Ngaba nawe ufumene ingxelo ye-pathology? (Ingxelo ye-Pathology) – Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula!

Usenokuba ufumene ingxelo ye-pathology kugqirha, akunjalo? Mhlawumbi emva kokuhlolwa nge-biopsy, okanye emva kotyando, okanye emva kolunye uvavanyo. Xa uyifika ekhaya, okanye xa uyibona kwirekhodi yakho yezonyango ye-elektroniki, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukudideka ngamagama namanani akuyo. Usenokuba uzibuza ukuba la magama anzima athetha ukuthini ngokwenene. Namhlanje, masithethe ngento ethethwa yi-pathology kunye nendlela yokuyiqonda ngokulula.

Ithini le ngxelo yesifo?

Ngamafutshane, ingxelo ye-pathology yingxelo ebhaliweyo yingcali ye-pathology ehlola isampuli yezicubu okanye ulwelo oluthathwe emzimbeni wakho aze abhale ngoko akubonileyo. Ikwabandakanya ukuxilongwa okanye iingcebiso ezisekelwe kwindlela iiseli kunye nezicubu ezikwisampuli yakho ezibonakala ngayo xa kuthelekiswa neeseli kunye nezicubu ezisempilweni eziqhelekileyo.

Khawucinge nje, ukuba uneqhuma elincinci emzimbeni wakho, ugqirha uthatha iqhekeza lalo alithumele kwilebhu. Ugqirha ochwephesha kuloo lebhu ujonga le sampuli phantsi kwe-microscope aze abhale iinkcukacha zayo kwingxelo. Yiloo nto ibizwa ngokuba yingxelo ye-pathology. Kule ngxelo, singafumana oku:

• Indlela ugqirha awathatha ngayo isampulu, indlela eyayilungiselelwe ngayo uvavanyo (umzekelo, ingaba yayifakwe kwisithinteli esifana ne-formalin, okanye yayifakwe umbala ukuze izinto ezithile zibonakale ngakumbi).
• Indlela iiseli kunye nezicubu ezibonakala ngayo xa zijongwa ngemakroskopu.
• Zingaphi iiseli, iiproteni, nezinye izinto ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo, zibukeka njani, kwaye ingaba ezi zahlukile na koko bekulindelwe yingcali yezifo.
• Nokuba isampulu ineentsholongwane (ezifana neebhaktheriya, iiparasites, iintsholongwane, okanye iifungi) okanye ezinye izinto zangaphandle.

Yintoni iPathology?

I-Pathology luphando lwezifo, izizathu zazo, kunye nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo imizimba yethu. Xa kuthathwa isampuli yesicwili okanye ulwelo emzimbeni wakho, luthunyelwa kwilebhu ye-pathology ukuze luhlolwe. Apho, iingcali ze-pathology zihlola ezi sampuli ukuze zizame ukufumana iimeko zesifo. I-Pathology isetyenziselwa izinto ezinje:

• Ukuchonga , ukujonga , okanye ukuhlola izifo kunye neemeko.
• Nceda ugqibe ukuba loluphi unyango olufumanekayo.
• Nika umbono wesifo esiza kwenzeka , oko kukuthi, ukuba siza kuba njani na eso sifo.
• Hlola umngcipheko wakho wokufumana izifo ezithile (umzekelo, uvavanyo lwemfuza ukuze ubone utshintsho lwemfuza olunokubangela umhlaza) .

Siza kuyifumana nini ingxelo yesifo?

Sisoloko sicinga ukuba ingxelo yesifo ifunyanwa kuphela emva kokuba kwenziwe i-biopsy ukukhangela umhlaza. Yiyo loo nto, kodwa ayisiyo yodwa indlela. Umzekelo, ungafumana ingxelo yesifo sezifo zeemeko ezifana ne -endometriosis , ii-colon polyps , okanye nayiphi na imeko apho ugqirha ethatha isampuli kuwe aze ingcali yesifo iyihlalutye. Nazi ezinye zemizekelo:

• I-Biopsy: Ukuthatha isiqwenga sesicwili naphi na emzimbeni ukuze sihlolwe.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ezinye iimvavanyo zegazi ezikhethekileyo zikwavelisa iingxelo ezifana nezi.
• I-Colonoscopy: Iisampuli ezithathwe ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwamathumbu amakhulu.
• I-Endoscopy (EGD - Esophagogastroduodenoscopy): Iisampuli ezithathwe ngexesha lokuhlolwa kweendawo zesisu, isisu, njl.njl.
• I-Cholecystectomy: Uvavanyo lwenyongo esusiweyo.
• Uvavanyo lwemfuza: Ukuchonga iimeko ezithile zemfuza.
• I-Laparoscopy: Iisampuli ezithathwe kwizikrwelo ezincinci (umzekelo, ukuze kufunyanwe i-endometriosis).
• Utyando lokususa iqhuma lebele kuphela.
• Utyando lokususa ibele lonke: Utyando lokususa ibele lonke.
• Ukulima i-sputum: Inkqubo yokukhangela iintsholongwane kwisampulu ye-sputum.
• Uvavanyo lwendle: Ukujonga iintsholongwane okanye ezinye izinto kwindle.
• I-Nasopharyngeal swab: Umzekelo, njengovavanyo lwe-Covid.
• Inkcubeko yomphimbo: Ukujonga usulelo lomphimbo.
• Uvavanyo lomchamo: Khangela iintsholongwane okanye ezinye izinto emchameni.

Ingxelo ye-pathology iqulethe ntoni?

Ngoku makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi iindawo ezihlala ziqulathwe yingxelo ye-pathology. Ayizizo zonke iingxelo eziqulathe zonke ezi, kodwa zezi zixhaphakileyo.

1. Indlela yoVavanyo (Inkqubo):

Oku kubhekisa kwinkqubo okanye kuvavanyo olwenziwe ngugqirha wakho ukuze kufunyanwe isampulu ithunyelwe kwilebhu. Umzekelo, into efana ne-'Skin biopsy' okanye 'Colonoscopy ene-polyp removal'.

2. Inkcazo epheleleyo yembonakalo yangaphandle yesampuli:

Oku kubonwa yingcali yezifo ngokujonga isampuli ngeliso lenyama (ngaphandle kwemakroskopu). Ichaza umbala, ubunzima, ubungakanani , kunye nezinye iimpawu ezibonakalayo zesampuli. Cinga ngenkcazo efana nale, 'Iqhekeza lesicwili esimdaka esingangeesentimitha ezi-2 ubude.'

3. Inkcazo yeMicroskopu:

Nantsi inxalenye ebalulekileyo. Oku kuchaza indlela ezibonakala ngayo iiseli kunye nezinye iindawo zesampulu xa zikhuliswe phantsi kwe-microscope. Ingcali yezifo ingalungisa izicwili kunye nolwelo kwisisombululo, esifana ne -formalin , ize emva koko izihlole ngamabala akhethekileyo. Oku kuvumela ukuba iindawo zeeseli, iibhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, iifungi, kunye nezinye izifo zichongwe ngokucacileyo. Kulapho izinto ezinje ngokuba iiseli 'ziqhelekile', 'zingaqhelekanga', okanye 'zikhona na iiseli zomhlaza' zinokuchongwa.

4. Imida:

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu xa kususwa ithumba elinomhlaza. Igama elithi 'margin' libhekisa kwizicubu eziqhelekileyo ezijikeleze ithumba. Ukuba lithi 'clear' okanye ' negative margins', kuthetha ukuba akukho ziseli zomhlaza emaphethelweni esampuli. Oku kuthetha ukuba ithumba mhlawumbi lisusiwe ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba lithi 'positive margins' , kuthetha ukuba umhlaza usenokungasuswanga ngokupheleleyo, kwaye kusenokusekho iiseli zomhlaza ezisele.

5. Inqanaba kunye neBanga:

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni komhlaza. 'Inqanaba' libonisa ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani ukusuka apho waqala khona emzimbeni, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba umhlaza unzima kangakanani. 'Inqanaba' lichaza indlela iiseli zomhlaza ezibonakala zahlukile ngayo xa zithelekiswa neeseli eziqhelekileyo ezisempilweni. Okukhona inqanaba liphezulu, kokukhona iiseli zingaqhelekanga kwaye kokukhona umhlaza usasazeka.

6. Amaqhuqhuva e-lymph:

Ukuba ii-lymph nodes zithathwe zaza zahlolwa ngexesha le-biopsy, ukuba zibizwa ngokuba 'zilungile' , oko kuthetha ukuba ingcali yezifo ifumene iiseli zomhlaza kwezo lymph nodes. Ukuba 'zingalunganga' , ifumene iiseli eziqhelekileyo kuphela.

7. Iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-molecular:

Ezi ziziphumo zovavanyo ezikhangela utshintsho lwemfuza okanye utshintsho kwiiseli zomhlaza. Ezi ziphumo ziluncedo kakhulu ekukhetheni unyango lweentlobo ezithile zomhlaza. Umzekelo, zinokunceda ekumiseleni ukuba iyeza elithile liza kusebenza kuloo mhlaza okanye akunjalo.

8. Iintsholongwane:

Eli candelo likuxelela ukuba isampulu ineebhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, iiparasites, okanye iifungi. Oku kubonakala rhoqo xa kuvavanywa iisampuli zendle okanye iisampuli zolwelo lomzimba.

9. Uxilongo:

Eli candelo lisisishwankathelo sengxelo yonke . Lichaza ukuxilongwa kokugqibela kwengcali yezifo ngokusekelwe kuzo zonke iimpawu ezifunyenwe kwisampulu. Umzekelo, 'Invasive Ductal Carcinoma ' okanye ' Akukho mhlaza ubonweyo' (Umhlaza awubonakali) into enjalo.

10. Iingcebiso:

Ukuba ukhe wenza uvavanyo olufana ne-colonoscopy, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba ulandelelwe okanye ukuba uza kulwenza nini uvavanyo lwakho olulandelayo.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukufumana ingxelo yesifo?

Kudla ngokuthatha iveki okanye ngaphezulu ukufumana ingxelo yesifo. Ngamanye amaxesha kufika kwangethuba. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ulindele nini iziphumo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki ukuba kuthatha ixesha elide kunokuba bekulindelwe. Oko akuthethi ukuba iziphumo zakho zimbi.

Kunzima ukulinda iziphumo ezibalulekileyo. Kuyanceda ukufumana iindlela zokugcina ingqondo yakho ixakekile ngelo xesha.

Kuthekani ukuba kukho into engaqhelekanga kwingxelo ye-pathology?

Ukuba ingxelo ye-pathology ineziphumo ezingaqhelekanga okanye ezingalindelekanga, ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela into omawuyenze ngokulandelayo. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kwinto efunyenwe yi-pathologist kunye neendlela zonyango ezikhoyo.

Ukufunda ingxelo ye-pathology kunokufana nokufunda imephu yesixeko ongasiqhelanga. Amagama anokubonakala engaqhelekanga. Usenokungazi ukuba uqale phi okanye uye phi. Kodwa ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa loo mephu ukukunceda uqonde ukuxilongwa kwakho kwaye ucwangcise iindlela zonyango lwakho. Cela ugqirha wakho ukuba achaze iziphumo zakho ze-pathology kunye nendlela ezikuchaphazela ngayo. Kunye, ninokucwangcisa uhambo lwenu phambili.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule

Ingxelo ye-pathology yingxelo echaza iziphumo zesampulu ethathwe emzimbeni wakho. Kunokuba nzima ukuqonda amagama ezonyango kule ngxelo. Nangona kunjalo, kunokuba luncedo kakhulu kugqirha wakho ukuxilonga imeko yakho aze akukhethele unyango olulungele wena.

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nengxelo okanye ukuba kukho into ongayiqondiyo, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho. Nguye umntu ofanelekileyo ukukuchazela oku ngokulula. Khumbula, le ngxelo yinyathelo elibalulekileyo kuhambo lwakho lwempilo. Yiqonde, sebenzisana nogqirha wakho, kwaye uqhubeke phambili.

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