Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva udiniwe kakhulu, amalungu akho ayaqaqamba, kwaye iminwe yakho idumbile? Ngezinye iintsuku ufumana irhashalala lolusu, kwaye ngezinye iintsuku uzive uphelelwa ngumphefumlo. Ezi mpawu zinokufana nezezinye izifo, ngoko usenokuba uzibuza, "Yintoni engalunganga ngam?" Usenokungaqiniseki ukuba esi sisifo esinye okanye indibaniselwano yezifo. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko ebangela uninzi lwezi mpawu kunye, eyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, kodwa kubalulekile ukuyiqonda. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiMixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD).
Kalula nje, yintoni i-MCTD?
I-MCTD sisifo esingaqhelekanga sokuzikhusela komzimba . Kulungile, yintoni ke isifo sokuzikhusela komzimba? Ngamafutshane, sinenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela emzimbeni wethu. Kufana nomkhosi kwilizwe lethu. Umsebenzi wawo kukubona nokuhlasela iintshaba ezifana neentsholongwane, iintsholongwane, kunye neebhaktheriya ezingena emzimbeni zisikhusele kwizifo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ukuzikhusela kwethu kuyaphazama. Endaweni yeentshaba zangaphandle, ziphambanisa izicubu zethu eziphilileyo kunye neeseli "njengeentshaba" kwaye ziqale ukuzihlasela. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba sisifo sokuzikhusela komzimba.
Okwenzekayo kwi-MCTD kukuba iimpawu zezifo ezintathu eziphambili zezicubu ezidityanisiweyo ziyadibana. Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba "zixutyiwe." Ezi zifo zintathu zezi:
- I-Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): Esi sisifo esidla ngokusibiza ngokuba yi-"lupus" ngamafutshane.
- I-Scleroderma: Oku kubonakala kakhulu ngokuqina nokuqina kolusu.
- I-Polymyositis: Oku kubangela ubuthathaka bemisipha kunye nokudumba.
Ukongeza kwezi zifo zintathu ziphambili, abanye abantu banokufumana iimpawu zezinye izifo zezicubu ezidityanisiweyo, ezifana ne -dermatomyositis , i-rheumatoid arthritis , okanye i-Sjögren's syndrome . Yiyo loo nto oogqirha bebiza le meko ngokuthi "yi-Overlap Syndrome," okanye imeko apho izifo ezininzi zidibana khona.
Zithini iimpawu ze-MCTD?
Enye yezona ngxaki zinkulu ngale nto kukuba iimpawu azibonakali ngaxeshanye. Zinokuvela ngokuhamba kwexesha, enye emva kwenye. Ngoko ke kunokuba nzima ukuyiqonda njenge-MCTD kwasekuqaleni. Makhe sijonge iimpawu eziphambili oza kuzibona.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu kwaye ndingenabomi | Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu nangona ndingenzanga nto. Ndiziva ngathi ndilala ebhedini imini yonke. |
| Umkhuhlane ophantsi | Nokuba awunayo ifiva ephezulu, uziva ngathi ufumana ubushushu ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, kwaye umzimba wakho ubuhlungu. |
| Intlungu yamalungu kunye nemisipha | Amalungu ayaqaqamba kwaye adumbe ngaphandle kwesizathu sithile. Izihlunu ziyabuthathaka kwaye zibe buhlungu. |
| Isiganeko sikaRaynaud | Xa zibekwe kwindawo ebandayo (umz. kwigumbi le-AC, ukukhupha into efrijini), ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwiminwe, iinzwane, impumlo, kunye neendlebe kuyehla, oku kuzenza zibe mdaka, zingabi nabomi, zize zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/mfusa. Xa zifudunyezwa kwakhona, zijika zibe bomvu zize zibuyele esiqhelweni. |
| Iminwe ethambileyo | Iminwe ifana neesoseji kwaye idumbile. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kuyaphela emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, kwabanye abantu, ngokuhamba kwexesha, ulusu lweminwe luyaqina, lube buthathaka, kwaye kube nzima ukulugoba (i-sclerodactyly). |
| Irhashalala lolusu | Amabala okanye amabala abomvu okanye abomvu-mdaka anokuvela, ingakumbi emaqatheni. |
I-MCTD ivakalelwa njani ngexesha lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo?
Umntu one-MCTD akasoloko evakalelwa ngendlela efanayo. Ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zinokuphela kwaye zibe zezesiqhelo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha isifo siba sibi ngequbuliso. Oku sikubiza ngokuba 'kukuqhambuka'. Ngamaxesha la, iimpawu zakho zinokuba zimbi kancinci.
- Kunokubakho iintlungu eziqatha kunye nokudumba kwamalungu. Njengomntu one-rheumatoid arthritis, amalungu anokuba lukhuni kwaye abe buhlungu kangangokuba angakwazi ukugoba iminwe yawo kusasa.
- Ingxaki kaRaynaud inokuba nkulu kakhulu. Nokuba umkhuhlane omncinci unokubangela ukuba iminwe ingabi nangqondo ngequbuliso, ingabi nabomi, kwaye itshintshe umbala.
- Usenokuziva udiniwe kakhulu , ngokungathi ubunomkhuhlane kangangeentsuku, unezihlunu ezibuhlungu kwaye uzive ubuthathaka kakhulu ukuba ungenza nantoni na.
Yintoni ebangela i-MCTD? Ngubani osengozini enkulu?
Enyanisweni, abaphandi abakafumani unobangela ochanekileyo we-MCTD. Asisisifo esidluliselwa ngqo kubazali ukuya ebantwaneni, oko kuthetha ukuba sisifo sofuzo. Nangona kunjalo, kufunyenwe ukuba ukuba umntu kusapho unesinye isifo sezicwili ezidityanisiweyo, nabanye banokuba nethuba elincinci lokufumana esi sifo.
Ngaphandle koko, ndicinga ukuba ezinye izinto zangaphandle nazo zinokuba nefuthe koku.
- Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane .
- Ukuvezwa kwiikhemikhali ezithile , ezifana ne-polyvinyl chloride kunye ne-silica.
Nangona esi sifo sinokuvela nakweyiphi na iminyaka, sibonakala kakhulu kubasetyhini abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30 .
Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngenxa ye-MCTD?
I-MCTD ayisosifo samalungu kuphela. Ukuba ayinyangwa, inokonakalisa amalungu abalulekileyo kwaye ibangele iingxaki ezinkulu. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi oku.
Khumbula, ayizizo zonke ezi ngxaki eziya kwenzeka kubo bonke abaguli, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela iingozi.
Iingxaki eziphambili ezinokwenzeka zezi:
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kwimiphunga: Le yeyona ngxaki iyingozi kakhulu ye-MCTD. Ngamafutshane, kukunyuka koxinzelelo kwimithambo yegazi ethwala igazi lisuka entliziyweni ukuya emiphungeni. Oku kubeka uxinzelelo olukhulu entliziyweni kwaye kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezinzulu ezifana nokusilela kwentliziyo. Le meko yeyona nto iphambili ebangela ukufa kwizigulane ze-MCTD.
- Isifo semiphunga esingaphakathi kwesisu: Ukudumba kunye nokuqhekeka kwezicubu zemiphunga, okunokubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla.
- Isifo sentliziyo
- Umonakalo wezintso
- Umonakalo kwindlela yokugaya ukutya
- I-anemia
- Ukufa kwezicubu (i-necrosis)
- Ukulahlekelwa kukuva
Oogqirha bayixilonga njani ngokuchanekileyo le sifo?
Njengoko besikhe sathetha ngaphambili, iimpawu ze-MCTD zinokuvela emva kwenye ngokuhamba kwexesha, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima koogqirha ukuxilonga. Kungathatha iminyaka ukuqinisekisa ukuba yi-MCTD. Kukho ugqirha ochwephesha kwezi meko, obizwa ngokuba yi-rheumatologist . Ukuba unale mpawu, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwenye yezi ngcali.
Kukho iimpawu ezine eziphambili ezinceda ukwahlula i-MCTD kwezinye izifo zezicubu ezidityanisiweyo:
1. Amanqanaba aphezulu e-antibody ebizwa ngokuba yi-anti-U1-RNP egazini: Oku kunokufunyaniswa ngovavanyo lwegazi olukhethekileyo. Le antibody yenzelwe izigulana ze-MCTD.
2. Ukungabikho kweengxaki ezinzima zezintso kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo: Ezi ngxaki zixhaphakile kwi-lupus (SLE). Nangona kunjalo, azixhaphakanga kwi-MCTD.
3. Ukubakho kwesifo samathambo esibi kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lwemiphunga: Ezi mpawu zixhaphake kakhulu kwi-MCTD kunakwi-lupus okanye kwi-scleroderma yodwa.
4. Ingxaki kaRaynaud kunye nokudumba kweminwe: Nangona i-25% kuphela yezigulane ezine-lupus ezi mpawu, zixhaphake kakhulu kwizigulane ze-MCTD.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-MCTD?
Okokuqala, akukho nyango lwe-MCTD. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Kukho unyango oluninzi olusebenzayo olunokukunceda ulawule iimpawu zakho, uthintele iingxaki, kwaye uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lweempawu zakho, ubukhali bemeko yakho, kunye namalungu omzimba achaphazelekileyo.
| Uhlobo lweziyobisi | Ukusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa |
|---|---|
| Ii-Corticosteroids Umzekelo: i-prednisone | Ezi zisebenza ngokunciphisa ukudumba emzimbeni nokulawula ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Zinokunikwa ngeedosi eziphantsi ukuba isifo asibi kakhulu, kwaye ngeedosi eziphezulu ukuba sibi kakhulu. |
| Amayeza okulwa nemalariya Umzekelo: i-hydroxychloroquine | Ezi zinceda ukuthintela ukudumba kwesikhumba nokulawula iimpawu ezingephi. |
| Izithinteli zemijelo yecalcium | Ezi zinceda ekulawuleni imeko kaRaynaud ngokukhulula izihlunu ezikwiindonga zemithambo yegazi, zivumela igazi ukuba lihambe ngokulula. |
| Ezinye izinto ezithintela amasosha omzimba | Ukuba amalungu abalulekileyo afana nemiphunga nezintso ayonakalisiwe, kusenokufuneka ukuba kunikwe amayeza anamandla afana nala ukuze kulawulwe ngakumbi ukusebenza kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. |
| Amayeza okulwa noxinzelelo lwegazi | Ezi zibalulekile ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu emaphaphu. |
Ungazinyamekela njani?
Ukongeza ekuthatheni amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho, ukwenza utshintsho oluncinci kwindlela ophila ngayo kunokwenza ukuphila nesi sifo kube lula kakhulu.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuthomalalisa iintlungu: Kwintlungu engephi kunye nokudumba, ungathetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuthatha amayeza angengo-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) - afana ne-ibuprofen - umzekelo. Kodwa ungaze uzisebenzise rhoqo ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha .
- Khusela izandla zakho ekubandeni: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba une-Raynaud's phenomenon. Nxiba iiglavu ngeentsuku ezibandayo. Gcina izandla zakho zifudumele xa ukwigumbi le-AC. Lumka xa ukhupha izinto efrijini.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo: Ukutshaya kubangela ukuba imithambo yegazi inciphe ngakumbi, nto leyo enokwenza imeko kaRaynaud ibe mandundu.
- Nciphisa uxinzelelo: Uxinzelelo luyimbangela enkulu yesifo sikaRaynaud. Ngoko ke zama ukuzola ingqondo yakho ngokwenza izinto ezifana nokuzilolonga ukuphefumla kunye nokucamngca. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, kukwangumbono olungileyo ukufuna uncedo kumcebisi wezempilo yengqondo.
Ukuphila ixesha elide ne-MCTD
Ekubeni i-MCTD yimeko ehlala ixesha elide, kubalulekile ukufunda ukuphila nayo. Ingakumbi xa usebenzisa amayeza afana ne-corticosteroids ixesha elide, kunokubakho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
- Ukubuthathaka kwamathambo ngenxa ye-osteoporosis.
- Ukufa kwezicubu ngenxa yokuncipha kokunikezelwa kwegazi kwizicubu.
- Ubuthathaka bemisipha.
- Kulula ukungenwa zizifo.
Kufuneka undwendwele ugqirha wakho ngexesha elibekiweyo ukuze ulawule kwaye ubeke esweni ezi ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo.
Ukuba umfazi one-MCTD uceba ukuba nomntwana, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakhe kuqala . Le meko inokuba mandundu ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Kwakhona, iintsana ezizelwe ngoomama abane-MCTD zinokuba nobunzima obuphantsi.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu zikhankanyiweyo kweli nqaku, ingakumbi ukuba ziphazamisana nemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Ukuba unentlungu entsha yamalungu okanye yemisipha, ukudumba kwiminwe yakho, okanye iimpawu zesifo sikaRaynaud, funa ingcebiso kagqirha.
Xa usiya kugqirha, ungabuza le mibuzo:
- Yintoni unobangela weempawu zam?
- Ngaba ndinesifo esingaphezulu kwesinye sezicwili ezidityanisiweyo?
- Luhlobo luni lovavanyo ekufuneka ndilwenze?
- Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zengxaki yam?
- Ndingenza ntoni ukuthintela ukuba esi sifo singabi sibi?
Ukuphila nesi sifo, usenokuzibuza ukuba ubomi bakho buza kuba njani kwiminyaka eli-10 ezayo. Idatha ibonisa ukuba ngonyango olufanelekileyo, malunga nama-80% ezigulana zinokuphila ubuncinane iminyaka eli-10 emva kokuba zixilongiwe. Kodwa ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokukunika ulwazi oluchanekileyo noluchanekileyo malunga noku. Kuba kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, njengohlobo lwesifo sakho kunye namalungu achaphazelekayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-MCTD sisifo esintsonkothileyo sokuzikhusela komzimba esidibanisa iimpawu zezinye izifo ezininzi, ezifana ne-lupus, i-scleroderma, kunye ne-polymyositis.
- Iimpawu ezibonakala zingahambelaniyo zinokuvela, ezinje ngeentlungu zamalungu, ukudinwa kakhulu, ukudumba kweminwe, kunye nokutshintsha kombala weminwe xa kubanda (kaRaynaud).
- Nangona esi sifo singenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, kukho unyango olusebenzayo olunokulawula iimpawu, luthintele iingxaki, kwaye lukuvumele ukuba uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
- Kubalulekile ukufuna uncedo kwingcali, njengogqirha wezifo zamathambo, ukuze kufunyanwe isifo kwaye kunyangwe.
- Ukutyelela ugqirha ngexesha, ukuphepha ukutshaya, ukuzikhusela kwingqele, kunye nokulawula uxinzelelo kubalulekile ekulawuleni izifo.
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