu ziya kuvela kwicala lasekhohlo lomzimba.

Abantu abaninzi banengxaki yokuthetha (i-aphasia) ukuba icala lasekhohlo lobuchopho likhubazekile .Inokwenzeka. Kwimeko yokukhubazeka kwicala lasekunene, ukungahoywa kwecala lasekhohlo lomzimba kunokwenzeka.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezilumkisayo ze-MCA stroke?

Ngenxa yokuba i-MCA strokes inokuba neempawu ezahlukeneyo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula isifinyezo esithi BE FAST ukuze uqaphele xa wena okanye umntu omthandayo sele niza kuba ne-stroke.

• B - Ibhalansi: Jonga ukuba akukho lahleko ngequbuliso kwibhalansi .
• E - Amehlo: Jonga ukulahleka ngequbuliso okanye utshintsho ekuboneni kwelinye okanye omabini amehlo.
• F - Ubuso: Ncuma uze ubone ukuba icala elinye okanye omabini obuso bakho ayagoba na .
• A - Iingalo: Phakamisa iingalo zombini. Ukuba unesifo sokukhubazeka, usenokungakwazi ukuphakamisa ingalo enye, okanye isenokuba buthathaka kangangokuba iya kuwa phantsi.
• S - Intetho: Jonga ukuba intetho ayicacanga na okanye kunzima ukukhetha amagama afanelekileyo .
• T - Ixesha: Ixesha libaluleke kakhulu - fumana uncedo ngokukhawuleza! Ukuba kunokwenzeka, khumbula ixesha iimpawu zakho eziqale ngalo ngokujonga iwotshi yakho, ifowuni, okanye esinye isixhobo sokugcina ixesha. Ukuxelela ugqirha ukuba iimpawu zakho ziqale nini kunokubanceda bakhethe unyango olufanelekileyo.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba ubona naziphi na kwezi mpawu ze-BE FAST, fowunela i-ambulensi (kwilizwe lethu, ngo-1990) okanye uye esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza, ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Kuba xa uhlaselwa sistroke, ixesha bubomi!

Uhlaselo lwe-Ischemic oluThutyana (TIA)

Ngamanye amaxesha i-transient ischemic attack (TIA) inokwenzeka. Abanye abantu bayibiza le nto ngokuthi "yi-mini-stroke." Oku kufana ne-stroke, kodwa iimpawu ziyaphela emva kwexesha elithile. Nangona kunjalo, olu luphawu olubi kakhulu lwesilumkiso . Umntu oye waba ne-TIA usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba ne-stroke epheleleyo kungekudala. Ke ngoko, umntu oye waba ne-TIA kufuneka afumane unyango olungxamisekileyo ngokukhawuleza.

Zithini izizathu ze-MCA stroke?

I-MCA strokes luhlobo lwe- ischemic stroke . Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, zenzeka xa umthambo wakho wobuchopho ophakathi (i-MCA) uvalwe lihlwili legazi. Kukho ezinye iimeko zempilo ezinyusa umngcipheko wakho wokuba namahlwili egazi. Ezi ziquka:

• I-cholesterol ephezulu (i-hyperlipidemia): Amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol egazini.
• Iingxaki zokuqunjelwa: Abanye abantu banomkhwa wokuba igazi labo liqunje lula.
• I-Atherosclerosis: Ukufakwa kwamafutha kwiindonga zemithambo yegazi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba zinciphe kwaye ziqine.
• I-Atrial fibrillation:Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga kwi-atria yentliziyo. Umngcipheko uphezulu ukuba le meko ibangelwa kukungafumani ukutya okunempilo, ingakumbi ngexesha lokulala.
• Iziphene zentliziyo: Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne -atrial septal defect kunye ne-ventricular septal defect .

Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?

Nabani na unokufumana isifo sohlangothi , kodwa amanye amaqela asengozini enkulu. Oku kuquka:

• Abantu abatshayayo okanye abasebenzisa ezinye iimveliso zecuba/ze-nicotine (umz. i-vaping).
• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
• Abantu abasebenzisa iziyobisi zokuzonwabisa okanye ezingabhalwanga ngugqirha.
• Abantu abanengxaki yokufumana iinkonzo zonyango rhoqo.
• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakhe owakha waba nesifo sohlangothi ngaphambili.
• Abantu abangawufumani ngokwaneleyo umthambo womzimba.

Kwakhona, umngcipheko wokukhubazeka uyanda ukuba uneengxaki ezithile zempilo:

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu)
• I-cholesterol ephezulu (i-hyperlipidemia)
• Usulelo lwe-Covid-19 (COVID-19)
• Isifo seswekile
• Ingxaki yokusebenzisa utywala
• Ukutyeba kakhulu

Ifunyanwa njani i-MCA stroke?

Ugqirha uxilonga isifo sohlangothi se-MCA ngokwenza uvavanyo lwemithambo-luvo , uvavanyo lomzimba, kunye nolunye uvavanyo oluninzi. Ukuba uziswa kwigumbi likaxakeka nge-ambulensi, oogqirha balapho banokuxilonga isifo sohlangothi.

Ugqirha wakho uza kusebenzisa iimvavanyo ezifana nezi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukhe waba nestroke na:

• Iskeni ye-CT
• I-CT angiogram
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG)
• I-MRI
• I-Magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA)
• I-angiogram yobuchopho
• Uvavanyo lwegazi

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-MCA stroke?

Oogqirha bakho baza kuzama ukubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi okuqhelekileyo engqondweni yakho ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokonakala kwengqondo okungapheliyo nokufa.

Oogqirha bathatha amanyathelo okuqhekeza okanye ukususa ihlwili legazi.

• Usenokunikwa amayeza okuthintela ukudumba kwegazi , anjenge -tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) .
• Usenokufuna notyando (oludla ngokuba yi-mechanical thrombectomy) ukuze kuqhekeke kwaye kususwe i-blood clot.
• Oogqirha baya kukunika amayeza okulawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi.

Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba ucinga ukuba unestroke, funa uncedo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo ngoko nangoko. Ezinye iindlela zonyango (ezifana ne-tPA) zinokunikwa kuphela ngexesha elithile emva kokuba istroke iqalile.

Oogqirha bakho baza kukuxelela ngqo ukuba loluphi unyango olukulungeleyo kunye noko ungakulindela.

Ukuvuselelwa emva kokuhlaselwa sisifo semithambo yobuchopho esiphakathi

Ukuvuselelwa yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yonyango lwestroke. Udinga ukuvuselelwa ukuze kukuncede ulungelelane notshintsho olusengqondweni nasemzimbeni wakho emva kwestroke. Usenokufuna uncedo lokubuyisela izakhono zakho zangaphambili okanye ukuziqhelanisa nokukhubazeka kwakho okutsha. Oku kunokubandakanya indibaniselwano yezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukuvuselelwa kwengqondo: Inceda ukuphucula inkumbulo, ingqalelo, kunye nezinye izakhono zengqondo.
• Unyango lokuthetha: Lunceda ekubuyiseleni okanye ekuphuculeni izakhono zolwimi nokuthetha, kunye nokulawula izihlunu ezikuncedayo ukuthetha, ukuphefumla, ukutya, nokuginya.
• Unyango lomsebenzi: Lukunceda ukuba wenze imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngokukhuselekileyo, ingakumbi imisebenzi efuna iintshukumo zomzimba ezintle.
• Unyango lomzimba: Lunceda ukuqinisa izihlunu, ukuphucula ulungelelwano, kunye nokusebenzisa kwakhona iingalo nemilenze.

Ingakanani ixesha lokuphila emva kwe-MCA stroke?

Kunzima kwiingcali ukuqikelela ngokuchanekileyo izinga lokusinda emva kwe-MCA stroke. I-stroke ingabulala, ibangele ukukhubazeka okusisigxina, kwaye ichaphazele ixesha oza kuphila ngalo (ubude bobomi). Nangona kunjalo, akukho shedyuli okanye umbono wokuchacha ohambelanayo.

Ukuqikelela isifo sohlangothi lwemithambo yobuchopho ephakathi

Oko ungakulindela (ukuxela kwangaphambili) emva kwesifo sohlangothi se-MCA kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• Indlela okhawuleze ngayo ukufumana unyango.
• Impilo yakho iyonke.
• iminyaka yakho.

Uninzi lwabantu luthatha ubuncinane iinyanga ezimbalwa ukuze luphile. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela into omawuyilindele. Baza kukunceda ubeke iinjongo kunye nolindelo lokuchacha oluhambelana nempilo yakho kunye nemeko yakho.

Ngaba isifo sohlangothi lwemithambo yobuchopho esiphakathi sinokuthintelwa?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokunciphisa umngcipheko wakho we-MCA stroke kukugcina impilo entle iyonke. Ngokubanzi, zama ukwenza ezi zinto:

• Yeka ukutshaya.
• Lawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi, i-cholesterol, kunye nazo naziphi na iingxaki zempilo onokuba nazo.
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo kwaye ugcine ubunzima obusempilweni.
• Yenza umthambo rhoqo.

Bona ugqirha rhoqo ngonyaka (okanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ecebisa). Iimeko ezininzi zempilo ezinokubangela i-MCA stroke ziyakhula ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ezinye zisenokungabangeli ukuba uqaphele naziphi na iimpawu. Umzekelo, abantu abaninzi abane-cholesterol ephezulu okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu abaziva nto de bafunyaniswe ukuba banayo. Ugqirha wakho unokukunceda uqaphele kwaye ulawule naziphi na iimpawu ezilumkisayo ngaphambi kokuba zonyuse umngcipheko wakho we-stroke.

Ukuchacha kunye nokubuyiselwa kwimeko yesiqhelo emva kwestroke ngumsebenzi omninzi. Nje ukuba wena nogqirha wakho nigqibe isicwangciso sonyango, silandele ngokusondeleyo kangangoko. Ngokubanzi, kufuneka wenze oku kulandelayo:

• Sela amayeza akho ngokuchanekileyo. Ukusela amayeza akho njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele kuya kunceda umzimba wakho uphile.
• Yiya kwi-rehab yakho nakwezinye iintlanganiso zonyango. Xelela abagqirha bakho ukuba kukho into ekwenza uzive ungakhuselekanga okanye ungakhululekanga. Ukuvuselelwa komzimba kunzima, kodwa akufuneki uhlale uneentlungu okanye ungakhululekanga ngalo lonke ixesha.
• Cinga nangempilo yakho yengqondo. Ukudakumba kunye nokuxhalaba kuxhaphakile emva kwestroke. Ukuziva ulusizi okanye uphoxekile akukwenzi ube buthathaka okanye uyeke. Impilo yakho yeemvakalelo ibaluleke njengempilo yakho yomzimba. Ukuba uziva ngathi ufuna uncedo lokuthetha ngento ethile ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye nomcebisi wempilo yengqondo .

Ndingaya nini kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba unesinye isifo sohlangothi , fowunela u-911 (okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni) ngoko nangoko. Esinye isifo sohlangothi sinokubangela ukufa okanye sibangele iingxaki ezinkulu. Musa ukulibazisa ukufuna uncedo.

Abantu abakhe baba nestroke nabo basengozini enkulu yokufumana ezinye iingxaki ezinzulu. Imizekelo:

• Ukuqhekeka kwegazi emiphungeni (i-Pulmonary embolism)
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Ukuxhuzula
• Ukukrala kwemiphunga
• I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

Ukuba ucinga ukuba uneempawu zayo nayiphi na kwezi ngxaki, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba iinkonzo zongxamiseko okanye uye kwigumbi longxamiseko ngokukhawuleza.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

• Ngawaphi amanye amayeza endiwadingayo kwaye ndiwathatha njani?
• Zeziphi ezinye iintlobo zokuvuselelwa endizidingayo?
• Ingakanani ingozi yam yokuba nestroke kwakhona kwixesha elizayo?
• Ngaba kukho naziphi na iinkonzo zenkxaso okanye izixhobo ozicebisayo?

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-MCA stroke kunye ne-ACA stroke?

Istroke se-MCA kunye nestroke se-ACA (Anterior Cerebral Artery) zombini ziintlobo zestroke. Umahluko ukwimithambo yegazi engqondweni echaphazelekayo. I-MCA yimithambo yakho yobuchopho ephakathi. Ikhula kumacala omabini engqondo yakho.I-Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA) ikwindawo engaphambili kwekhakayi. Igama elithi "Anterior" lithetha ukuba phambili ngokwezonyango. Ngokungafaniyo ne-MCA stroke, i-ACA stroke inokuchaphazela ulawulo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemilenze yakho.

Zombini ezi ntlobo zestroke zinokuba nezizathu ezifanayo kunye neempawu ezifanayo, kwaye zombini zinokubulala. Awuyi kukwazi ukubona umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini de ugqirha asebenzise uvavanyo lwemifanekiso ukufumanisa ukuba yeyiphi imithambo yegazi evalekileyo okanye eyonakeleyo. Ukuba ucinga ukuba uneempawu zalo naluphi na uhlobo lwestroke , fowunela u-911 ngoko nangoko.

Okokugqibela, umyalezo obalulekileyo

Umthambo wobuchopho ophakathi (i-MCA) ngomnye wemithambo yegazi emikhulu ethwala igazi elitsha ebuchotsheni bakho. Yiyo loo nto istroke esivimbayo sinokuba yingozi kakhulu. Kodwa ungaphila. Nokuba kufuneka uqhele ukukhubazeka okutsha okanye ufunde kwakhona ezinye iintshukumo obukwazi ukuzenza, usenguwe.

Ukuvuselelwa emva kwestroke ngumsebenzi omninzi. Ezinye iintsuku ziya kuba lula kunezinye, kodwa khumbula ukubhiyozela inkqubela yakho. Nokuba zincinci iimpumelelo zisezimpumelelo. Thetha noogqirha bakho okanye abaphengululi malunga nendlela oluhamba ngayo uhambo lwakho lokuchacha. Banokukunceda ucinge ngendlela ohambe ngayo ngemini enzima, kwaye bakulungele ukukuxhasa. Ungakhathazeki, awuwedwa!

` Istroke se-MCA, ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi yobuchopho, iimpawu zestroke, ukuthintela istroke, KHAWULEZA IsiSinhala, umthambo wobuchopho ophakathi, ukubuyiselwa kwestroke IsiSinhala