Ingaba into emhlophe yomntwana wakho yonakele? Masithethe ngePeriventricular Leukomalacia (PVL)

Ukuba umntwana wakho wazalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, okanye ukuba uhlangabezana nokulibaziseka kokukhula, oku kubaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Ngamanye amaxesha, iindawo ezincinci zobuchopho kwiintsana zinokonakala. Le yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-periventricular leukomalacia, okanye i-PVL ngamafutshane. Musa ukothuka yile nto, masithethe ngayo ngokweenkcukacha.

Yintoni i-PVL? Masiyiqonde ngokulula.

Kulungile, makhe sibone ukuba yintoni i-PVL (i-Periventricular Leukomalacia) ngokulula. Uyazi, ingqondo yethu sisitho esintsonkothileyo nesimangalisayo. Sinamalungu ahlukeneyo. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo 'yi-white matter' . Oku kufana nenkqubo 'yentambo' engqondweni yethu. Iiseli zobuchopho, oko kukuthi, iiseli zemithambo-luvo (ii-neurons) , ziyanxibelelana kwaye zisuka ebuchotsheni ziye emgogodleni, kwaye zitshintshiselana ngolwazi ngale nkqubo 'yentambo', oko kukuthi, (i-white matter) .

Ngoko ke, ukuba umntwana wakho une-periventricular leukomalacia, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho umonakalo kwinxalenye yale nto imhlophe . Lo monakalo unokubangela ukulibaziseka kokukhula kwezakhono zomntwana zokunyakaza, okuyindlela abalawula ngayo imizimba yabo, kunye nezakhono zabo zengqondo, okuyindlela abacinga nabaqonda ngayo izinto. Akupheleli apho, kodwa iintsana ezinale meko nazo zisengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-cerebral palsy .

Masiyihlalutye kancinci le gama lide elithi 'periventricular leukomalacia' size siliqonde. Emva koko kuya kucaca ngakumbi:

• Igama elithi 'Peri' lithetha 'ukujikeleza' okanye 'ukujikeleza'.
• 'I-Ventricular' ibhekisa kwimingxuma egcwele ulwelo ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Sikwabiza ezi ventricles .
• Igama elithi 'Leuko' lithetha 'umhlophe'. Oku kubhekisa kumbandela omhlophe wobuchopho.
• I-Malacia ' kukuba buthathaka' okungaqhelekanga kwezicubu okwenzeka xa izicubu zonakele. Oogqirha banokukubona oku ngovavanyo.

Ngoko ke, ngokufutshane, i-periventricular leukomalacia kukonakala kwezinto ezimhlophe ezijikeleze ii-ventricles engqondweni yomntwana wakho, nto leyo ebangela ukuba zithambe.

Iintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-32 zokukhulelwa, okanye ngaphambi kwexesha, zisengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yi-PVL. Le ngozi iyanda xa ixesha lokukhulelwa lifutshane, okanye xa zizalwa kwangethuba.

Ukuba umntwana wakho wazalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, ndiyaqonda ukuba unemibuzo emininzi kunye noloyiko engqondweni yakho. Mhlawumbi uneengcinga ezininzi malunga nempilo kunye nekamva lomntwana wakho. Kodwa khumbula, iqela lezonyango lomntwana wakho lihlala likhona ukukunceda uqonde le meko, kwaye likuncede kwaye likukhokele wena kunye nosapho lwakho.

Zithini iimpawu zomntwana one-PVL?

Kudla ngokuba nzima ukubona kwangoko ukuba umntwana une-PVL ngokumjonga nje. Oko kuthetha ukuba kusenokungabikho zimpawu zicacileyo zangaphandle . Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, i-PVL inokubangela enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo. Kubalulekile ukuhlala ulumkele ezi:

• Ukulibaziseka kwemisipha: Ubunzima bokuhlala, ukukhasa, ukuhamba, okanye ukusebenzisa amalungu omzimba ngokufanelekileyo. Umzekelo, ezinye iintsana zisenokucotha ukubamba iintamo zazo phezulu ngokufanelekileyo, okanye zinocotha ukuqengqeleka okanye ukuhlala phantsi kunezinye iintsana.
• Ukulibaziseka kwengqondo / (Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo): Ukungakwazi ukuqonda nokufunda. Oku kunokuquka izinto ezifana nokulibaziseka ekuthetheni amagama okanye ubunzima bokuqonda imiyalelo elula.
• Iingxaki zokulinganisela: Ubunzima bokugcina ulungelelwano.
• Ukuphazamiseka kokubona nokuva.
• I-Spastic quadriplegia (ukuqina kwamalungu omane, ngokuchanekileyo, ubunzima bokugoba okanye ukolula) okanye i-diplegia ( ukuqina kwemilenze emibini kuphela) – ezi zinokuba ziimpawu ze-cerebral palsy .

Ezi mpawu zihlala zibonakala xa uneminyaka emi-2 ubudala. Into enye ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba i-PVL iyahluka kusana ngalunye. Ayichaphazeli wonke umntu ngendlela efanayo.

Zithini izizathu ze-PVL?

Eyona nto ibangela i-PVL kukuba ingqondo yomntwana ayifumani igazi okanye ioksijini eyaneleyo , nokuba ngaphambi okanye emva kokuzalwa. Cinga ngayo, iiseli zethu zengqondo zifuna ioksijini kunye nezondlo ukuze ziphile kwaye zisebenze. Xa ezi zinto zingabonelelwanga kakuhle, ezo seli ziyayonakala.

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, iintsana ezizalwa ngaphambi kwexesha (ngaphambi kwexesha) , okanye ezo zizalwa zincinci ngexesha lokukhulelwa (zincinci ngexesha lokukhulelwa), zisengozini enkulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba ubuchopho bazo busakhula, nto leyo ebenza bube buthathaka kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, zisengozini enkulu yokonakala.

Ezinye izinto ezinokuthi zinxulunyaniswe ne-PVL ziquka:

• Ukopha igazi engqondweni (Intraventricular hemorrhage) .
• Ukuqhekeka kwesikhwama se-amniotic ngaphambi kwexesha ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Usulelo lwesibeleko sikamama ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani i-PVL?

Ukuba umntwana wakho uzelwe ngaphambi kwexesha, oogqirha baya kwenza uvavanyo oluthile lokuhlola kwiintsuku zokuqala neeveki zokuqala zobomi bomntwana wakho.Ezi zenzelwa ukubona nawuphi na umonakalo engqondweni kwangethuba. Ngamanye amaxesha, uvavanyo lusenokungenziwa de umntwana abonakalise iimpawu zemeko, ezifana nokulibaziseka ekukhuleni.

Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi ezinokuxilonga ngokuchanekileyo i-PVL:

• Iskeni seBrain MRI: Iskeni seMRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) singathatha imifanekiso ecacileyo neneenkcukacha zengqondo yomntwana wakho. Oku kunokujonga iipateni zomonakalo kumbala omhlophe wengqondo, ohambelana nePVL.
• I-ultrasound yentloko: I-ultrasound isebenzisa amaza esandi ukwenza imifanekiso yezicubu zomzimba. Le yindlela esetyenziselwa ukufumanisa i-PVL. Ukuba umntwana wakho une-PVL, i-ultrasound inokubonisa utshintsho kumbala omhlophe wengqondo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-PVL?

Okwangoku akukho nyango okanye unyango oluthe ngqo lwe-PVL. Umonakalo obangelwa yi-PVL ungowokusisigxina . Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezinokunceda ukulawula iimpawu zomntwana wakho kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi bakhe. Ezi zinokunika umntwana wakho isiqabu esikhulu. Ezi zinokubandakanya:

• Unyango lomzimba: Oku kunceda umntwana wakho aphucule intshukumo yakhe, okanye ulawulo lomzimba. Oku kuquka izakhono zomzimba ezintle (ezifana nokubamba ipensile, ukucinezela iqhosha, ukubopha imitya yezihlangu) kunye nezakhono zomzimba ezipheleleyo (ezifana nokuhlala, ukuguqa ngamadolo, ukuhamba, nokubaleka). Khawuthelekelele indlela umntwana anokuba namandla ngayo ukuba ufumana olu hlobo lonyango kwasebuntwaneni!
• Unyango lomsebenzi: Oku kunceda umntwana afunde iindlela ezintsha zokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, njengokutya nezixhobo kunye nokunxiba, eyedwa. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukwandisa ukuzimela komntwana.
• Unyango lokuthetha: Ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuthetha okanye yokunxibelelana nabanye, olu nyango lunokunceda. Lunokunceda ngezinto ezifana nokubiza amagama, ukwakheka kwezivakalisi, kunye nokuqonda.
• Izixhobo zokuncedisa: Izixhobo zokuncedisa ezifana nezitulo ezinamavili, ii-walker, kunye nee-crutches zinokunceda ukonyusa ukuhamba komntwana, okanye amandla okuhambahamba. Ezi zinokunceda umntwana ukuba enze izinto ezininzi eyedwa.
• Amayeza: Amanye amayeza anokubangela ukuqaqamba kwemisipha.Zinokunceda ukulawula iimpawu ezifana, okanye zincede ukulawula ezinye iimeko zempilo (umz., isifo sokuwa) umntwana wakho anokuba naso. Ezi zinto mazisetyenziswe kuphela phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha.
• Iinkonzo zentlalo kunye nenkxaso yemfundo: Umntwana wakho usenokufuna inkxaso eyongezelelweyo ngomsebenzi wesikolo okanye eminye imiba yobomi bemihla ngemihla. Abasebenzi bezentlalo, iingcali zemfundo, kunye nabanye abasebenzi banokubonelela ngolu hlobo lweenkonzo zenkxaso kunye noncedo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba konke oku kwenzelwe ukunceda umntwana aphile ubomi obuhle, obukhululekileyo nobonwabisayo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Ngaba singayithintela i-PVL?

Akukho nto unokuyenza ngokuthe ngqo ukuthintela i-PVL. Injongo ephambili kukuzama ukuthintela ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha . Oku kungenxa yokuba ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha yinto ebangela umngcipheko omkhulu kwi-PVL. Ukuba usemngciphekweni wokuba nomntwana ozalelwe ngaphambi kwexesha, ukuya kwindawo enezibonelelo zonyango ezikhethekileyo zokuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha kunokunceda ukuthintela le meko ngandlela thile.

Nangona ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kwexesha kungasoloko kuthintelwa, ungawunciphisa umngcipheko wakho ngokuthatha la manyathelo ngexesha lokukhulelwa:

• Ukuze ufumane unyango oluqhelekileyo ngaphambi kokukhulelwa , oko kukuthi, yiya kwiikliniki kwaye ubone oogqirha.
• Lawula iimeko zakho zempilo, ezifana nesifo seswekile , uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye ukudakumba .
• Kuphephe ngokupheleleyo ukutshaya, ukusebenzisa utywala, okanye ezinye iziyobisi.
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo .
• Ukunyuka kobunzima ngendlela enempilo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Zikhusele kwiintsholongwane ezinokwenzakalisa wena nosana lwakho olungekazalwa.
• Zama ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kangangoko unako kwaye uhlale uphumle.

Ukuba umntwana wam une-PVL, ndingayilindela ntoni kwixesha elizayo?

Ayingabo bonke abantwana abane-PVL abachaphazeleka ngendlela efanayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana omnye unokwahluka kakhulu komnye . Ingqikelelo/imbono yomntwana ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Umzekelo, ubukhali bomonakalo wengqondo kunye nezinye iingxaki zempilo umntwana anazo.

Abanye abantwana banokuba neempawu ezincinci kakhulu , okanye bangabi nazo kwaphela iimpawu. Banokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, abanye banokuba nokukhubazeka okukhulu ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo . Ugqirha wakho uya kukwazi ukukunika umbono othile ngohlobo lomonakalo umntwana wakho awenzileyo kunye nendlela onokuwuchaphazela ngayo uphuhliso lwakhe.

Khawucinge nje, ngamanye amaxesha umntwana usenokubonakala ngathi yingxaki enkulu xa esemncinci, kodwa ngonyango olufanelekileyo, angangena kwimeko engcono kakhulu ngeminqweno yakhe. Ngoko ke, musa ukuphelelwa lithemba.

Akunakwenzeka ukuqikelela ngokuthe ngqo indlela umntwana wakho aza kuchaphazeleka ngayo. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthetha neengcali eziphanda kwaye zinyange i-PVL. Njengoko umntwana wakho ekhula, uya kuzuza kakhulu kuncedo lweqela leengcali ezinokukwazi ukulungisa unyango lwakhe ngokweemfuno zakhe.

Ingakanani iminyaka yobomi bomntu one-PVL?

Oku kuyabaxhalabisa abazali abaninzi. Uninzi lweentsana ezine-PVL lunokulindeleka ukuba ziphile ubomi obupheleleyo . Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntwana wakho unomonakalo omkhulu wengqondo okanye ezinye izifo ezinzulu , ixesha lokuphila kwakhe linokuba lifutshane kancinci. Ezinye izinto ezinokuchaphazela ixesha lokuphila kwakhe ziquka:

• Ubunzima bokutya nokusela.
• Ukungakwazi ukuhambisa umzimba okanye iingxaki zokuhamba.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.

Ezi azichaphazeli wonke umntu, kodwa kulungile ukuzazi izinto ezinje. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.

Ngoko ke, makhe sijonge ezinye zezinto ekufuneka sizikhumbule koku? (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Umama okanye utata udlula kwiimvakalelo ezininzi ngexesha lokuzalwa komntwana nasemva koko, akunjalo? Ingakumbi ukuba umntwana uzelwe ngaphambi kwexesha okanye kufuneka agcinwe kwi- NICU (iYunithi yoKhathalelo oluNzulu lweZingane eziSandulelayo) , umthwalo owuvayo ngelo xesha kunzima ukuwuchaza. Emva koko, njengoko uchitha iintsuku neeveki noogqirha kunye novavanyo, kusenokufuneka ujongane nezinto ezingaphezulu koko ubucinga ukuba kunokwenzeka. Usenokuvakalelwa kukuba yonke into ayilawuleki, kwaye usenokuzibeka ityala.

Kodwa, kule meko ibizwa ngokuba yi -periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) , akukho mntu unokumgxeka . Kwanabaphandi abazi kakuhle ukuba yintoni ebangela oku. Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuba i-PVL ichaphazela umntwana ngamnye ngendlela eyahlukileyo . Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukusebenzisana ngokusondeleyo neqela lezonyango lomntwana wakho ukuze unike unyango, iingcebiso kunye nenkxaso engcono njengoko umntwana wakho ekhula.

Khumbula, awuwedwa kolu hambo. Oogqirha bakho, abahlengikazi, abagqirha bezonyango, kunye nosapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo bakho bonke bakhona ukukuxhasa.

Kwakhona, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzinyamekela . Kuphela xa unamandla kwaye usempilweni apho unokunyamekela umntwana wakho kakuhle. Nanini na xa uziva uphantsi, thetha nomntu omthembayo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ungathandabuzi ukufuna ingcebiso. Ukuzinikela kwakho kumntwana wakho akunakulinganiswa.

"I-leukomalacia ye-Periventricular, i-PVL, umonakalo wobuchopho, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, ukulibaziseka kokukhula, i-cerebral palsy, impilo yomntwana