Ingaba oku kuthiwa yi-metabolism emzimbeni kusebenza kakuhle? Masibone ukuba yintoni na!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba ukutya esikutyayo kunika njani imizimba yethu amandla? Ngamanye amaxesha sicinga, 'Owu, imetabolism yam iphantsi kakhulu, yiyo loo nto ndityebile.' Okanye sithi, 'Owu, akayi kukhula ubunzima nokuba utya kangakanani na, imetabolism yakhe ilungile ngokwenene, akunjalo?' Ngoko ke, yintoni le imetabolism ethethwa ngumntu wonke? Masifunde ngayo ngokulula nangokuchanekileyo namhlanje.

Yintoni le metabolism?

Ngamafutshane, imetabolism yinkqubo yeekhemikhali eyenzeka ngaphakathi kwiiseli zomzimba wethu eguqula ukutya esikutyayo kube ngamandla. Sidinga la mandla ukuze sihambe, sicinge, sikhule, kwaye senze yonke into esiyenzayo. Cinga ngayo njengepetroli yemoto.

Ezi nkqubo zeekhemikhali zilawulwa ziiproteni ezithile emizimbeni yethu. Amawaka ezi ziphumo zeekhemikhali zenzeka ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu ngaxeshanye. Konke oku kulawulwa kuba iiseli zethu kufuneka zibe sempilweni kwaye zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo.

Ngoko ke, le metabolism isebenza njani?

Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba oku kusebenza njani. Emva kokutya, ii-enzymes (ezi zifana nabasebenzi abancinci) kwinkqubo yethu yokugaya ziyadibana kwaye zenze oku kulandelayo:

• Iiproteni esizityayo zahlulwe zibe ziiyunithi ezincinci ezibizwa ngokuba zii-amino acids .
• Amafutha (iioyile) esizityayo aguqulwa abe zizinto ezibizwa ngokuba zii-fatty acids .
• Iicarbohydrate esizityayo (ezifana nerayisi, isonka, kunye neetapile) zahlulwe zibe ziishukela ezilula (umzekelo, iglucose).

Ngoku ezi swekile zenziweyo, ii-amino acids, kunye nee-fatty acids zezona zinto imizimba yethu enokuzisebenzisa njengemithombo yamandla xa izifuna. Ezi zifunxwa egazini lethu, kwaye ukusuka apho, zithwalwa zisiwe kwiiseli zethu.

Xa sele zingaphakathi kwiiseli, ezinye ii-enzymes ziyavuselelwa ukuze zikhawulezise okanye zilawule iinkqubo zeekhemikhali 'eziguqula' (oko kukuthi, ezivelisa okanye ezigcina amandla) ezi zinto zixutyiweyo. Ngexesha lezi nkqubo, amandla avela kwezi zinto akhutshwa ukuze asetyenziswe ngumzimba okanye agcinwe kwizicubu zomzimba, ingakumbi isibindi, izihlunu kunye namafutha agciniweyo.

I-Metabolism sisenzo sokulinganisela phakathi kwemisebenzi emibini eyenzeka ngexesha elinye:

1. Ukwakha izicwili zomzimba kunye neendawo zokugcina amandla (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-anabolism).

2. Ukuze ufumane amandla angakumbi kwimisebenzi yomzimba, umzimba uqhekeza izicubu kunye neendawo zokugcina amandla (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-catabolism).

Ngaba masijonge ezi zimbini ngakumbi?

I-Anabolism: Inkqubo yokwakha izihlunu

I-Anabolism , ngokufutshane, yinkqubo yokwakha nokugcina amafutha emzimbeni.Oku kunceda ekwakheni iiseli ezintsha, ukugcina izicubu zomzimba, kunye nokugcina amandla okusetyenziswa kamva. Kwi-anabolism, iimolekyuli ezincinci ziyadityaniswa ukuze zenze iimolekyuli ezinkulu nezintsonkothileyo ze-carbohydrate, iiproteni, kunye namafutha. Cinga ngako njengokwakha udonga olukhulu ngezitena ezincinci.

I-Catabolism: Inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla

I-Catabolism yinkqubo apho amandla aveliswa khona kuyo yonke imisebenzi yeseli. Iiseli ziqhekeza iimolekyuli ezinkulu (ngokuqhelekileyo iicarbohydrates kunye namafutha) ukuze zikhuphe amandla. La mandla avuselela i-anabolism, agcina umzimba ufudumele, kwaye anceda izihlunu ukuba ziqine kwaye zishukume.

Xa iiyunithi zeekhemikhali ezintsonkothileyo zahlulwe zaba zizinto ezilula ngale ndlela, imizimba yethu ikhupha inkunkuma ngolusu, izintso, imiphunga, namathumbu .

Ngubani olawula le metabolism?

Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, 'Kulungile, konke oku kuyenzeka. Kodwa ngubani olawula isantya sale nto, indlela ehamba ngayo?' Kukho iihomoni ezininzi kwinkqubo yethu ye-endocrine ezinceda ukulawula isantya kunye necala le-metabolism.

Umzekelo, ihomoni i-thyroxine, eveliswa yi-thyroid gland (i-gland efana nebhabhathane entanyeni yethu), idlala indima enkulu ekumiseleni ukuba iinkqubo zeekhemikhali kwi-metabolism yomntu zikhawuleza okanye zicotha kangakanani.

Elinye idlala yipancreas . Iihormones ezikhuphayo zimisela ukuba umsebenzi ophambili womzimba we-metabolic nangaliphi na ixesha yi-anabolic (ukwakha) okanye i-catabolic (ukuqhekeka).

Cinga ngale ndlela, emva kokuba utye isidlo esimnandi, umzimba wakho uhlala usenza imisebenzi emininzi ye-anabolic. Isizathu soku kukuba xa usitya, inqanaba le-glucose (i-fuel ephambili yomzimba) egazini lakho liyakhula. Xa i-pancreas ibona oku kunyuka kwamanqanaba e-glucose, ikhupha i-hormone ebizwa ngokuba yi-insulin . Le insulin ixelela iiseli ukuba, "Kulungile, ngoku masiqale imisebenzi ye-anabolic."

Luthini ulwalamano phakathi kwe-metabolism kunye nobunzima bomzimba? (Ibali leekhalori)

Nangona imetabolism yinkqubo entsonkothileyo kakhulu yeekhemikhali, abantu abaninzi bayiqonda njengento echaphazela nokuba imizimba yethu iyanda okanye iyancipha ngokulula na ubunzima. Kulapho ke iikhalori zingena khona.

Ikhalori yiyunithi yokulinganisa amandla angakanani anikwa kukutya. Umzekelo, iqhekeza letshokolethi lineekhalori ezingaphezulu kuneapile. Oko kuthetha ukuba itshokolethi inika amandla angakumbi – kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, into elungileyo kakhulu ayilunganga.

Njengokuba itanki yemoto igcina ipetroli igcwele, umzimba ugcina iikhalori ezingaphezulu – ikakhulu njengamafutha.Ukuba uzalisa itanki yemoto yakho ngokupheleleyo, ipetroli iya kuphuma, akunjalo? Ngendlela efanayo, ukuba umntu utya iikhalori ezininzi kakhulu, ezo zingaphezulu ziya 'kuchitheka', oko kukuthi, zigcinwe njengamafutha omzimba.

Inani leekhalori umntu azitshisayo ngosuku lixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• Ungakanani umthambo awenzayo loo mntu .
• Ubungakanani bamafutha nezihlunu anazo emzimbeni wakhe.
• Kwakhona, izinga lakhe elisisiseko le-metabolic yi-"Basal Metabolic Rate" okanye "(BMR)" .

Ngoku masibone ukuba oku kuthetha ukuthini `(BMR)`.

Yintoni le Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)?

I-'BMR' yindlela yokulinganisa isantya umntu 'atshisa ngaso' amandla (ngendlela yeekhalori) ngelixa ephumle, engenzi nto. Eli lixabiso elincinci lamandla afunekayo ukugcina imisebenzi esisiseko yomzimba (njengokuphefumla nokujikeleza kwegazi).

Le `(BMR)` inokuchaphazela ukuthambekela komntu ekutyebeni. Umzekelo, umntu one`(BMR)` ephantsi (oko kukuthi, umntu otshisa iikhalori ezimbalwa xa ephumle okanye elele) kusenokwenzeka ukuba atyebe kakhulu emzimbeni ngokuhamba kwexesha kunomntu one`(BMR)` eqhelekileyo otya ukutya okulinganayo nokuzilolonga.

I-BMR inokuchaphazeleka zi -genes zomntu kunye neemeko ezithile zempilo . Ukwakheka komzimba nako kunokuyichaphazela - abantu abanezihlunu ezininzi kunye namafutha amancinci badla ngokuba ne-BMR ephezulu. Nangona kunjalo, abantu banokuyitshintsha i-BMR yabo ngeendlela ezithile. Umzekelo, umntu ozilolonga kakhulu akatshisi nje kuphela iikhalori ezingaphezulu, kodwa uphinda abe sempilweni ngakumbi, nto leyo eyandisa i-BMR yakhe.

Ngoko ke, ngokufutshane, nazi izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya):

Kulungile, sithethe kakhulu nge-metabolism. Ngaba udidekile? Ngamafutshane, ezi zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• I-metabolism ibalulekile ukuze siphile: iguqula ukutya esikutyayo kube ngamandla, kwaye loo mandla anika amandla yonke into emizimbeni yethu.
• Yinkqubo enzima: inamacandelo amabini: i-anabolism (ukwakha) kunye ne-catabolism (ukuqhekeka).
• Ilawulwa ziihomoni: Iihomoni ezifana ne-thyroxine kunye ne-insulin zimisela isantya sayo kunye necala esiya kulo.
• Okunxulumene nobunzima bomzimba, kodwa kungekuphela nje koko: izinto ezifana nokutsha kweekhalori, ``(BMR)`` zibalulekile apha.
• Indlela yokuphila enempilo inokunceda imetabolism yakho: Ukutya okunempilo, umthambo owaneleyo, kunye nokulala kakuhle kubalulekile kwimetabolism enempilo.

Khumbula, ayingomntu wonke okwaziyo ukwenza izinto ezifanayo.Kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka izakhi zofuzo, ubudala, isini, kunye nokwakheka komzimba. Ngoko ke, ungazithelekisi nabanye abantu. Okubalulekileyo kukuba sempilweni kwaye ulungele umzimba wakho.

Ukuba uneminye imibuzo, kungcono ubuze ugqirha.

I-metabolism, amandla, iikhalori, i-BMR, i-anabolism, i-catabolism, iihomoni