Ngaba wakha wacinga nzulu ngempumlo ephuma empumlweni xa unesifo somkhuhlane, amathe angaguqukiyo emlonyeni wakho, nezinto ezinjalo? Ezi ziyinxalenye yenkqubo yokuzikhusela emangalisayo emzimbeni wethu. Emva kwayo yonke le nto kukho inwebu ekhethekileyo ekhuselayo ngaphakathi emzimbeni wethu. Namhlanje sithetha ngale 'mucosa' okanye 'inwebu ye-mucous', abantu abaninzi abangazange bayive, kodwa ibalulekile kwimpilo yethu.
Yintoni le mucosa? Ngamafutshane...
I-Mucosa lelinye igama le-mucous membrane. Kanye njengokuba umphandle womzimba wethu ugqunywe lulusu ngokupheleleyo, amalungu omzimba, imingxunya eyahlukeneyo, kunye nemijelo engaphakathi emzimbeni wethu (umzekelo, umlomo, impumlo, amathumbu) igqunywe kwaye ikhuselwe yile membrane ebizwa ngokuba yi-mucosa. Ngamafutshane, olu lulusu olungaphakathi emzimbeni wethu.
Okumangalisayo kukuba, imizimba yethu ine-mucosa engaphezulu ngokuphindwe ka-200 kunesikhumba sethu. Yiyo loo nto inokubizwa ngokuba ngumqobo omkhulu wokukhusela emzimbeni wethu. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukugcoba amalungu ethu nokuwakhusela kwiingceba zothuli kunye neentsholongwane ezingena ngaphandle. Ukongeza, le mucosa idlala indima enkulu ekufumaneni izondlo ekutyeni, ingakumbi kwinkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya.
Lolu hlobo lwe-mucous lwenziwe ngaluphi ulwelo?
Olu hlobo lwe-mucosal lwenziwe ikakhulu ziingqimba ezintathu, nganye kuzo inomsebenzi othile.
1. I-Epithelium - umaleko okhuselayo ongaphandle
Olu lulwelo oluphezulu lwe-mucosa. Lufana nolwelo olungaphandle kolusu lwethu. Kukwezi seli ze-epithelial apho sikhupha khona into etyebileyo efana nejeli ebizwa ngokuba yi-'mucus' okanye 'phlegm.' Olu lwe-mucus lunokubamba izinto ezifana neentsholongwane kunye nothuli kwaye luthintele ukuba zingangeni emzimbeni.
Olu layer lweeseli luhlelwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ukuze lufanele amalungu ahlukeneyo omzimba wethu. Kwezinye iindawo, kukho umaleko omnye weeseli, ngelixa kwezinye iindawo, kukho layer ezininzi zeeseli. Olunye uphawu olukhethekileyo lwale seli kukuba ziyahlukana kwaye zizihlaziye ngokukhawuleza. Ke ngoko, nokuba izinto ezifana neentsholongwane zingena, zinokususwa ngokukhawuleza. Ezinye iiseli ze-epithelial zineendawo ezincinci kakhulu ezifana neenwele ezibizwa ngokuba yi-'cilia'. Ezi, ezifumaneka ngaphakathi kwempumlo, zityhala amasuntswana othuli kunye ne-mucus ngaphandle.
2. I-Lamina propria - umaleko ophakathi oxhasayo
Ngaphantsi kwe-epithelium kukho olu maleko lwezicubu ezidityanisiweyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-lamina propria. Lufana nenkxaso enika yonke into efunekayo kuluhlu oluphezulu, olunceda ukulubamba luhlale endaweni yalo. Olu maleko lunemithambo yegazi, imithambo-luvo, kunye neemolekyuli zeproteni ezenza isakhiwo . I-epithelium ifumana igazi layo kulo maleko. Ikwagcina uninzi lweeseli ezenza inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela, ezizingela kwaye zitshabalalise iintsholongwane ezingenayo.
3. I-Muscularis mucosae - umaleko ongaphakathi wemisipha
Olu lolona layer lunzulu lwe-mucosa. Lulayer olubhityileyo olwenziwe zimisipha ethambileyo. Olu layer lunceda i-mucosa yonke ukuba ishukume, yolule, kwaye inciphe. Ingakumbi xa amalungu anjengesisu encipha kwaye ekhula ngexesha lokugaya, i-mucosa kufuneka ilungelelane nalo. Olu layer lwemisipha lunceda ngaloo nto.
I-mucosa inika yiphi inkonzo emzimbeni wethu?
Umsebenzi ophambili we-mucosa kukusebenza njengomgca wokuqala wokuzikhusela kwi-immune system yethu . Kufana nodonga olujikeleze ilizwe.
- Umqobo okhuselayo: Uthintela iintsholongwane, uthuli, kunye neekhemikhali eziyingozi ukuba zingangeni emzimbeni zisuka ngaphandle.
- Ukubamba iintsholongwane: I-mucus enamathelayo (phlegm) eyikhuphayo ibamba iintsholongwane ize izisuse emzimbeni (umz., i-mucus eveliswa kukukhwehlela nokutsiba).
- Njengesithambisi: Oku kunceda ukuthintela umonakalo ekukhuhlaneni kwaye kwenza kube lula ukusebenza kwazo.
- Ukukhuselwa kwizinto zomzimba: I-mucous membrane ikhusela udonga lwesisu kwi-asidi yesisu esinzima esiswini sethu. Ikwayi-membrane efanayo ekhusela isinyi kwizinto ezikwi-urine.
- Ukufunxwa kwezondlo: Amathumbu anceda umzimba ukuba ufunxwe izondlo ekutyeni.
- Imvakalelo yokuvumba: Le membrane ye-mucous isinceda sibone ivumba elibi empumlweni.
Ngamafutshane, i-mucosa ngumqobo obalulekileyo, osebenzayo owahlula ingaphakathi lomzimba wethu kwihlabathi langaphandle.
Ifumaneka phi i-mucosa emzimbeni wethu?
Iinwebu ze-mucous zinokufumaneka kwiindawo ezininzi emizimbeni yethu. Zifumaneka kakhulu kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya, kwinkqubo yokuphefumla, kwinkqubo yokuzala, nakwizitho zethu zeemvakalelo.
| Indawo ye-mucosa | Imizekelo |
|---|---|
| Iingxangxasi Zomzimba | Iimpumlo, umlomo, umphimbo, iindlebe, amalungu esini, i-anus |
| Amalungu Omzimba Angenanto | Umphimbo, imiphunga kunye nendlela yokuphefumla , isisu, amathumbu, isinyi, isibeleko |
Ziziphi izifo ezichaphazela le mucous membrane?
Nangona inwebu ye-mucous yenzelwe ukusikhusela, ngamanye amaxesha izinto ezifana neentsholongwane, iibhaktheriya kunye nefungi zinokugqobhoza kulo mqobo zingene. Xa oku kusenzeka, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela isebenza kwaye ibangele ukudumba. Umzekelo omhle woku kuxa inwebu ye-mucous engaphakathi kwempumlo idumba kwaye ivelise i-mucus xa unomkhuhlane. Oku kudumba yindlela ephilileyo yomzimba yokulwa nosulelo. Kodwa ukuba oku kuyaqhubeka, kunokukhokelela kwiimpawu ezingathandekiyo kunye nezinye izifo.
Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zezifo ezichaphazela i-mucosa.
| Udidi lwezifo | Imizekelo kunye nengcaciso emfutshane |
|---|---|
| Izifo Ezisulelayo | |
| Izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane | I-herpes yomlomo neyesini, i-thrush yomlomo kunye nosulelo lwe-genital yeast, izilonda zomlomo, usulelo lwe-H. pylori. |
| Iimeko zokudumba | |
| Ukudumba kwe-mucosa yamalungu omzimba | Izifo zesisu, i-cystitis, i-Esophagitis, i-bronchitis, i-sinusitis, i-asthma. |
| Izifo ezichaphazela umzimba | |
| Inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela iyazihlasela | Izifo zokudumba kwamathumbu ezifana nesifo seCeliac, isifo sikaCrohn, kunye nesifo sikaBehcet. |
| Ukulungiswa kwezicubu kunye neePolyps | |
| Utshintsho olubangelwa kukudumba kwexesha elide | Ukukhula okungaqhelekanga kwezicubu (iipolyps) esiswini, esibelekweni, okanye emathunjini. Iimeko ezifana ne-Barrett's esophagus. |
| Iingxaki | |
| Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-membrane ye-mucosal | I-Endometriosis: Ukukhula kolwelo lwesibeleko ngaphandle kwesibeleko. I-Cystic fibrosis: I-mucus kwinkqubo yokuphefumla iyanda kwaye ivale iindlela zomoya. Isifo sikaSjogren: Umlomo owomileyo namehlo ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kwamadlala avelisa i-mucus. |
Ndingazikhusela njani ii-mucous membranes zam?
Xa yonke into isebenza kakuhle, ii-mucous membranes zakho ziyakukhusela. Ziyindlela yakho yokuqala yokuzikhusela kwizifo. Nangona kunjalo, ukudumba okungapheliyo okuhlala ixesha elide kunokuwenza buthathaka lo mqobo wokukhusela kancinci kancinci. Kwaye yonke inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela inokwenziwa buthathaka kukusetyenziswa kakhulu kweeseli zomzimba kwi-mucosa.
Ngoko ke, eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokukhusela ii-mucous membranes zakho kukulawula izifo ezingapheliyo zokudumba.
Ukuba uneempawu zesifo sokudumba esingapheliyo, esifana nokutshixiza kwentliziyo okungapheliyo, i-asthma engalawulekiyo, okanye iingxaki ze-sinus ezihlala zikho, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaloo nto kwaye ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo. Oku kuya kukunceda ukhusele le ndlela ibalulekileyo yokuzikhusela emzimbeni wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Mucosa lulwelo olukhuselayo olubaluleke kakhulu, njengolusu lwethu, olugubungela amalungu kunye nemingxuma engaphakathi emzimbeni wethu.
- Oku kusikhusela kwiintsholongwane, usulelo, kunye nomonakalo owahlukeneyo wangaphandle. Kukwanegalelo kwimisebenzi ebalulekileyo efana nokufunxwa kwezondlo.
- Musa ukungayinaki into yokudumba okukule membrane. Isenokuba linyathelo lokuqala elikhokelela kwizifo ezahlukeneyo.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezinxulumene ne-mucous membranes yakho (umz. iintlungu zesisu ezingapheliyo, ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, izilonda zomlomo), kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.
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