Kunzima ukuchaza uloyiko kunye nexhala umntu alivayo xa efunyaniswa ukuba unomhlaza. Kodwa ngokuhambela phambili kwesayensi yezonyango, namhlanje kukho iindlela eziphambili neziphumelelayo zokunyanga umhlaza. Ngokungafaniyo nexesha elidlulileyo, ngoku kukho unyango oluthile olujolise kwaye luhlasela iiseli zomhlaza kuphela. Namhlanje, sithetha ngendlela yonyango ebaluleke kakhulu esetyenziselwa umhlaza we-colorectal. Loo nto yiMonoclonal Antibody Therapy.
Zithini ezi Monoclonal Antibodies?
Ngaphambi kokuba sikuqonde oku, makhe sijonge inkqubo yokuzikhusela yendalo yemizimba yethu. Xa uhlaseli wangaphandle, njengentsholongwane okanye intsholongwane, engena emizimbeni yethu, inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yenza iiproteni ezikhethekileyo ukuze izifumane kwaye izitshabalalise. Ezi antibodies sizibiza ngokuba zizinto ezikhuselayo. Kufana nomkhosi okhusela ilizwe.
Khawuthelekelele nje ukuba lo mkhosi une "qela lemikhosi ekhethekileyo" eliqeqeshwe ngokukodwa kwaye liyaziyo indlela yokuhlasela ithagethi enye kuphela. Ii-Monoclonal Antibodies zifana naleyo. Ezi zii-antibodies ezithile ezenziwe ngokwenziwa kwilebhu. Zenzelwe ukufumana ithagethi enye, zinamathele kuyo, kwaye ziyitshabalalise. Kwimeko enjalo, loo thagethi yiseli yomhlaza.
Eyona nzuzo inkulu yolu nyango kukuchaneka kwalo. I-chemotherapy yendabuko ifana nebhombu. Nangona ibulala iiseli zomhlaza, inokonakalisa neeseli ezisempilweni emzimbeni wethu. Yiyo loo nto i-chemotherapy ibangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokulahlekelwa ziinwele kunye nokudinwa. Kodwa unyango lwe-Monoclonal Antibody lufana "ne-missile ekhokelwayo." Luya ngqo kwiseli yomhlaza. Ke ngoko, ungalindela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa.
Amachiza athintela "ubomi" bomhlaza
Umhlaza awuloqela nje leeseli. Ufana nomzi-mveliso omncinci. Udinga ukondliwa ukuze ukhule, ube mkhulu. Ukuze ufumane olu kondliwa, iiseli zomhlaza zenza imithambo yegazi emitsha. Kwizonyango, le nkqubo siyibiza ngokuba yi-angiogenesis . Kungale mithambo yegazi apho umhlaza ufumana khona ukondliwa okufunekayo ukuze uphile.
Ngoko ke, into eyenziwa zezinye ii-antibodies ze-monoclonal kukuthintela ukwakheka kwaloo mithambo yegazi. Kufana nokunqanda "ukuhanjiswa" kwepetroli kumhlaza. Iyeza eliphambili kolu didi yiBevacizumab (Avastin) .
Isebenza njani i-Avastin?
Iiseli zomhlaza zikhupha isignali ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yiVascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) . Xa esi signali sifunyenwe, umzimba uqala ukwenza imithambo yegazi emitsha. Iyeza i-Avastin lisebenza ngokuthintela eso signali se-VEGF. Oku kuthintela umhlaza ekwenzeni imithambo yegazi emitsha. Emva koko, ngaphandle kokondla, ukukhula komhlaza kuyacotha okanye kuyeke.
I-Avastin lunyango oluvunyiweyo lomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu olusasazeke (olusasazeke) kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Nangona ingawunyangi ngokupheleleyo umhlaza, izifundo zibonise ukuba i-Avastin, xa inikwa i-chemotherapy, yonyusa ixesha lokusinda kwezigulane malunga neenyanga ezintlanu.
Amanye amayeza amatsha kolu didi aquka i-`Fruquintinib (Fruzaqla), `ramucirumab (Cyramza)` kunye ne-`ziv-aflibercept (Zaltrap).` La mayeza asebenza ngokuphazamisa inkqubo yokubonisa i-VEGF.
Indlela i-Avastin enikwa ngayo kunye neziphumo zayo ezingalindelekanga
I-Avastin liyeza elinikwa ngemithambo yegazi okanye nge-IV. Lidla ngokunikezelwa rhoqo emva kweeveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu kunye ne-chemotherapy. Into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba eli yeza liyayonyusa imiphumo ye-chemotherapy, kodwa alibonakali lisebenza kakuhle xa linikwa lodwa kwizigulane ezinomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga nokungakhululeki onokuba nako ngaphambi kokuba uqale olu nyango nangexesha lalo.
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho zeBevacizumab (Avastin) | |
|---|---|
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo eziqhele ukubonwa | |
| Ndiziva ndidiniwe kwaye ndingenabomi | Intloko ebuhlungu |
| Igazi elonyukayo | Umnqweno wokutya |
| Urhudo (intlungu yesisu) | |
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu ekufuneka zixelwe kugqirha ngoko nangoko | |
| Ukugqobhoka kwekholoni (kusenokufuna utyando) | Ukonakala kwezintso kunye nokwanda kweproteni kumchamo |
| Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye intlungu yesifuba | Ukuphola kwenxeba okunciphileyo (ngoko ke akufuneki kusetyenziswe kwangoko emva kotyando) |
| Iingxaki zokopha kakhulu okanye ukugabha kwegazi | |
Amayeza acima "utshintsho lokukhula" kwiiseli zomhlaza
Masithethe ngolunye uhlobo lwe-monoclonal antibody. Ezi azisebenzi ngendlela ebesitshilo ngaphambili. La mayeza ajolise ngqo kwiproteni ethile kumphezulu weeseli zomhlaza. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) .
Ngamafutshane, le EGFR ifana "notshintsho" oluxelela iseli yomhlaza ukuba "ikhule, ikhule." Malunga nama-75% omhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu anale protein ye-EGFR.
Amayeza i-cetuximab (Erbitux) kunye ne -panitumumab (Vectibix) asebenza ngokuncamathisela kuloo "switshi" ibizwa ngokuba yi-EGFR aze ayicime. Oku kuthintela uphawu lwendalo oluxelela iiseli ukuba zikhule zingadibani neswitshi. Ngenxa yoko, iiseli zomhlaza ziyayeka ukukhula.
Isetyenziselwa bani i-Erbitux kunye ne-Vectibix?
Zombini ezi ziyobisi zivunyiwe kumhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu osasazeke (owasasazeka) kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Kodwa kukho into enye ebaluleke kakhulu . Ngaphambi kokuba uqale olu nyango, kufuneka wenze uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lwemfuza (`uvavanyo lokuguqulwa kwemfuza`) lweeseli zakho zomhlaza. Olu vavanyo lulo olugqiba ukuba la mayeza aza kusebenza na kumhlaza wakho okanye akunjalo. Oku akufanelekanga kuwo wonke umntu.
I-Erbitux inikwa ngemithambo yegazi kanye ngeveki. Inikwa yodwa okanye kunye neyeza le-chemotherapy irinotecan (Camptosar). I-Vectibix inikwa rhoqo emva kweeveki ezimbini, idla ngokudityaniswa nezinye iziyobisi ezininzi ze-chemotherapy.
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ze-Erbitux kunye neVectibix | |
|---|---|
| Iingxaki zesikhumba: amadyungudyungu afana ne-acne, amadyungudyungu esikhumba, ulusu olomileyo. (Khumbula, ngamanye amaxesha ezi mpendulo zesikhumba zinokuba luphawu lokuba iyeza liyasebenza nxamnye nomhlaza!) | Ifiva |
| Ndiziva ndidiniwe kwaye ndingenabomi | Ukuqhinwa |
| Intlungu yesisu | Iimpendulo ze-aleji ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi |
| Iimpendulo ezenzekayo xa ichiza linikwa umzimba | |
Zonke ezi ndlela zonyango zichanekile kakhulu. Ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokumisela unyango olungcono kuwe ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lomhlaza kunye nempilo yakho. Musa ukwenza izigqibo ngokusekelwe koko ukufundileyo kwi-intanethi okanye oko kuthethwe ngomnye umntu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Monoclonal Antibody lunyango olukhethekileyo oluphuhliswe kwilebhu olujolise kwaye luhlasele iiseli zomhlaza kuphela.
- Ziyahluka iindlela ezisebenza ngazo ezi zinto. Amanye amayeza athintela ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kumhlaza, ngelixa amanye ethintela imiqondiso yokuba iiseli zomhlaza zikhupha imiqondiso yokuba zikhule.
- Olu nyango alufani kubo bonke abantu. Ngaphambi kokuba amanye amayeza anikwe, kunokufuneka wenze uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lwemfuza ukuze ubone ukuba eli yeza liza kusebenza na kumhlaza wakho.
- Njengazo zonke amayeza, le ineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Musa ukuzoyika, kodwa thetha nogqirha wakho ngazo ngokucacileyo ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango.
- Ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokukunika icebiso nesikhokelo esifanelekileyo malunga nonyango lwakho lomhlaza, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo yakhe.
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