Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi isifuba sakho siyabetha, unengxaki yokuphefumla nokuba uhamba umgama omfutshane, okanye uzive udiniwe imini yonke? Nangona abantu abaninzi becinga ukuba ezi zizinto eziqhelekileyo, ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho ingxaki encinci entliziyweni emva koku. I-Mitral Valve Prolapse yimeko ebonwa ngabantu abaninzi, kodwa ayisoloko iyingozi. Makhe sithethe ngale nto namhlanje.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iMitral Valve Prolapse (MVP)?
Cinga ngentliziyo yakho njengendlu enamagumbi amane. Kukho iingcango phakathi kwala magumbi ezivumela igazi ukuba liphume liye phambili nangasemva. Ezi ngcango zezo sizibiza ngokuba "ziivalufu" kwezonyango. Zifana neengcango ezivula indlela enye kuphela.
I-Mitral Valve lucango oluphakathi kwegumbi eliphezulu (i-atrium yasekhohlo) kunye negumbi elisezantsi (i-ventricle yasekhohlo) kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo yakho. Le valve iyavula kwaye ivale rhoqo xa intliziyo yakho ibetha, ilawula ukuhamba kwegazi elineoksijini kwicala elifanelekileyo.
I-Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP) yimeko apho amaphetshana amabini ale valve engavali kakuhle kodwa endaweni yoko agobe ngasemva, aye kwi-atrium yasekhohlo. Kufana nocango olungavali kakuhle kwaye lugobe kancinci ngasemva. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokuthintela ivalvu ukuba ingavali ngokupheleleyo.
Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Le yimeko eqhelekileyo kakhulu, echaphazela phakathi kwe-2% kunye ne-3% yabemi behlabathi. Abantu abaninzi abazi nokuba banayo kuba abanazo iimpawu. Kungenxa yokuba ivalvu igobile kancinci, kodwa isasebenza kakuhle.
Zeziphi iimpawu umntu one-MVP anokuzibona?
Nangona uninzi lwabantu lungenazo iimpawu, abanye abantu banokuba nazo ezi zinto. Ezi mpawu azibonakali ngendlela efanayo kubo bonke abantu.
| Uphawu | Indlela oziva ngayo |
|---|---|
| Iintlungu zesifuba | Isenokungavakali ngathi yintlungu yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, kodwa inokuvakala ngathi kukungonwabi okanye ukuqina kwesifuba. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea) | Ingakumbi xa udiniwe, kuvakala ngathi uza kuwa xa unyuka izinyuko. |
| Isiyezi | Usenokuziva unesizungu xa umi, kwaye amehlo akho asenokuziva ngathi ajika abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. |
| Ukudinwa | Ukudinwa nokudinwa imini yonke ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo | Uzive ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza ngequbuliso, isifuba sakho "siyabetha," okanye sibetha kube kanye size siyeke. |
Kodwa khumbula oku: Ukuba neempawu akuthethi ukuba imeko yakho imbi kakhulu. Kwakhona, abanye abantu basenokungabi nazo naziphi na iimpawu nokuba imeko imbi kakhulu. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngazo naziphi na izinto ezikuxhalabisayo.
Kutheni kusenzeka into enje?
Eyona nto ibangela i-MVP kukungabi namandla kwezicubu zevalvu. Ngokwezonyango, oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"myxomatous degeneration". Ngamafutshane, izicubu zevalvu ziba buthathaka kwaye zoluleke, njengebhanti yerabha endala. Isizathu esichanekileyo asisoloko sifumaneka.
- Ufuzo: Ngamanye amaxesha ukuba lusebenza kusapho, lunokuchaphazela nabantwana. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho impembelelo yemfuza.
- Ezinye iimeko zonyango: Abantu abaneengxaki ezithile zezicubu ezidityanisiweyo basengozini enkulu yokufumana i-MVP. Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne-Marfan syndrome kunye ne-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.
- Ezinye izinto ezibangela umngcipheko: Abantu abaneengxaki ezifana nesifo sentliziyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-rheumatic heart disease, i-scoliosis, kunye nesifo sikaGraves nabo basengozini enkulu kancinci.
Ngaba oku kungabangela ezinye iingxaki?
Nangona uninzi lwabantu lungenazo iingxaki, abanye abantu, ingakumbi abo baneengxaki ezinzulu, banokufumana iingxaki ezithile.
Ingxaki ephambili yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yiMitral Regurgitation . Oku kwenzeka xa ivalvu ingavaleki kakuhle, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igazi livuza kwicala elingalunganga, ukusuka kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo ukuya kwi-atrium yasekhohlo. Ukuba oku kuvuza kuyanda, intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima.
Ukuba i-Mitral Regurgitation iba nzima, ezi ngxaki zilandelayo zinokwenzeka:
- Ukumelwa yintliziyo
- Usulelo lwevalvu (`i-Infective endocarditis`)
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga, umzekelo `(Atrial fibrillation)`
- Istroke
- Amaxesha amaninzi, ukungahambelani kakuhle kwesantya sentliziyo (`Ventricular arrhythmias`) kunokukhokelela ekufeni ngequbuliso kwentliziyo.
Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?
Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho kunye nokuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onesifo sentliziyo na. Emva koko uza kumamela esifubeni sakho nge-stethoscope.
Xa ephulaphula intliziyo yomntu one-MVP, ugqirha usenokuva isandi esahlukileyo. Sisandi esithi 'click', silandelwe sisandi esithi 'whoosh' (i-murmur) . Yingakho abanye abantu bebiza esi simo ngokuthi 'click-murmur syndrome'.
Ukuba uyayiva le ngxolo, ugqirha wakho uya kucebisa ezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa imeko kunye nokufumanisa ubukhali bayo.
| Uvavanyo | Wenza ntoni ngale nto? |
|---|---|
| I-Echocardiogram | Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo nolubalulekileyo. Lufana nokuskena komntwana. Lusebenzisa amaza esandi ukuze lubone ngokucacileyo ulwakhiwo lwentliziyo, indlela esebenza ngayo iivalvu, kunye nokuba ingaba lingakanani na igazi elivuzayo. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini: iTransthoracic (eyenziwa ngesifuba) kunye neTransesophageal (eyenziwa ngetyhubhu encinci ehla emqaleni). |
| I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram) | Umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo, okanye isingqisho sentliziyo, uyajongwa. Oku kunceda ekufumaneni naziphi na iingxaki kwisingqisho sentliziyo. |
| I-X-reyi yesifuba | Ungajonga ukuba intliziyo ikhulu na okanye ulwelo luqokelelene emiphungeni. |
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lwabantu abane-MVP abadingi naluphi na unyango . Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba uze rhoqo ukuze uhlolwe. Kwezo tyelelo, uza kwenza i-echocardiogram ukubona ukuba imeko yevalvu itshintshile na.
- Amayeza okuthintela iimpawu: Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nesiyezi kunye nentlungu yesifuba, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza anjenge-beta-blockers ukuze azilawule.
- Amayeza okuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi: Ukuba unesifo esifana ne-atrial fibrillation okanye ukhe waba nestroke ngaphambili, uza kunikwa amayeza abizwa ngokuba zii-anticoagulants ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi.
- Utyando: Ukuba ukuphinda kubuye kubuhlungu kwaye kuchaphazela intliziyo, utyando lunokufuneka.
- Ukulungiswa kwevalvu yeMitral: Nanini na xa kunokwenzeka, oogqirha baya kuzama ukulungisa ivalvu yakho. Olu lolona khetho lufanelekileyo.
- Ukutshintshwa kwevalvu yeMitral: Ukuba ivalvu yonakele kakhulu ukuba ingalungiswa, ukhetho kukuyitshintsha ngevalvu entsha (yoomatshini okanye yebhayoloji).
Ngobuchwepheshe obuphambili bale mihla, olu tyando lunokwenziwa ngotyando oluncinci (utyando olungenasithintelo kangako) ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba ngokupheleleyo.
Ndingazi njani ukuba ndiza kufuna utyando nam?
Ayinguye wonke umntu one-MVP odinga utyando. Malunga nomntu omnye kwabalishumi kuya kufuneka atyando. Ungadinga utyando ukuba:
- Ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha .
- Ukuba ivalvu ivuza igazi (i-regurgitation) kwinqanaba elibi kakhulu .
- Ukuba iiskeni zibonisa ukuba intliziyo ikhulisiwe (`i-ventricular yasekhohlo kunye/okanye i-atrial yasekhohlo`).
- Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga (i-arrhythmia).
- Ukuba intliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo emzimbeni (inxalenye yokukhupha igazi iyancipha).
Ndifanele ndifune nini ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza?
Qiniseka ukuba uya rhoqo kuhlolo njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelele. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi mpawu zilandelayo zibonakala ngequbuliso, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko .
- Intlungu yesifuba eqatha ngequbuliso.
- Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, isiyezi esigqithisileyo, okanye ubuthathaka obukhulu.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla ngequbuliso, obuqatha.
- Ukuba usela amayeza athintela ukujiya kwegazi kwaye wenze ingozi efana nokuwa , bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza, nokuba akukho monakalo ubonakalayo ngaphandle, kuba kukho umngcipheko wokopha ngaphakathi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP) yimeko eqhelekileyo kakhulu kwaye idla ngokuba yingxaki, ngoko ke musa ukoyika ukuba ufumanisa ukuba unayo.
- Musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu ezinje ngokuxinana kwesifuba kunye nokuphefumla kancinci. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo.
- Njengoko ugqirha esitsho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya kuhlolwa rhoqo kwaye wenze ii-ultrasound. Ngale ndlela, unokwazi kwangaphambili ukuba imeko iya isiba mandundu na.
- Ukuba unyango luyadingeka, ingakumbi utyando lokulungisa iivalvu, ngoku luphumelele kakhulu. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, ungaphila ubomi obusempilweni ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo yentliziyo (ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya) kuya kuhlala kunceda impilo yentliziyo yakho.
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