Ngaba umntwana wakho omncinci ngamanye amaxesha uneentlungu zesisu ezingachazekiyo? Okanye ngaba uye woyika ukufa xa ubona igazi kwindle yakhe? Abazali abaninzi bayakhathazeka ngale nto. Kodwa akufuneki ukuba ibe yinto enzulu rhoqo. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko enokubangela ezi mpawu, kodwa abantu abaninzi abakayiva loo nto. Yiyo leyo i-Meckel's diverticulum. Nangona eli gama lisenokuvakala lingaqhelekanga, yinto esifanele siyazi ngayo.
Yintoni iMeckel's Diverticulum?
Ngamafutshane, iMeckel's diverticulum sisingxobo okanye ipokotho encinci eyenzeka ngaphakathi eludongeni lwamathumbu ethu amancinci. Cinga ngayo njengengxobo encinci ngaphakathi kwelokhwe. Esi sisiphene sokuzalwa esibakho xa kuzalwa. Kodwa ungoyikiswa ligama elithi "ingxaki." Oku kuqhelekile kakhulu. Malunga neentsana ezi-2 okanye ezi-3 kwi-100 nganye zinale meko, kwaye uninzi lwexesha ayibangeli monakalo.
Ngokwesiqhelo, singaba ne-diverticula kwinkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya (indlela yokugaya ukutya). Zikhula ngakumbi kwi-colon njengoko sikhula. Kodwa i-diverticulum kaMeckel yahlukile kancinci. Kuba ikhula ngelixa umntwana esesesibelekweni.
Into ekhethekileyo ngale nto kukuba ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho ezinye iintlobo zezicubu ezishiyekileyo ngaphakathi kolu ngqokelela luncinci olungelulo olo. Kwizonyango, silubiza ngokuba 'yi-ectopic tissue'. Oko kukuthi, uhlobo lwezicubu ekufuneka zibe kwindawo enye lukhula kwindawo olungelulo olo. Khawucinge, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba inxalenye yezicubu esiswini sethu, evelisa i-asidi, ikhula ngaphakathi kolu ngqokelela luncinci? Isisu sinogqubuthelo olukhethekileyo olunokumelana ne-asidi. Kodwa amathumbu amancinci awanalo ugqubuthelo olunjalo. Ngoko ke xa izicubu zesisu ezikhulele ngaphakathi kolo ngqokelela ziqala ukukhupha i-asidi, loo asidi yonakalisa udonga lwamathumbu amancinci kwaye iqale ukwenza izilonda. Kulapho kuvela khona iingxaki.
Le yinto elula ukuyikhumbula: "uMthetho wee-2"
Kukho indlela elula yokukhumbula ezinye iinyaniso ezisisiseko malunga ne-Meckel's diverticulum. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Rule of 2s".
- Ukuxhaphaka: Malunga ne -2% yabemi banale meko.
- Iingxaki: Yi -2% kuphela yabantu abanale meko abafumana iimpawu okanye iingxaki. Oko kuthetha ukuba abantu abangama-98 kwabayi-100 baya kuphila ubomi babo bonke bengazi nokuba banayo.
- Ubudala: Iimpawu zihlala zibonakala kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala.
- Isini: Abafana banamathuba aphindwe kabini okufumana le meko kunamantombazana.
- Indawo: Olu qhambuko ludla ngokuba malunga neenyawo ezimbini ngaphezulu kwesiphelo esisezantsi samathumbu amancinci.
- Iintlobo zezicubu: Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zezicubu ezingaphandle kwesi sisu ngaphakathi(Izicubu zesisu okanye izicubu zepancreas) zinokubakho.
Zithini iimpawu zeMeckel's Diverticulum?
Okokuqala, kunokwenzeka ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nibe nale meko, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba niphile ubomi benu bonke ningenazo iimpawu. Iimpawu zibonakala kuphela xa iingxaki esizixubushe ngaphambili ziqala. Ezi ngxaki zidla ngokuvela ebuntwaneni, kodwa azifane zenzeke xa nibadala.
Khawuthelekelele, unyana wakho oneminyaka enye enesiqingatha ubudala ngequbuliso uqala ukukhala ngaphandle kwesizathu, ebambe isisu sakhe. Akafuni nokusela ubisi. Xa utshintsha inabukeni yakhe, ubona ukuba inombala wegazi elibomvu eliqaqambileyo. Yimeko eyoyikisa nawuphi na umama. Ngexesha elinje, ugqirha unokurhanela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yiMeckel's diverticulum.
Makhe sijonge iingxaki eziphambili ezinokubakho kunye neempawu zazo.
| Ingxaki | Iimpawu kunye nenkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukopha kwamathumbu | Le yeyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo. I-asidi ekhutshwa kwisisu ngaphakathi kwi-esophagus ibangela izilonda emathunjini kunye nokopha. Into ekhethekileyo kukuba oku kukopha akusoloko kubuhlungu . Kubantwana abancinci, igazi lidlula kunye nendle ngombala obomvu omnyama . Kubantu abadala, indle inokuba mnyama njengetha . Ukuba ukopha kuyaqhubeka, iimpawu ezinje nge-anemia (umlinganiselo wegazi ophantsi) kunye nokuphaphatheka kunye nokudinwa nazo zinokuvela. |
| I-Diverticulitis | Amaxesha amaninzi, esi sikhwama sinokosulelwa ziintsholongwane size sivuvuke, nto leyo ebangela iintlungu zesisu, ukudumba, kunye nokuthamba. Le ntlungu ivakala ngakumbi ejikeleze inkaba . Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho une-appendicitis, iya kuvakala ifana naleyo ntlungu. |
| Ukuvaleka Kwamathumbu | Oku nako kunqabile. Oku kuphuma kunokubangela ukuba ukutya kungene emathunjini ngokupheleleyo okanye kancinci. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kuphuma kugoqeka ngaphakathi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba inxalenye ethile yamathumbu ingene kwenye. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-intussusception . Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana nokudumba, iintlungu zesisu, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokuhlanza . |
Ngaba ezi ngxaki zingaba nkulu?
Ewe, ezinye iingxaki zinokuba yingozi ebomini ukuba azinyangwa. Kodwa iimpawu zihlala zibonakala ngaphambi kokuba zibe nkulu. Umzekelo, ukuba inxeba liqhubeka liphuma igazi, umzimba unokulahlekelwa ligazi elininzi kwaye ube nesifo sothuko. Kunokubakho nokugqobhoka kodonga lwamathumbu, okunokukhokelela kusulelo olukhulu (i-sepsis). Ke ngoko, ukuba ubona naziphi na kwezi mpawu, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
Kutheni iMeckel's Diverticulum isenzeka?
Eli bali liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, kodwa ndiza kulichaza ngokulula. Ngexesha lokuqala kokukhula, umntwana ufumana ukondliwa kwinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-yolk sac. Oku kuqhagamshelwa emathunjini omntwana ngetyhubhu encinci (i-vitelline duct). Emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, umntwana uqala ukufumana ukondliwa ngumama nge-placenta. Ngelo xesha, i-yolk sac kunye netyhubhu eqhagamshelwe kuyo ayisafuneki. Ngokwesiqhelo, le tube kunye ne-sac kufuneka zifunxwe ngokupheleleyo ngumzimba.
Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kusala inxalenye encinci yale tube. Loo nxalenye iseleyo yenza iprotrusion ebizwa ngokuba yiMeckel's diverticulum. Izazinzulu azikayazi kakuhle ukuba kutheni oku kusenzeka.
Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le meko?
Abanye abantu bafumanisa ukuba banayo ngengozi. Ifunyanwa xa benovavanyo lwesisu ngesinye isizathu. Abanye bafumanisa ukuba iimpawu ziqala nini ukubonakala. Oogqirha baya kukrokrela, ingakumbi ukuba umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala unentlungu yesisu engachazekiyo okanye ukuba unegazi kwindle yakhe ngaphandle kwentlungu. Esi sesona sizathu sokuba abantwana babe negazi kwindle yabo.
Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi zokuqinisekisa oku:
- Iskeni sikaMeckel: Olu lolona vavanyo lusetyenziswa kakhulu. Into encinci engenabungozi enemisebe ifakwa emthanjeni. Ukuba kukho izicubu zesisu ngaphakathi kulo mthambo, izicubu ziyayifunxa loo nto. Emva koko, xa ijongwa ngekhamera ekhethekileyo (ikhamera ye-gamma), indawo igqanyiswa kakuhle.
- I-Mesenteric arteriography (angiogram): Oku kuquka ukufaka idayi kwimithambo yegazi esiswini kunye nokuthatha imifanekiso ye-X-ray. Olu vavanyo lunokufumanisa ukuba kukho indawo yokopha esebenzayo ngenxa yokwenzakala kwamathumbu.
- I-Endoscopy:Oku kuquka ukufaka ityhubhu encinci (i-endoscope) enekhamera eqhotyoshelwe ngomlomo ukuze kuhlolwe amathumbu. Enye indlela kukuginya ikhamera encinci efana nepilisi (i-capsule endoscopy). Le khamera ihamba ngamathumbu ize ithathe imifanekiso. Kumntwana omncinci, le capsule inokufakwa esiswini emva kwe-anesthesia.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Ukuba kuvela iingxaki ngenxa ye-Meckel's diverticulum, unyango olungcono kukuyisusa ngotyando. Olu tyando lubizwa ngokuba 'kukususwa kwamathumbu amancinci.' Oku kuquka ukusika iqhekeza elincinci lamathumbu apho i-diverticulum ikhoyo uze udibanise kwakhona amacandelo amabini asele amathumbu.
Khumbula, uninzi lwabantu aludingi kutyando. Utyando lwenziwa kuphela kwabo baneempawu kunye neengxaki.
Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba akukho zimpawu, ukuba iskeni siqinisekisa ukuba umntwana omncinci unezicubu zesisu ngaphakathi kweli candelo, ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe utyando ukuze kuthintelwe iingxaki zexesha elizayo.
Ixesha elininzi, olu tyando lwenziwa nge-laparoscopically. Oko kukuthi, utyando lwenziwa ngaphandle kokwenza umsikelo omkhulu esiswini, kodwa ngokusikwa okuncinci, apho kufakwa ikhamera nezixhobo. Oku kubangela ukuphola ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuncipha kwamanxeba.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando?
Ixesha lokuchacha emva kotyando lidla ngokuba lifutshane. Ukuba wenze utyando lwe-laparoscopic, uya kuphila ngokupheleleyo kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu. Ukuba wenze utyando oluvulekileyo, kungathatha iiveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo. Kukho umngcipheko omncinci weengxaki ezincinci, ezifana nosulelo, emva kotyando, malunga ne-5%. Nangona kunjalo, xa utyando luphumelele, le ngxaki ye-Meckel's diverticulum ayisayi kuphinda ikukhathaze okanye ikukhathaze umntwana wakho.
Ukuba akukho zimpawu, ngaba kufuneka ndikhathazeke ngale nto?
Hayi. Uninzi lwabantu alunangxaki ngale nto. Yi-2% kuphela eya kuba neengxaki. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi oku. Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nineentlungu zesisu ezingaziwayo, ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya, okanye igazi eliphuma esitulweni, bonani ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Ukuba anizange nibe neengxaki njengomntu omdala, kukho ithuba elihle lokuba aniyi kuba neengxaki kwixesha elizayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Meckel's diverticulum sisifo esiqhelekileyo, esidla ngokungenabungozi, esibangelwa kukuzalwa.
- Abantu abaninzi baphila ubomi babo bonke bengazi nokuba banale ngxaki.
- Iimpawu aziqhelekanga. Oku kunokucingelwa ukuba abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala banegazi elingenabuhlungu kwindle yabo okanye iintlungu zesisu ezingachazwanga .
- Ukuba ubona ezi mpawu, ungoyiki kwaye ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuba kukho iimpawu, utyando lunokuyinyanga ngokupheleleyo le meko.
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