Masifunde ngakumbi nge-syphilis yamehlo, echaphazela namehlo.

Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (iiSTD). Ezinye zezi zifo zinokuchaphazela amanye amalungu omzimba ukuba azinyangwanga kakuhle. Ngokufanayo, ukuba azinyangwanga kakuhle, isifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-syphilis sinokuchaphazela namehlo akho. Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-ocular syphilis, echaphazela amehlo. Nangona eli libali elibalulekileyo, ukuba nolwazi olufanelekileyo kunokuthintela iingxaki ezininzi.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-syphilis yamehlo?

Ngamafutshane, i-Ocular Syphilis yingxaki ye-syphilis eyenzeka emehlweni ukuba unesifo kwaye ayinyangwa kakuhle. I-Syphilis lusulelo olubangelwa yibhaktiriya kunye nosulelo oludluliselwa ngesondo (STI). Olu sulelo lunokudluliselwa kumama okhulelweyo ukuya kumntwana wakhe.

Ukuba ayinyangwa, i-syphilis ingasasazeka kwinkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo, ebuchotsheni (Neurosyphilis), ezindlebeni (Otosyphilis), namehlo (Ocular Syphilis). Ukuba ayinyangwa, i-syphilis yamehlo inokubangela ukulahleka kokubona kwanokuba yimfama. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqaphela oku.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Ehlabathini lonke, malunga nezigidi ezili-12 zezehlo ezintsha ze-syphilis zixelwa minyaka le. Kwilizwe elifana neMelika, kuthiwa phakathi kwe-1% kunye ne-5% yabo bafumana i-"Neurosyphilis" bafumana i-"Ocular Syphilis". Le meko ayikho eSri Lanka, ngoko ke kufuneka sikhathazeke ngayo.

Zithini iimpawu? Uzibona njani?

Oogqirha bathi i-syphilis "ngumkhohlisi omkhulu." Kungenxa yokuba esi sifo sinokufana neempawu zezinye izifo ezininzi. Oko kuthetha ukuba ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima ukuyiqonda njenge-syphilis.

Iimpawu ze-`(Ocular Syphilis)` zinokubonakala nakweyiphi na inqanaba le-syphilis. Nangona kunjalo, zihlala zibonakala kwizigaba zokugqibela zesifo. Ukuba awufumani unyango, esi sifo siya kuqhubeka kancinci kancinci ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo.

Masifunde nangamanqanaba e-syphilis.

I-Syphilis inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ngamanqanaba aliqela aphambili:

• Inqanaba Eliphambili: Eli nqanaba lingaqala kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezilishumi elinesibini emva kokuba udibene nomntu one-syphilis. Kulapho kuvela khona isilonda esingenabuhlungu ('chancre') kwindawo yakho yesini. Nangona esi silonda siphola ngokwaso kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, usenokusidlulisela komnye umntu esi sifo.
• Inqanaba lesibini: Kwisithuba senyanga enye ukuya kwezintandathu emva kokuba isilonda esikhankanyiweyo sipholile, uya kuba nerhashalala. Usenokosulela abanye ngeli nqanaba.
• Inqanaba Elifihlakeleyo: Ukuba awukanyangwa, usene-syphilis kweli nqanaba. Nangona kunjalo, usenokungabi nazimpawu. Ngeli nqanaba, umngcipheko wokudlulisela esi sifo kumaqabane esondo uphantsi.
• Inqanaba Eliphezulu: Eli lelona nqanaba lokugqibela nelona linzima lesi sifo. Ngokukodwa, kukweli nqanaba apho iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu zinokuvela khona. Iimeko ezifana ne-`(Ocular Syphilis)` nazo zinokubonakala rhoqo ngeli xesha.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezibonakala emehlweni kuphela?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezichaphazela ngqo amehlo kwimeko ye-`(Ocular Syphilis)`:

• Ububomvu bamehlo.
• Ukubona izinto ezincinci zidada phambi kwamehlo (`(Ii-Eye floaters)`).
• Intlungu yamehlo.
• Ubuthathaka ekukhanyeni, nto leyo ethetha ubunzima bokujonga ukukhanya (Photophobia).
• Iintshukumo zamehlo ezingaqhelekanga.
• Umfundi ka-Argyll Robertson: Le yimeko apho imbombo yeliso ifinyela khona, ingakumbi xa ujonge into kufutshane. Nangona kunjalo, ayifinyeli xa ibekwe ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo.
• Umbono ofipheleyo okanye ukulahleka ngokupheleleyo kombono.
• Izilonda, amaqhuma, okanye amabala emehlweni okanye ajikeleze amehlo.
• Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba kubekho isilonda esingenabuhlungu (`(Chancre)`) kwiliso.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Ukuqatshelwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokuthintela umonakalo omkhulu.

Zeziphi iindawo zeliso ezichaphazela oku?

I-Syphilis inokuchaphazela naliphi na icandelo leliso. Nangona kunjalo, idla ngokuchaphazela i-uvea. I-uvea yinxalenye yeliso efana ne-membrane elele phantsi komhlophe weliso (i-sclera). Iqulethe i-iris, i-choroid, kunye nomzimba we-ciliary.

Oku kuvutha kunye nosulelo lwe-`(Uvea)` lubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Uveitis)`. Oogqirha abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba wonke umntu one-`(Uveitis)` kufuneka ahlolwe i-syphilis. Kusenokubakho unxibelelwano phakathi kwezi zimbini.

Yintoni ebangela oku? Kusasazeka njani?

Zombini i-syphilis kunye ne-ocular syphilis zibangelwa yibhaktheriya i-Treponema pallidum.

I-Syphilis isasazeka ngokusondelana kwesikhumba nomntu osulelekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-syphilis isasazeka ngokwabelana ngesondo ngomlomo, ngasemva, nangasese sangasese sowesifazane ngendlela engakhuselekanga.

Ukuba ukhulelwe, olu sulelo lunokudluliselwa nakumntwana wakho. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uvavanyelwe i-syphilis ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ukuba une-syphilis, inokulimaza umntwana wakho.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu?

Abanye abantu basenokuba sengozini enkulu yokufumana i-Ocular Syphilis. Ezi ziquka:

• Abantu ababelana ngesondo ngaphandle kokuzikhusela, ingakumbi ukuba banamaqabane angaphezu kwelinye.
• Amadoda alala namadoda (MSM).
• Abantu abosulelwe yi-HIV okwangoku okanye abaye baqinisekiswa ukuba banesinye isifo esidluliselwa ngesondo.
• Abantu abaye balala nomntu oqinisekisiweyo ukuba une-syphilis.

Zithini iingxaki ezinokubakho xa zinganyangwa?

Ukuba i-Ocular Syphilis ayinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, iingxaki ezinje ngezi zinokuvela ngokuhamba kwexesha:

• IiCataracts.
• Ukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi emitsha elisweni (`(Ukwenziwa kwemithambo yegazi elisweni lakho)`).
• Ukungacaci kakuhle kwe-corneal.
• IGlaucoma (iGlaucoma).
• Ukushwabana kwe-retina yeliso (`(Macular pucker)`).
• Ukudumba kwe-macula (i-macular edema).
• Ukuvaleka kwezicubu zamehlo.

Ukuva ezi zinto kusenokuvakala kusoyikisa, kodwa khumbula, konke oku kunokuthintelwa ukuba isifo sichongiwe kwangethuba kwaye sinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo.

Uyazi njani kanye kanye ukuba le ndawo iphi?

Ukuze afumanise ukuba unayo na i-ocular syphilis, ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza imibuzo malunga neempawu zakho kunye nembali yakho yezonyango. Emva koko, ugqirha wamehlo uza kwenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwamehlo kunye nezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi. Baza kujonga:

• Ubuchule bakho bokubona.
• Umsebenzi wendandatho emnyama emehlweni akho.
• Uxinzelelo emehlweni akho.
• Uvavanyo lwakho lwegazi.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, nolwelo lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) lunokuvavanywa.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo?

Nazi ezinye zezona zilingo ziphambili ezisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa i-Ocular Syphilis:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi (ingakumbi uvavanyo lwe-syphilis).
• Uvavanyo lweTonometry lokulinganisa uxinzelelo lwamehlo.
• Uvavanyo olusebenzisa imicroscope olubizwa ngokuba yi-"slit lamp exam" (oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone ingaphakathi leliso ngokweenkcukacha).
• I-Fluorescein angiography (Oku kuquka ukufaka ulwelo olukhethekileyo esweni nokuthatha imifanekiso yemithambo yegazi engaphakathi).

Inyangwa njani le nto? Ngaba inganyangeka?

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba i-Ocular Syphilis inokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo ngee-antibiotics! Eyona antibiotic ixhaphakileyo esetyenziswayo yi-penicillin. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba le-syphilis. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amaconsi emehlweni okanye amanye amayeza omlomo.

Ngawaphi amayeza anikwayo?

Oogqirha badla ngokucebisa unyango olufana nolu:

• I-antibiotic ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Penicillin G)` inikwa ngemithambo yegazi (`(IV)`) kangangeentsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-14.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, inaliti ebizwa ngokuba yiBenzathine penicillin G, efakwa kwisihlunu (esingaphakathi kwemisipha) kangangeeveki ezintathu, inikwa kunye neyeza elibizwa ngokuba yiProbenecid, elithathwa ngomlomo.
• Ukuba une-aleji kwi-penicillin, unganikwa ezinye ii-antibiotics ezifana ne-ceftriaxone okanye i-azithromycin.

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yonyango lwe-ocular syphilis kunye ne-neurosyphilis yi-intravenous penicillin. Ukuba une-allergy kwi-penicillin, oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha baya kuzama ukukubangela ukuba ungabi namvakalelo kwiyeza ukuze ukwazi ukulisebenzisa.

Okukhethekileyo: Unyango lweSyphilitic Keratitis, imeko ebangelwa yisyphilis

Kukho umahluko omncinci apha. Ukuba uneSyphilitic Keratitis, ukudumba kwe-cornea yeliso lakho okubangelwa yi-syphilis, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika ii-steroids endaweni yee-antibiotics.

Emva kokuqala unyango lwe-antibiotics, ugqirha wakho unokukunika ii-steroids zomlomo okanye amaconsi amehlo ukunciphisa ukudumba emehlweni akho. Banokukunika namanye amayeza amehlo, afana nala:

• Amayeza angengo-steroidal alwa nokuvuvukala (NSAIDS) anciphisa ukudumba.
• Amathontsi amehlo anciphisa ukoma (ii-Lubricants).
• Amayeza avula ulusu lweliso (`(Mydriatics)`).

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Unyango lweSyphilis lunokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye iingozi. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• `(Impendulo kaJarisch-Herxheimer (JHR))`: Le yimpendulo enokwenzeka ngamayeza emithanjeni. Ingabangela umkhuhlane nokubila, intloko ebuhlungu, ubushushu bomzimba obuphezulu, okanye ukudumba kwamehlo. Oogqirha bajonge oku.
• Ukulahlekelwa yimbono engapheliyo: Ukusebenzisa ii-steroids zodwa ngaphandle kwee-antibiotics kunokubangela ukulahlekelwa yimbono okungenakuguqulwa. Ukuba une-uveitis ngenxa ye-syphilis, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uthathe ii-antibiotics.
• Iingxaki zokusetyenziswa kweSteroid: Nangona iisteroids zingamayeza aluncedo kakhulu, zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga xa zisetyenziswa ixesha elide. Ezi ziquka ukutyeba, ukutshintsha kweemvakalelo, ukungalali, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye namanqanaba eswekile.

Ndiza kuziva bhetele nini emva konyango?

Unyango lwe-Ocular Syphilis ludla ngokuthatha malunga neeveki ezimbini, ngamanye amaxesha ixesha elide. Ungaqala ukuziva ungcono kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuqala unyango. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuthatha yonke imithi oyinikwe ngugqirha wakho.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni kwixesha elizayo? Ngaba iza kuphila ngokupheleleyo?

I-Syphilis, kunye nemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Ocular Syphilis)` , sisifo esinokunyangwa. Njengakwezinye izifo zamehlo, ukufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olukhawulezileyo lwe-`(Ocular Syphilis)` kunokunciphisa kakhulu umonakalo ekuboneni kwakho. Ukuba unezinye iimeko, ezifana ne-`(HIV)`, okanye ukuba ubungaboni kakuhle kwasekuqaleni, ezi zinto zinokuchaphazela neziphumo.

Ngaba oku kungathintelwa ukuba kwenzeke?

Eyona ndlela yokuthintela i-syphilis kukuphepha ukulala nomntu one-syphilis nokuphepha ukuchukumisa izilonda ze-syphilis.

Ungayinciphisa njani ingozi?

Ungenza ezi zinto ukunciphisa le ngozi:

• Ukuzikhwebula kwisondo.
• Ukuba nolwalamano lwesondo neqabane elinye elithembekileyo kuphela eliqinisekisiweyo ukuba alinazo naziphi na izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo.
• Soloko usebenzisa iikhondom zelatex kunye needam zamazinyo ngokuchanekileyo ukuba wenza isondo ngomlomo, ngasemva, okanye kwisini nabanye abantu.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho embonweni wakho, okanye ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezintsha okanye ukuba iimpawu zakho ezikhoyo zibonakala zisiba mandundu, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko.

Kufuneka uye nini kwigumbi likaxakeka?

Kwimeko enjalo, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka ( ETU ) ngoko nangoko:

• Ukuba ngequbuliso ulahlekelwa kukubona.
• Ukuba uva iintlungu eziqatha emehlweni akho.
• Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla ngenxa yokunganyamezelani namayeza.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Xa usiya kugqirha, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Zeziphi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ndizazi nge-Ocular Syphilis?
• Loluphi unyango olundicebisayo?
• Zithini iingozi ngolu nyango?
• Zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ekufuneka ndizixele ngoko nangoko?
• Isebenza njani inkqubo yokwazisa amaqabane am ngesondo ukuba nawo asenokuba ne-syphilis?

Akukho mntu uthanda ukuva ukuba unesifo esidluliselwa ngesondo, njenge-syphilis. Usenokucinga ukuba olu hlobo lwesifo luchaphazela kuphela inkqubo yokuzala. Kodwa akunjalo nge-syphilis. Ingachaphazela namehlo akho, ibangele ukulahleka kokubona kunye nobumfama. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufunyenwe kwangethuba kwaye unyangwa nge-antibiotics epheleleyo, ugqirha wakho unokunyanga i-Ocular Syphilis. Ukuba wakha waba ne-allergy kwi-penicillin, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngayo. I-Penicillin lolona nyango luphambili loku.

Umyalezo Wethu Wokubuyela Ekhaya

Ngoko ke, ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyiqonda kakuhle imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Ocular Syphilis)` esithethe ngayo namhlanje. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba esi sisifo esinokunyangeka, ingakumbi ukuba siqatshelwe kwangethuba kwaye sinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye iimpawu, ungabi nazintloni okanye woyike ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha. Kwakhona, ukwenza isondo esikhuselekileyo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kwizifo ezinjalo. Amehlo akho ayinto exabisekileyo, kwaye luxanduva lwakho ukuwakhusela.

I- Syphilis yamehlo, iSyphilis, iSyphilis emehlweni, Izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo, Izifo zamehlo, i-Uveitis, Iimpawu zeSyphilis, Unyango lweSyphilis