Ingaba umntwana wakho ulahlekelwa ngamalungu ngequbuliso? Ngaba kufuneka siqaphele le AFM (Acute Flaccid Myelitis)?

Khawucinge nje, umntwana wakho omncinci ebedlala ukusukela kusasa, aze ngokuhlwa athi, 'Mama/Tata, andikwazi ukuphakamisa ingalo yam', okanye xa ehamba, umlenze wakhe uphelelwa ngamandla aze amrhuqele phantsi. Ungayicinga indlela evakalelwa ngayo ngelo xesha? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko yemithambo-luvo engaqhelekanga kodwa enzima kakhulu enokubangela ukuba amalungu omzimba abantwana bethu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha abantu abadala, aphelelwe ngamandla. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -AFM (Acute Flaccid Myelitis) . Oku kusenokuba kutsha kuwe xa usiva oku. Ngoko masithethe ngako ngokweenkcukacha.

Yintoni le sifo sitsha, i-AFM (Acute Flaccid Myelitis)?

Ngamafutshane, i-AFM (Acute Flaccid Myelitis) sisifo semithambo-luvo esingaqhelekanga kodwa esibi kakhulu. Okwenzekayo koku kukuba ezinye zezihlunu zethu kunye neempendulo zethu zibuthathaka ngequbuliso. Ngokuchanekileyo, ziba 'zii-flaccid' , oko kuthetha ukuba azinabomi. Ezi mpawu zinokuvela ngequbuliso, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zinokuchaphazela nokukwazi ukuphefumla. Yiyo loo nto iyingozi kangaka.

Ubusazi na ukuba intambo yethu yomqolo ifana neziko lonxibelelwano eliphambili lomzimba wethu? Ineenxalenye ezimbini, enye 'yi-grey matter' kwaye enye 'yi-white matter'. Kule meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-AFM, i-grey matter ichaphazeleka kakhulu. Le ngwevu yindawo apho kukho iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezilawula iintshukumo zethu zemisipha. Ngoko khawucinge ukuba kwenzeka ntoni xa into efana nokudumba, oko kukuthi, ukudumba, isenzeka kwindawo ebaluleke kangaka? Kulapho izihlunu zingafumani imiyalezo efanelekileyo, kwaye ngequbuliso ziba buthathaka kwaye zingaphili. Enyanisweni, inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo ephakathi , oko kukuthi, le ngwevu engqondweni nakwintambo yomqolo, yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kuthi ukuze sisebenze ngokuqhelekileyo.

Olu xilongo, i-AFM, lutsha kakhulu. Oogqirha nabaphandi baluchaza okokuqala ngo-2014. Ngaphambi koko, abantu ababebonisa iimpawu ezinje babehlelwa njengabanenye imeko ye-neurological ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Transverse Myelitis."

Ingaba i-AFM iyafana ne-Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) abantu abaninzi abayaziyo? Ngaba yahlukile?

Ewe, lo ngumbuzo obalulekileyo. Zombini i-AFM kunye ne -Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) zizifo ze-neurological ezingaqhelekanga, ezibuthathaka izihlunu. Kodwa kukho umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kwezi zimbini.

Kwi -GBS , inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela, inkqubo esikhusela kwizifo, ihlasela ngempazamo imithambo-luvo yethu engaphandle . Le mithambo-luvo engaphandle yimithambo-luvo ehamba ukusuka kwinkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo ephakathi ukuya kwimilenze yethu nakwamanye amalungu omzimba. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yimpendulo yokuzikhusela komzimba . Kodwa kwi-AFM, ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo izinto ezingwevu kwintambo yomqolo.

Omnye umahluko kukuba kwi-GBS, ubuthathaka bemisipha budla ngokuqala emilenzeni buze busasazeke emzimbeni ongaphezulu. Kwi-AFM, ubuthathaka bemisipha bunokuqala ezingalweni okanye emilenzeni. Ngamanye amaxesha, bunokuchaphazela ingalo okanye umlenze omnye kwicala elinye.

Okubalulekileyo kukuba, i-AFM idla ngokuchaphazela abantwana abancinci , ingakumbi abo baphakathi kweminyaka eli-1 neli-7 ubudala. I-GBS ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-40 ubudala. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukukhumbula la mahluko.

Ngubani onokuthi aphuhlise i-AFM?

Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, malunga ne-90% yezigulana ze-AFM ngabantwana abancinci . Ichaphazela kakhulu abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka omnye ukuya kwesixhenxe ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, oko akuthethi ukuba abantu abadala abanakuyifumana. Nangona ingaqhelekanga, abantu abadala nabo banokuyifumana i-AFM. Ke ngoko, kulungile ukuba wonke umntu azi iimpawu.

Kuqheleke kangakanani oku? Injani imeko eSri Lanka?

I-AFM sisifo esingaqhelekanga . Umzekelo, abaphandi eMelika baqikelela ukuba ngaphantsi komnye kwisigidi sabantu abafumana i-AFM minyaka le. Nangona kunjalo, nangona ingaqhelekanga, kukho ukwanda okuncinci kwinani lamatyala e-AFM abikiweyo kutshanje.

Esi sifo sidla ngokuxelwa kwiindidi kwiindawo ezithile zejografi. Kwakhona, kuye kwabonwa indlela ethile yexesha lonyaka, ingakumbi indlela eyenzeka emva kweminyaka emibini. Umzekelo, iindidi ezinjalo zezigulane zaxelwa eCalifornia ngo-2012 naseColorado ngo-2014. Ukuba sithetha ngemeko eSri Lanka, ekubeni oku kunqabile kakhulu, kusekho ukunqongophala kwedatha ecacileyo malunga neengxelo kwilizwe lethu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba into efana nale iyanda ndaweni ithile emhlabeni, kubalulekile ukuba siyiqaphele.

Zithini iimpawu ze-AFM? Ifunyaniswa njani?

Iimpawu ze-AFM zihlala zibonakala ngequbuliso . Zinokuba nzima kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, ngamanye amaxesha kwiiyure. Iimpawu eziphambili zezi:

• Ukulahlekelwa yimvakalelo ngequbuliso engalweni okanye emlenzeni: Olu lolona phawu lubalulekileyo noluyingozi. Isenokuba yingalo enye okanye umlenze, okanye zombini iingalo okanye imilenze yomibini.
• Ukulahlekelwa yimisipha: Izihlunu zivakala zikhululekile kakhulu xa uzichukumisa.
• Ukulahlekelwa zii-reflexes/areflexia: Oogqirha babetha idolo ngesando esincinci, kwaye ezo reflexes ziyanyamalala.
• Ukulahlekelwa kukulungelelana nokulinganisela: Usenokuziva ungaqinisekanga xa uhamba kwaye usenokungakwazi ukulawula umzimba wakho ngokufanelekileyo.

Ezi zezona mpawu ziphambili zibonwayo. Ukongeza kwezi, ezinye iimpawu zinokuvela:

• Ubunzima bokuhambisa amehlo okanye iinkophe ezigobileyo.
• Ukuwa kwelinye icala lobuso okanye ubuthathaka bemisipha yobuso.
• Ubunzima bokuginya (dysphagia).
• Intetho engacacanga.
• Intlungu ezingalweni, emilenzeni, entanyeni, okanye emqolo.
• Ukungakwazi ukulawula umchamo kunye nokukhupha indle.

I-AFM inokuchaphazela nayiphi na ingalo yakho, imilenze, okanye onke amalungu amane. Nangona kunjalo, idla ngokuchaphazela amalungu angaphezulu , ezizandla.

Ubunzima bokuphefumla - oku kuyingozi kakhulu!

Ngamanye amaxesha, i-AFM inokuchaphazela nezihlunu ezibalulekileyo ekuphefumleni kwethu . Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kunokukhokelela kwimeko eyingozi kakhulu ebizwa ngokuba kukusilela kokuphefumla . Oku kusongela ubomi, ngoko ke kufuneka uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza .

Iimpawu zokungakwazi ukuphefumla zezi:

• Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza nangokunganzulu.
• Ukudinwa kakhulu kunye nokozela.
• Ukungazoli.

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nifumana naziphi na iimpawu ze-AFM, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngoko nangoko. Musa ukulinda, kuba oku kunokuba yingozi ngokukhawuleza.

Kutheni le nto i-AFM yenzeka? Yintoni unobangela?

Abaphandi abakayazi kakuhle into ebangela i-AFM. Nangona kunjalo, bakholelwa ukuba kukho iintsholongwane , ingakumbi ii-enterovirus ezingezizo zepoliyo . Abantu abaninzi abafumana i-AFM banesifo sokuphefumla esincinci, njengomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane, ngaphambi kokuba babe neempawu.

Abaphandi kunye noogqirha bafumanise iintlobo ezimbini zeentsholongwane, ngakumbi i-Enterovirus D68 kunye ne-Enterovirus A71, kwizigulane ezininzi ze-AFM. I-Enterovirus D68 idla ngokubangela izifo zokuphefumla kwaye yaziwa ngokusasazeka phantse rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini ehlotyeni nasekwindla kumazwe afana ne-United States.

Ungayixilonga njani ngokuchanekileyo i-AFM? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ukuchonga i-AFM kunokuba nzima koogqirha kuba sisifo esingaqhelekanga kwaye iimpawu zaso ziyafana nezinye izifo zemithambo-luvo ezifana ne-Transverse Myelitis, i-Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS), kunye ne -Polio .

Ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho kunye nembali yakho yezonyango. Emva koko banokuyalela okanye benze iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa i-AFM kunye nokuthintela ezinye iimeko. Ezi mvavanyo ziquka:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba.
• Uvavanyo lwe-neurological.
• I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) yomqolo kunye nobuchopho: Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo lokuqinisekisa i-AFM. Ingajonga utshintsho (njengokudumba) kwi-grey matter yomqolo.
• Ukubethelwa komqolo/ukubhajwa kweLumbar: Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli yolwelo lomgogodla (CSF) uze uyijonge ukuba akukho zimpawu zokudumba.
• Uvavanyo lokuphendula kwemithambo-luvo:Umzekelo `(Izifundo zokuqhuba imithambo-luvo)`.
• Uvavanyo lokuphendula kwemisipha: Umzekelo, i-Electromyography (EMG).

Ugqirha ufikelela kwisigqibo emva kokwenza zonke ezi mvavanyo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-AFM? Ngaba inganyangeka?

Ngelishwa, akukho nyango lwe-AFM okwangoku . Ke ngoko, injongo ephambili yonyango kukulawula iimpawu nokukunceda ukuba uphile kangangoko unako. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, kungcono ukubona ugqirha wezifo zengqondo onamava kwaye ophanda nge-AFM.

Unyango lomzimba kunye nonyango lomsebenzi kubalulekile ekubuthathaka kwamalungu omzimba. Oku kunceda ukuqinisa izihlunu kunye nokuphucula intshukumo. Iingcali ze-neurologists zihlala zicebisa ezinye iindlela zonyango ezisekelwe kwiimfuno zesigulana ngasinye. Umzekelo, utyando lwemithambo-luvo olujikeleze umzimba, oluthintela ukuphelelwa yimisipha, luye lwaphumelela kwezinye izigulana ze-AFM.

Ngenxa yokuba i-AFM sisifo esingaqhelekanga nesisandula ukwenzeka, izazinzulu noogqirha basenezinto ezininzi ekufuneka bazifunde ngesi sifo kunye nonyango lwaso. Ngoko ke uphando luyaqhubeka.

Ngaba ikho indlela yokuthintela i-AFM ukuba ingaphuhli?

Ekubeni unobangela ochanekileyo we-AFM ungaziwa, akukho ndlela ithile yokuyithintela .

Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni iintsholongwane ezininzi, kuquka ii-enterovirus, kucingelwa ukuba zidibene ne-AFM, singayinciphisa ingozi ngandlela ithile ngokuthatha amanyathelo okuzikhusela kwiintsholongwane. Ezi ziquka:

• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi rhoqo. Ingakumbi ngaphambi nasemva kokutya, emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, emva kokuchukumisa isilwanyana, nasemva kokunyamekela umntu ogulayo.
• Kuphephe ukuchukumisa ubuso bakho ngezandla ezingahlanjwanga.
• Kuphephe ukusondelana nabantu abagulayo.
• Fumana zonke iigonyo ezicetyiswayo ngexesha.
• Gcina iindawo eziphathwa rhoqo (ezifana neetafile, izibambo zomnyango) zicocekile kwaye sebenzisa isibulali-ntsholongwane.

Ukulandela le mikhwa ilula yezempilo kuya kukunceda ukhuseleke kwizifo ezininzi.

Liyintoni ikamva ukuba uphuhlisa i-AFM? (Ingqikelelo)

Ngenxa yokuba i-AFM sisifo esisandul’ ukufunyaniswa, abaphandi abakayazi kakuhle into eza kwenzeka kwixesha elide kwabo banesifo.

Nangona kunjalo, izigulane ezininzi ziyaphucuka kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha ngonyango oluqhubekayo, olufana nonyango lomzimba . Ngaphantsi kwe-10% yezigulane ze-AFM ezichacha ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi babonisa ukuphucuka, ngoko ke ayingombono ulungileyo ukulahla ithemba.

Ziziphi ezinye iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngenxa ye-AFM?

Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, i-AFM inokuchaphazela izihlunu ezifunekayo ukuze umntu aphefumle. Oku kunokukhokelela ekungakwazini ukuphefumla , imeko efuna unyango olungxamisekileyo. Abantu abangakwaziyo ukuphefumla banokufuna oomatshini (`ii-ventilators`) ukubanceda baphefumle. Malunga nesithathu sabantu abane-AFM bafuna i-intubation kunye ne -mechanical ventilation .

Ukongeza, i-AFM inokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu zemithambo-luvo, ezifana notshintsho kubushushu bomzimba, ukungazinzi koxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwesantya sentliziyo. Ezi zinokuba yingozi ebomini.

Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nifumana ezi mpawu.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ngequbuliso nifumana ubuthathaka bemisipha engalweni enye, emlenzeni omnye, okanye emalungwini aliqela , funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko . I-AFM sisifo esinokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye sibangele ubunzima bokuphefumla. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukwenza ngokukhawuleza, ungoyiki.

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nifunyaniswe ukuba nine-AFM, kuya kufuneka nibone iqela lezonyango rhoqo ukuze nifumane unyango, olufana nonyango lomzimba, kwaye nijonge iimpawu zenu.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke ndiyathemba ukuba kwinto esiyithethileyo, ufumene ukuqonda okuthile nge-AFM (Acute Flaccid Myelitis). Khumbula, nangona esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga, kusabalulekile kakhulu ukusazi.

• Ubuthathaka bemisipha ngequbuliso asinto ifanele ithathwe lula, ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci. Kwimeko ezinjalo, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Nangona kungekho nyango luthile lwe-AFM, kukho unyango lokulawula iimpawu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi . Izinto ezifana nonyango lomzimba zibaluleke kakhulu.
• Abaphandi kunye noogqirha basafunda nge-AFM, ngoko ke kungcono ukuthembela kwiingcebiso zikagqirha wakho kwaye ulandele iingcebiso zonyango lwabo .

Sonke masikhathalele impilo yabantwana bethu neyethu. Ukuqaphela izifo ezingaqhelekanga ezifana nezi kusenza sikwazi ukuthatha amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza xa kuyimfuneko.

I- AFM, i-Acute Flaccid Myelitis, Ubuthathaka beMisipha, Izifo zeNeurological, Izifo zabantwana, i-Spinal Cord, ii-virus, ii-Enterovirus, i-Respiratory Distress, i-Paralysis