Umele ukuba uvile ngesifo esibizwa ngokuba yiMpox, okanye iMonkeypox, kule mihla, akunjalo? Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye ukhathazekile xa kuvela iindaba zokuba sisasazeka kwihlabathi liphela kwaye kukhutshwe izilumkiso yiWorld Health Organisation. Kodwa njengayo yonke enye into, ngaphambi kokuba soyike oku, masiqonde esi sifo ngokuchanekileyo nangokulula. Emva koko sinokujongana nale meko ngobulumko ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokungeyomfuneko.
Yintoni kanye kanye iMpox (Monkeypox)?
Ngamafutshane, iMpox sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane. Usenokuba ukhe weva nge- smallpox . Le ntsholongwane ikwintsapho enye nentsholongwane ye-smallpox. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba iimpawu zeMpox azisoloko zimbi njenge-smallpox. Izazinzulu bezisazi ngesi sifo ukusukela ngo-1958. Ngelo xesha, safunyanwa okokuqala kwiinkawu zaselabhoratri ezisetyenziselwa uphando. Yiyo loo nto igama elithi Monkeypox lasetyenziswa okokuqala.
Esi sifo sibonakala kakhulu kumazwe aseMbindini naseNtshona Afrika. Nangona kunjalo, ukusukela ngo-2022, iingxelo zokusasazeka kwentsholongwane ngaphandle kweAfrika ziqalile ukuvela. Ngenxa yoko, iWorld Health Organisation (WHO) ibhengeze ukuba “ yingxamiseko yezempilo yoluntu exhalabisayo kwihlabathi liphela.”
I-Mpox yintsholongwane ye-zoonotic enokudluliselwa ukusuka kwizilwanyana ukuya ebantwini. Ingadluliselwa kungekuphela nje kwiinkawu, kodwa nakwezinye izilwanyana e-Afrika, ezifana neenkawu kunye neempuku . Ingadluliselwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye.
Sidluliselwa njani esi sifo?
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo ekufuneka siyiqaphele sonke. Ukuba siyazi indlela esisasazeka ngayo esi sifo, kulula kakhulu ukuzikhusela.
Ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye:
Isasazeka kakhulu ngokusondelana nomntu onesifo.
- Ngokuchukumisa amadyungudyungu okanye izilonda eluswini: Ngokudibana ngqo namadyungudyungu okanye izilonda eluswini lomguli, ngaphakathi emlonyeni okanye empumlweni.
- Ngokudibana nolwelo lomzimba: Xa ulwelo lomzimba olufana negazi kunye nesidoda esivela kwisigulana lungena emzimbeni womntu ophilileyo.
- Ngamathontsi okuphefumla: Ngokuphefumla amathontsi okuphefumla akhutshwa xa umntu onentsholongwane ekhohlela okanye ethimla. Kodwa oku kunokwenzeka ixesha elide, kufutshane kakhulu.Kuya kufuneka uqhagamshelane kuba la mathontsi awahambi umgama omde kangako.
- Ngokuchukumisa into enesifo: Ngokuchukumisa izinto ezifana neebhedi, iimpahla, kunye neetawuli ezisetyenziswa sisigulana. Nangona kunjalo, amathuba osulelo aphantsi kancinci ngale ndlela.
Uphando lufumanise ukuba esi sifo sidluliselwe ngokudibana ngokusondeleyo ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo, ingakumbi ngexesha lobhubhane ka-2022. Ngenxa yoko, nangona singachazwa njengesifo esidluliselwa ngesondo (STI), kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokudluliselwa ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo.
Ukususela kwizilwanyana ukuya ebantwini:
Ungayifumana le ntsholongwane ukuba isilwanyana esinayo siyakukrwela okanye sikulume. Ungayifumana nangokutya inyama engaphekwanga kakuhle yesilwanyana esinayo. Ukuba uneempawu zeMpox, bubulumko ukuhlala kude nezilwanyana zasekhaya (izinja, iikati).
Zithini iimpawu zeMpox?
Iimpawu zinokubonakala phakathi kweentsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezili-14 (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezi-3) emva kokuchaphazeleka yintsholongwane. Kwiintsholongwane zakutshanje, oogqirha baye babona iimpawu ezintsha ezininzi ukongeza kwezo zesiqhelo. Masihlukanise ngokucacileyo phakathi kwezi zimbini.
| Udidi lweempawu | Iimpawu ezibonakalayo |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu ezintsha ezibonwe kutshanje |
|
| Iimpawu ezibonwa ngokwesiko |
|
Irhashalala lidla ngokuqala emva kweentsuku ezi-1-3 emva kokuba umkhuhlane uqalile. Oku kuqala kuvele ebusweni kuze kudlulele nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba, ingakumbi iintende zezandla, iintende zeenyawo, iingalo kunye nemilenze.
Ezi blister zinomzekelo otshintsha kancinci kancinci:
1. Okokuqala iqala njengeendawo ezithe tyaba (ii-macules).
2. Kamva, ziyadumba kancinci kwaye zenze iipapules.
3. Emva koko zijika zibe zii-vesicles ezizaliswe lulwelo olucacileyo.
4. Ekugqibeleni, ulwelo lujika lube yi-pustules etyheli (ii-pustules), lome, luqhekeke, luze luwe.
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, nceda ubone ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Musa ukucinga nje.
Ingaba esi sifo siyingozi? Zithini iingxaki ezibangelwa sisifo?
Kwabaninzi abantu, esi sifo siphela ngokupheleleyo kwiiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-4. Nangona kunjalo, sinokuba sibi kakhulu kubantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka, abantwana abancinci, kunye nabo banezinye izifo .
Kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, ezi ngxaki zinkulu zilandelayo zinokwenzeka:
- Usulelo lobuchopho (i-Encephalitis)
- Ityhefu yegazi (iSepsis)
- I-pneumonia enzima (i-Bronchopneumonia)
- Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono ngenxa yokosulelwa yi-cornea.
Ukufa kunqabile kakhulu, kodwa umngcipheko uyanda ukuba unyango alufumaneki.
Yintoni omele uyenze ukuba ukrokrela ukuba udibene nesigulana?
Ukuba ucinga ukuba usenokuba usondelelene nomntu oneMpox, ungoyiki. Okokuqala, tsalela umnxeba ugqirha wakho ukuze akunike ingcebiso. Ukongeza, hlala ujonge iimpawu kangangeentsuku ezingama-21.
- Jonga ubushushu bomzimba wakho kabini ngemini.
- Ukuba awunamkhuhlane okanye amadyungudyungu, ugodola nje kwaye uvuvukile, hlala ekhaya iiyure ezingama-24.
- Ukuba uqalisa ukuba nomkhuhlane kunye/okanye amadyungudyungu, zihlukanise nabanye ngoko nangoko uze wazise iGosa lezeMpilo lasekuhlaleni (MOH).
- Ukuba awunazo iimpawu, ungaqhubeka nokusebenza njengesiqhelo. Nangona kunjalo, kuphephe ukunikela ngegazi, iplasma, ubisi lwebele, isidoda, okanye amalungu omzimba kwezi ntsuku zingama-21.
Uxilongo kunye nonyango
Ugqirha wakho uza kuhlola ulusu lwakho aze akubuze ngeempawu zakho ukuze afumanise ukuba unayo na ingxaki. Baza kuzama nokuthintela ezinye izifo ezineempawu ezifanayo, ezifana ne-masisi, i-chickenpox, kunye ne-syphilis. Uvavanyo lwelabhoratri yeyona ndlela yokufumanisa ngokuqinisekileyo i-masisi.
Okwangoku akukho nyango luthile lwemasisi. Oogqirha banokunceda ekuthinteleni iingxaki ngokunyanga iimpawu, ukuphumla, nokusela ulwelo oluninzi.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho imigonyo yokugonya. Ugonyo lwangaphambili lwe-smallpox, iMpox, lufunyenwe lubonelela ngokhuseleko lwe-85%. Okwangoku, amazwe afana ne-United States asebenzisa iintlobo ezimbini zezigonyo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-`(JYNNEOS)` kunye ne-`(ACAM2000)`. Kungcono ukugonya ngaphambi kokuba ugule. Nangona kunjalo, ukugonya kwiintsuku ezi-4 emva kokuba uchaphazelekile kunokunceda ukuthintela okanye ukunciphisa ubunzima besifo. Ungabuza ugqirha wakho ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga noku.
Kuthekani ukuba ndifumana i-chickenpox ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
Ukuba umama okhulelweyo okanye oncancisayo ufumana esi sifo, umngcipheko weengxaki ezinkulu unokwanda kancinci. Kukho ithuba lokudluliselwa komntwana ukusuka kumama ukuya kumntwana osesiswini nge-placenta.
Oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinje ngokukhulelwa okanye ukuzala umntwana oswelekileyo. Ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye uneempawu ze-chickenpox, kubalulekile ukwazisa ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
Singazikhusela njani koku?
Ukuzikhusela yeyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza. Ukulandela la manyathelo alula kunokukunika ukhuseleko olukhulu.
- Kuphephe ukusondelana: Kuphephe ukusondelana, ukwanga, okanye ukwanga nomntu oneempawu ze-chickenpox.
- Musa ukwabelana ngezinto zakho zobuqu: Musa ukusebenzisa izinto ezifana neempahla, izinto zokulala, iitawuli, izitya, njl.njl. ezisetyenziswe ngumntu ogulayo.
- Ukuhlamba izandla: Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi rhoqo, ingakumbi ukuba ukhe wadibana nomntu ogulayo okanye wachukumisa indawo ekrokrisayo.
- Lumka kwizilwanyana: Kwiindawo apho isifo sixhaphake khona, kuphephe ukuphatha izilwanyana ezigulayo okanye ezifileyo.
- Isondo esikhuselekileyo: Ukuba wena okanye iqabane lakho ninamaqhuqhuva akrokrelekayo, eyona nto ikhuselekileyo onokuyenza kukuphepha ukulala nawo de aphile ngokupheleleyo. Ikhondom yodwa ayiniki ukhuseleko olupheleleyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Chickenpox sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane. Nangona idla ngokuba sisifo esingeyongozi kangako, kubalulekile ukuba uyiqaphele.
- Idluliselwa ikakhulu ngokusondelana namadyungudyungu eluswini kunye nolwelo lomzimba lomntu osulelekileyo.
- Nangona uphawu oluphambili lukukudumba kwesikhumba, iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, kunye nokudumba kwamadlala nazo zinokubakho.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uneempawu ezikrokrisayo, musa ukwenza izigqibo ngokusekelwe kuqikelelo okanye ukujonga kwi-intanethi, kodwa bonana nogqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuze akunike icebiso .
- Ukuhlamba izandla rhoqo, ukuphepha ukusondelana nabantu abagulayo, kunye nokugcina ucoceko lomntu siqu kunokukukhusela kwesi sifo.
I-Mpox, iMonkeypox, umkhuhlane weenkawu, iimpawu zeMpox, ukusasazeka kweMpox, unyango lweMpox, ugonyo lweMpox
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