Ngaba wakha wacinga ngendlela emangalisayo neyinkimbinkimbi ngayo ingqondo yethu? Eli lungu lincinci lilawula yonke ingcinga yethu, yonke intshukumo, kunye nayo yonke inkumbulo. Ngoko ke, ingqondo ifuna ukuhamba kwegazi okuqhubekayo, okungaphazanyiswayo okubonelela ngeoksijini kunye nezondlo. Kodwa khawucinge ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ukuba imithambo ephambili ethwala igazi ebuchotsheni ivalekile? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesifo esingaqhelekanga, kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka siqaphele. Esi sisifo sikaMoyamoya.
Kalula nje, yintoni uMoyamoya?
Istroke sisifo esichaphazela imithambo yegazi ebuchotsheni bethu. Ngokwezonyango, sisifo semithambo yegazi. Kukho imithambo yegazi emibini ephambili entanyeni yethu ethwala igazi ukuya ebuchotsheni, ebizwa ngokuba yimithambo ye-carotid. Kwistroke, enye okanye ngamanye amaxesha zombini ezi mithambo iphambili iyancipha kancinci kancinci ize ivaleke. Ingachaphazela nomnye umthambo obalulekileyo ebuchotsheni, imithambo yegazi yobuchopho. Le yimithambo yegazi ephambili ehambisa igazi kwiindawo ezingaphambili zobuchopho bethu.
Khawuthelekelele ukuba umbhobho wamanzi ophambili ozisa amanzi endlwini yakho uvaliwe. Kwenzeka ntoni emva koko? Akukho manzi. Ngoko ke, uzama ukufumana amanzi kwimibhobho emincinci engaphakathi endlwini. Ingqondo yethu iyafana. Xa umthambo wegazi oyintloko uvaliwe, ingqondo idala imithambo yegazi emitsha emincinci, ebhityileyo ukuze ihlawulele ukungabikho. Ezi zifana neendlela ezisecaleni. Kodwa ingxaki kukuba, le mithambo yegazi mitsha ibuthathaka kakhulu kwaye ibhityile. Ke ngoko, ayinakunikwa igazi kunye nomthambo oyintloko. Le mithambo ibuthathaka ngamanye amaxesha inokuqhuma. Kwimeko ezinjalo, iSifo sikaMoyamoya sinokubangela ukopha ngaphakathi kwengqondo (ukubola kwentliziyo ebuchotsheni). Kwakhona, iimeko ezinzima ezifana nestroke zinokwenzeka kuba ingqondo ayifumani gazi laneleyo.
Kutheni oku kubizwa ngokuba yi "Moyamoya"?
Igama elithi "Moyamoya" ligama lesiJapan. Lithetha "njengomsi ophumayo." Xa oogqirha baseJapan abafumanisa esi sifo okokuqala benza i-angiogram yemithambo yegazi ebuchotsheni, babona ukuba uthungelwano lwemithambo yegazi emincinci esandula ukwakheka lwalubhityile njengomsi ophumayo. Yiyo loo nto esi sifo sabizwa ngokuba yi "Moyamoya."
Zithini iimpawu zesifo seMoyamoya?
Iimpawu eziphambili zesi sifo zibangelwa kukuncipha kokunikezelwa kwegazi engqondweni. Ngamanye amaxesha esi sifo siqala ukubonwa emva kwestroke okanye ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic okuthe ngcembe (TIAs). Ezi stroke zincinci ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba yi-"mini-stroke." Oku kuthetha ukuba iimpawu zestroke ziyafika zize ziphele okwethutyana.
Makhe sijonge ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo ezinokubonakala kwesi sifo.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Istroke okanye i-mini-stroke (ii-TIA) | Iimpawu ezinje ngokuba ndindisholo kwelinye icala lomzimba, ubunzima bokuthetha, kunye nokugoba kwelinye icala lobuso. Ezi mpawu zihlala ziphela emva kwexesha elifutshane kwi-TIAs. |
| Ukopha kwegazi ebuchosheni | Ukopha kwegazi engqondweni kwenzeka xa umthambo wegazi omncinci nobuthathaka ugqabhuka. Oku kunokubangela intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu. |
| Intloko ebuhlungu | Intloko ebuhlungu rhoqo, ngamanye amaxesha ebuhlungu. |
| Ukuxhuzula | Ukwenzeka kweemeko ezifana nokufaneleka. |
| Iintshukumo ezingalawulekiyo | Amalungu omzimba, njengeengalo, ashukuma ngokungalawulekiyo. |
| Ukulibaziseka kophuhliso | Ukuba esi sifo sichaphazela abantwana abancinci, ingakumbi, banokufumana ukulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni nasekufundeni kwabo. |
| Iingxaki zeemvakalelo | Iingxaki zokubona, ukuva, ukuvumba, ukuchukumisa, okanye ukungcamla. |
Yintoni ebangela isifo sikaMoyamoya?
Inyaniso kukuba, unobangela ochanekileyo wesi sifo awukafunyanwa.Kodwa abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba kukho unxibelelwano lwemfuza koku. Oko kukuthi, sinokudluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Ekubeni esi sifo sixhaphake kakhulu kubantu baseJapan, kufunyenwe ukuba kukho unxibelelwano oluthile kwimfuza zabo. Ngoku kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba utshintsho kwimfuza ebizwa ngokuba yi-'RNF213' lunokuba negalelo koku.
Ngamanye amaxesha, le meko yeMoyamoya inokwenzeka nakwezinye iimeko zonyango. Emva koko siyibiza ngokuba yiMoyamoya syndrome. Umzekelo:
- I-Down syndrome
- Isifo samangcwaba
- Uhlobo lwe-Neurofibromatosis 1
- Isifo seSickle cell
- I-atherosclerosis
Umntu onezifo ezifana nezi usengozini yokuba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yiMoyamoya.
Ngubani onokuthi afumane esi sifo?
IMoyamoya sisifo esingaqhelekanga kakhulu . Asifane sibikwe kumazwe afana neSri Lanka. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele esi sifo.
- Esi sifo sinokuvela nakweyiphi na iminyaka, kodwa sixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 neli-10 kunye nabantu abadala abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 nengama-50 .
- Nangona unobangela ochanekileyo ungaziwa, abafazi banamathuba aphindwe kabini okufumana esi sifo kunamadoda.
- Esi sifo sixhaphake kakhulu kubantu baseJapan nakwamanye amazwe aseMpuma Asia.
Ungayixilonga njani ngokuchanekileyo le sifo?
Ukuba uneempawu esizixubushileyo ngaphambili, ugqirha wakho uza kuqala akuhlole aze akubuze ngeempawu zakho. Emva koko, ukuba kukho isikrokro sokuba unesifo seMoyamoya, baya kucebisa uvavanyo oluthile ukuze baluqinisekise.
| Uvavanyo | Wenza ntoni ngale nto? |
|---|---|
| I-cerebral arteriography | Olu lolona vavanyo lubalaseleyo lokufumanisa esi sifo. Kolu vavanyo, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci (i-catheter) kumthambo wegazi engalweni okanye emlenzeni, kwaye kufakwa idayi ekhethekileyo kwimithambo yegazi ngayo. Emva koko kuthathwa imifanekiso ye-X-ray ukuze kubonwe ukuba imincinci kangakanani na imithambo yegazi kunye nokuba igazi lihamba kakuhle kangakanani na. |
| I-MRA Scan (i-Magnetic Resonance Angiography) | Olu luvavanyo olungenabuhlungu olusebenzisa intsimi yemagnethi kunye namaza erediyo ukuthatha imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zemithambo yegazi engqondweni. |
| Iskeni se-MRI (Umfanekiso weMagnetic Resonance) | Indlela efana ne-MRA isetyenziswa ukuhlola imeko yezicubu zobuchopho. Oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba kukho nawuphi na umonakalo engqondweni ngenxa yokuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi. |
Ngaba ikhona indlela yokunyanga isifo seMoyamoya?
Ewe, kukho unyango lokulawula esi sifo. Zimbini iinjongo eziphambili zonyango. Enye kukulawula iimpawu. Enye kukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko weemeko ezinzima ezifana nestroke.
1. Unyango ngamayeza
Ugqirha angakunika amayeza ahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yesigulane.
- I-Aspirin: Eli yeza linceda ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi kwaye lenze kube lula ukuhamba kwegazi kuloo mithambo yegazi mincinci.
- Amayeza okuthintela ukuxhuzula: Ukuba isifo sibangela ukuxhuzula, la mayeza anikwa ukulawula oko.
- Ii-Anticoagulants: Nangona ezi zinceda ekuthinteleni ukuqhekeka kwegazi, oogqirha bacebisa ezi kuphela kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo ngenxa yomngcipheko wokopha.
- Izithinteli zeCalcium channel: Ezi zinokunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu ezifana neentloko ebuhlungu. Nangona kunjalo, zinokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, nto leyo enokunyusa umngcipheko westroke, ngoko ke kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngononophelo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba amayeza awanakukuthintela ukubhitya kwemithambo yegazi , ngoko ke isifo sinokuya sibi kancinci kancinci.
2. Unyango lotyando (Utyando lwe-Bypass)
Ukuba isifo asinakulawulwa ngamayeza, kwaye ukuba siya sibi kancinci kancinci, ugqirha unokucebisa utyando. Oku kubizwa ngokuba lutyando lwe-bypass.
Ngamafutshane, oku kuquka ukudala indlela entsha yokuba igazi lihambe liye ebuchotsheni, lidlule umthambo wegazi ovalekileyo. Oku kuquka ukuthatha umthambo ophilileyo odla ngokuhambisa igazi entlokweni uze uwudibanise nomthambo wegazi osebuchotsheni. Kufana nokwakha i-flyover entsha ukuze udlule indlela exakekileyo. Olu tyando lunokunyusa inani legazi elifikelela ebuchotsheni, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko we-stroke.
Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ngokweenkcukacha ukuba loluphi utyando olukulungeleyo, kunye neenzuzo kunye neengxaki zalo.
Ufanele ufune nini uncedo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo? Iimpawu zestroke (NGOKUKHAWULEZILEYO)
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umntu onesifo sikaMoyamoya azi iimpawu zestroke . Okukhona unyango lukhawuleziswa, kokukhona umonakalo omncinci engqondweni unokuthintelwa. Isifinyezo esithi FAST sisetyenziselwa ukukunceda ukhumbule iimpawu zestroke.
| Iimpawu zeStroke (NGOKUKHAWULEZA) - Thatha Inyathelo Ngokukhawuleza! | |
|---|---|
| F - Ubuso | Ngaba elinye icala lobuso bakho livakala lindindisholo? Ngaba elinye icala lobuso bakho liyaqhaqhazela xa uncuma? |
| A - Iingalo | Ngaba ungaziphakamisa zombini iingalo? Ngaba ingalo enye iyawa phantsi? |
| S - Intetho | Ngaba incoko iyadida? Ngaba uyathintitha? Ngaba kunzima ukubiza isivakalisi esilula? |
| Ixesha - T | Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, musa ukulibazisa. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) esibhedlele ngoko nangoko okanye ubize i-ambulensi. Ixesha libaluleke kakhulu! |
Ukongeza kwezi, iimpawu ezinje ngokudideka ngesiquphe, ukungaziva mnandi kwelinye icala lomzimba, iingxaki zokubona, ubunzima bokuhamba, okanye intloko ebuhlungu enganyamezelekiyo nazo zinokuba ziimpawu zestroke.
Xa uphila nesi sifo, ukuba isifo sichongiwe kwangethuba kwaye sinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, uninzi lwabantu lunokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Ukuba asinyangwa, esi sifo sinokuba qatha size sibulale. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzazi iimpawu nokulandela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo sikaMoyamoya sisifo esingaqhelekanga apho umthambo ophambili ohambisa igazi engqondweni uncipha kancinci kancinci uze uvaleke.
- Oku kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni kokunikezelwa kwegazi engqondweni, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiimeko ezinzulu ezifana nestroke okanye ukopha kwegazi ebuchotsheni.
- Iimpawu eziphambili ziquka iimpawu ezifana nestroke, intloko ebuhlungu, kunye nokuxhuzula.
- Esi sifo sinokulawulwa ngempumelelo ngokufunyanwa kwangethuba kunye nonyango ngamayeza okanye ngotyando.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uneempawu zestroke (FAST), kufuneka uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) esibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Ukuchitha ixesha kunokunyusa umonakalo wobuchopho.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye imibuzo malunga noku, thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze akunike ingcebiso.
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