Ngaba ugqirha wakho wakha wakuxelela ukuba "ulawule ukutya kwakho"? Mhlawumbi kungenxa yesifo seswekile, i-cholesterol, uxinzelelo lwegazi, okanye esinye isifo. Enyanisweni, olu "lawulo lokutya" alupheleli nje ekunciphiseni irayisi okanye ukuyeka ukutya iilekese. Yindlela yonyango enzulu kakhulu, esekelwe kwisayensi. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yiMedical Nutrition Therapy , okanye (MNT) ngamafutshane. Kufana nesicwangciso sokutya esenzelwe ngokukodwa esinceda ukulawula iimpawu ngelixa sibonelela umzimba wakho ngesondlo esisidingayo, ngendlela ehambelana nesifo sakho.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iMedical Nutrition Therapy (MNT)?
Khawucinge nje, njengokuba ugqirha ekunike amayeza esigulo sakho, oku kwenzeka xa elungisa indlela otya ngayo ukuze akuncede uphile kweso sigulo. Oku akusiyo nje indlela yokutya oyifumana kwi-intanethi. Oku kwenziwa yingcali yezesondlo ebhalisiweyo efumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo kwaye efanelekile kweli candelo.
Uza kusebenza nawe kunye neqela lakho lezempilo, kuquka nogqirha wakho onyangayo, ukuze baqale bamisele iimfuno zakho zempilo kunye neenjongo zakho zobuqu. Emva koko, baza kukwenzela isicwangciso sokondla esenzelwe wena. Injongo yesi sicwangciso kukuphucula impilo yakho ngokubonelela umzimba wakho ngamanqanaba afanelekileyo ee-micronutrients kunye nee-macronutrients ozifunayo. Uza kukunceda ukuphumeza esi sicwangciso.
Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango lwe-MNT ukunceda ukulawula izifo ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye nesifo sezintso. Lunokongeza amayeza akho akhoyo. Kwezinye iimeko, lunokukunceda uphephe ukuthatha amayeza. Lubalulekile nakubantu abaneengxaki zempilo ezibathintela ekuginyeni okanye ekugayeni ukutya ngokufanelekileyo.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho, unyango lwe-MNT lunokubonakala ngolu hlobo:
- Ukumisa okanye ukunciphisa ukutya okuthile. (Umzekelo, ukuxelela isigulana sezintso ukuba sinciphise ukutya okune-potassium eninzi njengeebhanana kunye neeorenji.)
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukutya okuthile kunye nezondlo zityiwa ngobuninzi obaneleyo . (Umzekelo, ukuxelela umntu one-anemia ukuba atye imifuno, inyama kunye nentlanzi etyebileyo kwi-iron.)
- Ukuthatha izongezo zesondlo .
- Ukondla nge-saline (Parenteral Nutrition) okanye ukondla ngetyhubhu (Enteral Nutrition) .
Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukuchazela oku ngokweenkcukacha.
Zeziphi izifo ezinceda kwi-MNT?
Unyango lwezondlo lwezonyango lunokunceda ekulawuleni izifo ezininzi. Itheyibhile engasezantsi iya kukunika umbono olungileyo ngayo.
| Udidi lwezifo | Imizekelo |
|---|---|
| Isifo sezintso | Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo (CKD) |
| Izifo zenkqubo yokuphefumla | Isifo Esingapheliyo Sokuqanda Amaphaphu (i-COPD) |
| Izifo zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya | Isifo seCeliac, Isifo sikaCrohn, Isifo samathumbu esirhawuzelelwayo (IBS), I-Ulcerative Colitis |
| Isifo seswekile kunye neemeko ezinxulumene naso | Isifo seswekile (Uhlobo 1, Uhlobo 2 kunye nesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa), i-Prediabetes |
| Isifo sentliziyo | Ukumelwa yintliziyo |
| Uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye ne-cholesterol | Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-cholesterol ephezulu, ii-triglycerides eziphezulu |
| Ukunqongophala kwesondlo kunye nobunzima | Ukungondleki kakuhle - ingakumbi kwizigulane ezinomhlaza, ukutyeba kakhulu kunye nokutyeba kakhulu |
Ngubani obonelela ngolu nyango?
Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Unyango lwezondlo lwezonyango lunikezelwa ziiRegistered Dietitians (RDs) . Bangoochwephesha bezonyango abanolwazi olukhethekileyo noqeqesho kweli candelo. Ke ngoko, banokukunika ulwalathiso oluthembekileyo nolukhuselekileyo.
Ngamanye amaxesha abantu abazibiza ngokuba "ziingcali zezondlo" basenokungabi nalo olu hlobo loqeqesho olunzulu, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisana ne-RD ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana iingcebiso ezichanekileyo nezixhaswa ngugqirha.
Ingcali yakho yesondlo iza kusebenza nabanye ababoneleli bezempilo, njengogqirha wakho kunye nabongikazi, ukwenza isicwangciso sakho sesondlo. Baza kuba lapho ukukunceda kuyo yonke inyathelo.
Le nkqubo yonyango yenzeka njani?
Kukho amanyathelo amaninzi alandelwa ziingcali zesondlo xa zibonelela ngolu nyango. Oku kunokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Umzekelo, ukuba ulaliswe esibhedlele unesifo esinzulu, usenokungakwazi ukuthatha inxaxheba kule nkqubo ekuqaleni. Ukuba umntwana wakho ufuna i-MNT, nguwe oza kuthetha nengcali yesondlo kwaye uququzelele umsebenzi.
Nazi ezo nyathelo:
1. Uvavanyo lweSondlo
Eli linyathelo lokuqala. Kulapho ingcali yakho yesondlo ifunda khona ngawe kunye neemfuno zakho zesondlo. Bajonga izinto ezifana neerekhodi zakho zonyango, iingxelo zelebhu, njl. Kodwa elo licala elinye kuphela lebali. Oko ukuthethayo nako kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ingcali yakho yesondlo iza kuthetha nawe ize izame ukufunda ngakumbi ngeemfuno zakho, iinjongo zakho kunye nezinto ozithandayo. Basenokukubuza imibuzo efana nale:
- Udla ngokutya ntoni ngemini?
- Ngaba unayo nayiphi na i-allergies yokutya?
- Indlela ophila ngayo kunye nemvelaphi yakho yenkcubeko ikuchaphazela njani ukutya nokusela kwakho?
- Zeziphi iingxaki ojongene nazo ekulungiseleleni nasekufumaneni ukutya? (umz., ukunqongophala kwexesha, ubunzima bezemali)
- Kokuphi ukutya okulula ukukufumana nokungafumaneki lula kwindawo okuyo?
2. Ukuxilongwa kweZondlo
Oku akufani nokuxilongwa kwakho ngugqirha (umz. isifo seswekile). Oku kwahlukile. Apha, ingcali yesondlo igxile kwingxaki enxulumene nesondlo sakho.
Umzekelo, usenokuba utya kakhulu izondlo, ezifana neecarbohydrate, okanye awanelanga. Ingcali yezondlo iza kuchonga unobangela wale ngxaki, kunye neempawu ozifumanayo kwiingxelo zelebhu.
3. Ungenelelo lweZondlo
Ngoku, ngokusekelwe kuvavanyo kunye nokuxilongwa okwenziwe apha ngasentla, ingcali yesondlo iza kwenza isicwangciso sokusombulula ingxaki. Uza kukuchazela into ekufuneka uyenze ukuze uphumeze isicwangciso. Umzekelo, uza kukuxelela ngotshintsho ekufuneka ulwenze kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla. Uza kukuxelela nokuba kufuneka udibane kangaphi nengcali yesondlo, mhlawumbi neentlanganiso zeqela.
4. Ukubeka iliso kunye novavanyo lwesondlo
Wakuba uqalile isicwangciso, ingcali yesondlo iya kukujonga rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ihamba kakuhle. Iya kuhlola iingxelo zakho zelebhu, ikubuze ukuba unjani, ize ithethe nabanye oogqirha bakho.
Ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba kukho into engahambi kakuhle, okanye ukuba unemibuzo, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ingcali yakho yesondlo. Uza kuphendula imibuzo yakho aze alungise isicwangciso ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Zithini iingenelo ze-MNT?
Zininzi iingenelo onokuzifumana kunyango lwezondlo lwezonyango. Akusiyo nje indlela yokutya, lutyalo-mali olubalulekileyo kuhambo lwakho lwempilo-ntle.
| Inzuzo | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ulawulo lweempawu | Ungafumana isondlo osidingayo ukuze unciphise iimpawu okanye iziphumo zemeko yakho. |
| Ukuphepha ukunqongophala kwesondlo | Ungafumana izondlo ongenakuzifumana ekutyeni okuqhelekileyo wedwa. |
| Ukuphucula iiparameter zonyango | Ngokunyusa izinto ezifana ne-cholesterol kunye namanqanaba eswekile kumanqanaba aphilileyo, ungakuphepha ukusebenzisa amayeza okanye ukonyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamayeza. |
| Ukunika umzimba amandla | Ungondla umzimba wakho nokuba inkqubo yakho yokwetyisa ayisebenzi kakuhle. |
| Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila | Ungafunda indlela yokoyisa imiqobo yokutya okunesondlo. Ungafunda iindlela zokubandakanya umthambo kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla. |
| Ubhaliso olusebenzayo | Ukwanalo nethuba lokufaka isandla kwinkqubo yokukhusela impilo yakho. |
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi kolu nyango?
Iingozi zixhomekeke kwindlela otyiswa ngayo.
- Isondlo sabazali: Kukho umngcipheko wokosuleleka kwegazi.
- Ukondla ngetyhubhu: Kukho umngcipheko wokosuleleka kwindawo efakwe kuyo ityhubhu, okanye iingxaki zokugaya ukutya ezifana nokuqhina, isicaphucaphu, okanye urhudo.
- Utshintsho kwindlela yokutya: Le yinto ekhuselekileyo kakhulu kwaye engenabungozi kangako ukuyenza ukuba ukwenza oku phantsi kwesikhokelo sengcali yesondlo. Baza kukwazisa kwangaphambili malunga notshintsho oza kuluva xa utshintsha indlela otya ngayo.
Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukuchazela ngakumbi ngayo nayiphi na ingozi enjalo kunye nendlela yokulawula.
Izinto onokuzenza ukuze olu hambo lube lula
Ingcali yakho yesondlo iza kukunceda wenze olu nyango lufikeleleke kuwe. Baza kuzama ukuqonda izinto ozithandayo. Baza kufuna nokwazi ukuba kukho naziphi na izithintelo ekufikeleleni usukelo lwakho.
Umzekelo, mhlawumbi akukho kutya kusempilweni kwindawo okuyo. Okanye mhlawumbi udiniwe kakhulu ukuba ungapheka xa ufika ekhaya uvela emsebenzini emva kwexesha. Ukuvuleleka kwingcali yesondlo sakho malunga nayo nayiphi na imingeni ojongene nayo kunokukunceda ufumane izisombululo kunye.
Kunganceda nokubhala phantsi izinto ozityayo noziselayo yonke imihla kunye nexesha ozitya ngalo. Kwakhona, bhala phantsi izinto ozithandayo nongazithandiyo malunga nendlela otya ngayo ngoku.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Unyango lweZondlo lwezonyango (MNT) alulonyango nje kuphela, lunyango olusekelwe kwisayensi olusetyenziselwa ukulawula izifo.
- Olu nyango lwenzelwe wena . Luya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, indlela ophila ngayo, kunye neenjongo zakho.
- Olu nyango lufanele lufunyanwe kuphela kwingcali yezesondlo ebhalisiweyo efumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo kweli candelo.
- I-MNT yindlela esebenzayo kakhulu yokulawula izifo ezininzi ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo sezintso, kunye ne-cholesterol.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nesicwangciso sakho sesondlo, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye ingcali yesondlo malunga naloo nto ngokukhululekileyo.
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